在Mac上通过Docker部署Oracle Database 12.2版本

Oracle 已经宣布支持了Docker部署，这也让我们在Mac上部署 Oracle 数据库有了多一个选择，这是我的第一个Docker应用，非常简便快速的就完成了部署，简捷是最直接的体验。在云和恩墨 和 恩墨学院 的培训中，我们使用Docker为环境部署实现了极大的便利和简化。

首先要做的是准备工作，备好需要的软件，安装Docker环境，这些极其简单。

下载一个Docker的稳定版本，『Docker Community Edition for Mac』即可：

以下链接：

https://store.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-mac

选择稳定版本：

https://download.docker.com/mac/stable/Docker.dmg

这也是我第一次安装Docker，看着熟悉的小鲸鱼游进文件夹，第一步的准备工作基本就做好了：

接下来还需要在Github上下载Oracle的Docker Image文件（下载之后的文件是 docker-images-master.zip ）：

https://github.com/oracle/docker-images

此外，你还需要最新的Oracle 12.2 数据库安装包，可以从OTN下载（安装文件是 linuxx64_12201_database.zip）：

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

在成功安装了Docker之后，就可以部署Oracle数据库了。

在Docker中部署Oracle数据库，简化到只需要一个核心命令。

我将整个过程概括为3个环节：

第一步：准备安装程序

主要是 docker-images-master.zip 和 linuxx64_12201_database.zip ，解压Docker的主体文件，然后将Oracle的安装文件加入到OracleDatabase/dockerfiles的相应目录下，准备工作就就绪了。

准备工作基本上就两条命令，把准备好的安装文件解压，最好建一个顶级目录，如Docker：

unzip docker-images-master.zip

mv linuxx64_12201_database.zip docker-images-master/OracleDatabase/dockerfiles/12.2.0.1/

简单点的日志如下：

bogon:~ eygle$ cd Docker/

bogon:Docker eygle$ ls -l

-rw-r--r--@ 1 eygle staff 4291538 May 16 15:52 docker-images-master.zip

-rw-r--r--@ 1 eygle staff 3453696911 Apr 19 12:04 linuxx64_12201_database.zip

bogon:Docker eygle$ unzip docker-images-master.zip

Archive: docker-images-master.zip

e4dbd20bd3ef245767f37641b5c37d6e918a5f97

creating: docker-images-master/

extracting: docker-images-master/.gitattributes

bogon:Docker eygle$ mv linuxx64_12201_database.zip docker-images-master/OracleDatabase/dockerfiles/12.2.0.1/

第二步：构建数据库的Docker镜像

这个环节就只需要一条命令，需要执行 docker-images-master/OracleDatabase/dockerfiles 下的build脚本：

./buildDockerImage.sh -v 12.2.0.1 -e

在这个步骤中首先需要安装 OEL的 Slim 版本：oraclelinux:7-slim 。需要从网上下载文件，所以安装过程中必须保持网络的连通。整个过程有16个步骤，简单抽取出来，就是类似如下的过程，全部是自动执行的：

Step 1/16 : FROM oraclelinux:7-slim

Step 2/16 : MAINTAINER Gerald Venzl <[e-mail]>

Step 3/16 : ENV ORACLE_BASE /opt/oracle ORACLE_HOME /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1 INSTALL_FILE_1 "linuxx64_12201_database.zip" INSTALL_RSP "db_inst.rsp" CONFIG_RSP "dbca.rsp.tmpl" PWD_FILE "setPassword.sh" PERL_INSTALL_FILE "installPerl.sh" RUN_FILE "runOracle.sh" START_FILE "startDB.sh" CREATE_DB_FILE "createDB.sh" SETUP_LINUX_FILE "setupLinuxEnv.sh" CHECK_SPACE_FILE "checkSpace.sh" CHECK_DB_FILE "checkDBStatus.sh" INSTALL_DB_BINARIES_FILE "installDBBinaries.sh"

Step 4/16 : ENV INSTALL_DIR $ORACLE_BASE/install PATH $ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/:/usr/sbin:$PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH $ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib CLASSPATH $ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

Step 5/16 : COPY $INSTALL_FILE_1 $INSTALL_RSP $PERL_INSTALL_FILE $SETUP_LINUX_FILE $CHECK_SPACE_FILE $INSTALL_DB_BINARIES_FILE $INSTALL_DIR/

