.Net Core应用搭建的分布式邮件系统设计

正片环节 - 分布式邮件系统设计图

分布式邮件系统说明

其实由上图可以知晓这里我主要采用了Api+服务的模式，这也是现在互联网公司经常采用的一种搭配默认；利用api接受请求插入待发送邮件队列和入库，然后通过部署多个NetCore跨平台服务(这里服务指的是：控制台应用)来做分布式处理操作，跨平台服务主要操作有：

. 邮件发送

. 邮件发送状态的通知（如果需要通知子业务，那么需要通知业务方邮件发送的状态）

. 通知失败处理(自动往绑定的责任人发送一封邮件)

. 填充队列(如果待发邮件队列或者通知队列数据不完整，需要修复队列数据)

Api接口的统一验证入口

这里我用最简单的方式，继承Controller封装了一个父级的BaseController，来让各个api的Controller基础统一来做身份验证;来看看重写 public override voidOnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext context) 的验证代码：

 1 public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext context) 2         { 3             base.OnActionExecuting(context); 4  5             var moResponse = new MoBaseRp(); 6             try 7             { 8  9                 #region 安全性验证10 11                 var key = "request";12                 if (!context.ActionArguments.ContainsKey(key)) { moResponse.Msg = "请求方式不正确"; return; }13                 var request = context.ActionArguments[key];14                 var baseRq = request as MoBaseRq;15                 //暂时不验证登录账号密码16                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(baseRq.UserName) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(baseRq.UserPwd)) { moResponse.Msg = "登录账号或密码不能为空"; return; }17                 else if (baseRq.AccId <= 0) { moResponse.Msg = "发送者Id无效"; return; }18                 else if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(baseRq.FuncName)) { moResponse.Msg = "业务方法名不正确"; return; }19 20                 //token验证21                 var strToken = PublicClass._Md5($"{baseRq.UserName}{baseRq.AccId}", "");22                 if (!strToken.Equals(baseRq.Token, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { moResponse.Msg = "Token验证失败"; return; }23 24                 //验证发送者Id25                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(baseRq.Ip))26                 {27                     var account = _db.EmailAccount.SingleOrDefault(b => b.Id == baseRq.AccId);28                     if (account == null) { moResponse.Msg = "发送者Id无效。"; return; }29                     else30                     {31                         if (account.Status != (int)EnumHelper.EmStatus.启用)32                         {33                             moResponse.Msg = "发送者Id已禁用"; return;34                         }35 36                         //验证ip37                         var ipArr = account.AllowIps.Split(new char[] { ',' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);38                         //当前请求的Ip39                         var nowIp = this.GetUserIp();40                         baseRq.Ip = nowIp;41                         //默认*为所有ip , 匹配ip42                         if (!ipArr.Any(b => b.Equals("*")) && !ipArr.Any(b => b.Equals(nowIp)))43                         {44                             moResponse.Msg = "请求IP为授权"; return;45                         }46                     }47                 }48                 else49                 {50                     var account = _db.EmailAccount.SingleOrDefault(b => b.Id == baseRq.AccId && b.AllowIps.Any(bb => bb.Equals(baseRq.Ip)));51                     if (account == null) { moResponse.Msg = "发送者未授权"; return; }52                     else if (account.Status != (int)EnumHelper.EmStatus.启用)53                     {54                         moResponse.Msg = "发送者Id已禁用"; return;55                     }56                 }57 58                 //内容非空，格式验证59                 if (!context.ModelState.IsValid)60                 {61                     var values = context.ModelState.Values.Where(b => b.Errors.Count > 0);62                     if (values.Count() > 0)63                     {64                         moResponse.Msg = values.First().Errors.First().ErrorMessage;65                         return;66                     }67                 }68 69                 #endregion70 71                 moResponse.Status = 1;72             }73             catch (Exception ex)74             {75                 moResponse.Msg = "O No请求信息错误";76             }77             finally78             {79                 if (moResponse.Status == 0) { context.Result = Json(moResponse); }80             }81         }

邮件请求父类实体：

 1