Step 6/16 : COPY $RUN_FILE $START_FILE $CREATE_DB_FILE $CONFIG_RSP $PWD_FILE $CHECK_DB_FILE $ORACLE_BASE/

Step 7/16 : RUN chmod ug+x $INSTALL_DIR/*.sh && sync && $INSTALL_DIR/$CHECK_SPACE_FILE && $INSTALL_DIR/$SETUP_LINUX_FILE

Step 8/16 : USER oracle

Step 9/16 : RUN $INSTALL_DIR/$INSTALL_DB_BINARIES_FILE EE

Step 10/16 : USER root

Step 11/16 : RUN $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh && $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh && rm -rf $INSTALL_DIR

Step 12/16 : USER oracle

Step 13/16 : WORKDIR /home/oracle

Step 14/16 : VOLUME $ORACLE_BASE/oradata

Step 15/16 : EXPOSE 1521 5500

Step 16/16 : CMD exec $ORACLE_BASE/$RUN_FILE

执行的起点类似如下：

bogon:Docker eygle$ cd docker-images-master/OracleDatabase/dockerfiles

bogon:dockerfiles eygle$ ./buildDockerImage.sh -v 12.2.0.1 -e

完成的终点日志类似：

Oracle Database Docker Image for 'ee' version 12.2.0.1 is ready to be extended: 
--> oracle/database:12.2.0.1-ee

Build completed in 52755 seconds.

第三步：创建和运行数据库

完成了安装之后，你拥有了两个镜像，一个是OEL 7-slim 版本，大约114MB，一个 oracle/database 大约14.8GB。

bogon:OracleDocker eygle$ docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

oracle/database 12.2.0.1-ee dcfea9f4f145 3 hours ago 14.8 GB

oraclelinux 7-slim 442ebf722584 3 weeks ago 114 MB

启动数据库只需要一个命令：

docker run --name oracle -p 1521:1521 -p 5500:5500 -v /Users/eygle/oradata:/opt/oracle/oradata oracle/database:12.2.0.1-ee

这个命令有几个主要参数：-p 指定端口映射，主机到Docker的端口对应；-v 指定数据库的对应存储路径，我指定了一个Docker之外的本地存储，将数据库独立出来。

完成这个命令，会在本地完成数据库的构建并启动数据库，同时输出告警日志的监控。

由于数据库缺省会指定用户口令，所以我们可以通过如下命令来修改口令：

docker exec oracle ./setPassword.sh youpassword

其他的必备命令是：

docker start oracle

docker stop oracle

docker logs oracle

docker ps

接下来就可以在 SQL Developer 里配置和连接这个数据库了：

当然如果你不想剥离数据库文件出来，也可以用类似以下命令来构建数据库：

docker run -p 1521:1521 --name eygle oracle/database:12.2.0.1-ee

想一想我们第一次安装数据库时的场景，再看看今天的简易程度，我们必须承认，技术在进步，学习越来越简单。Oracle 的今天越加开放和自由，乐趣会越来越多起来！

补充的知识FAQ：

1.Docker 的镜像在哪里

在MAC上，位于以下目录，用户换成你的就找到：

/Users/eygle/Library/Containers/com.docker.docker/Data/com.docker.driver.amd64-linux/Docker.qcow2

---

附录：以下是最后一个步骤，创建数据库的日志输出：

bogon:dockerfiles eygle$ docker run --name oracle -p 1521:1521 -p 5500:5500 -v /Users/eygle/oradata:/opt/oracle/oradata oracle/database:12.2.0.1-eeORACLE PASSWORD FOR SYS, SYSTEM AND PDBADMIN: 2fjRrW5zy8Y=1

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-MAY-2017 01:28:54

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/cfb8b54eab11/listener/alert/log.xmlListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - ProductionStart Date 17-MAY-2017 01:28:56Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 2 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /opt/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/cfb8b54eab11/listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521)))The listener supports no servicesThe command completed successfully[WARNING] [DBT-11209] Current available physical memory is less than the required physical memory (2,048MB) for creating the database.[WARNING] [DBT-10102] The listener configuration is not selected for the database. EM DB Express URL will not be accessible. CAUSE: The database should be registered with a listener in order to access the EM DB Express URL. ACTION: Select a listener to be registered or created with the database.Copying database files1% complete13% complete25% completeCreating and starting Oracle instance26% complete30% complete31% complete35% complete38% complete39% complete41% completeCompleting Database Creation42% complete43% complete44% complete46% complete47% complete50% completeCreating Pluggable Databases55% complete75% completeExecuting Post Configuration Actions100% completeLook at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed May 17 01:37:44 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> System altered.

SQL> Pluggable database altered.

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production#########################DATABASE IS READY TO USE!#########################The following output is now a tail of the alert.log:Completed: alter pluggable database ORCLPDB1 open2017-05-17T01:37:42.901045+00:00ORCLPDB1(3):CREATE SMALLFILE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf' SIZE 5M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTOORCLPDB1(3):Completed: CREATE SMALLFILE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf' SIZE 5M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTOORCLPDB1(3):ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"ORCLPDB1(3):Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE "USERS"2017-05-17T01:37:44.419029+00:00ALTER SYSTEM SET control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control01.ctl' SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ORCLPDB1 SAVE STATECompleted: ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ORCLPDB1 SAVE STATE

2017-05-17T01:47:17.595752+00:00ORCLPDB1(3):Resize operation completed for file# 10, old size 337920K, new size 358400K

2017-05-17T02:58:14.118529+00:00Warning: VKTM detected a backward time drift. Time drifts can result in unexpected behavior such as time-outs. Please see the VKTM trace file for more details:/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orclcdb/ORCLCDB/trace/ORCLCDB_vktm_1723.trc2017-05-17T03:07:19.070128+00:00Resize operation completed for file# 3, old size 471040K, new size 481280K

^CStopping container.SIGINT received, shutting down database!

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed May 17 04:06:49 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> 2017-05-17T04:06:49.354297+00:00Shutting down instance (immediate) (OS id: 3434)2017-05-17T04:06:51.079839+00:00Stopping background process SMCO2017-05-17T04:06:52.262508+00:00Shutting down instance: further logons disabled2017-05-17T04:06:52.290158+00:00Stopping background process CJQ0Stopping background process MMNL2017-05-17T04:06:53.432719+00:00Stopping background process MMON2017-05-17T04:06:53.671235+00:00OS process OFSD (ospid 1739) idle for 30 seconds, exiting2017-05-17T04:06:54.534515+00:00alter pluggable database all close immediate2017-05-17T04:06:54.578363+00:00ORCLPDB1(3):JIT: pid 3434 requesting stopPluggable database ORCLPDB1 closedCompleted: alter pluggable database all close immediatePDB$SEED(2):JIT: pid 3434 requesting stopLicense high water mark = 18Dispatchers and shared servers shutdown2017-05-17T04:06:56.956473+00:00ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMAL2017-05-17T04:06:57.038966+00:00Stopping Emon poolalter pluggable database all close immediateCompleted: alter pluggable database all close immediateStopping Emon pool2017-05-17T04:06:57.139148+00:00Shutting down archive processes2017-05-17T04:06:57.141700+00:00TT00: Gap Manager exiting (PID:1797)Database closed.Database dismounted.2017-05-17T04:06:58.151422+00:00Archiving is disabled2017-05-17T04:06:58.155611+00:00Thread 1 closed at log sequence 2Successful close of redo thread 12017-05-17T04:06:58.461910+00:00Completed: ALTER DATABASE CLOSE NORMALALTER DATABASE DISMOUNTShutting down archive processesArchiving is disabledCompleted: ALTER DATABASE DISMOUNT2017-05-17T04:06:59.516713+00:00ARCH: Archival disabled due to shutdown: 1089Shutting down archive processesArchiving is disabled2017-05-17T04:07:00.533039+00:00JIT: pid 3434 requesting stop2017-05-17T04:07:01.593570+00:00ARCH: Archival disabled due to shutdown: 1089Shutting down archive processesArchiving is disabledJIT: pid 3434 requesting stop2017-05-17T04:07:01.638769+00:00Stopping background process VKTMORACLE instance shut down.2017-05-17T04:07:12.390203+00:00Instance shutdown complete (OS id: 3434)SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-MAY-2017 04:07:15

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))The command completed successfully

参考文档：

https://sqlmaria.com/2017/04/27/oracle-database-12c-now-available-on-docker/

https://blogs.oracle.com/developer/creating-an-oracle-database-docker-image

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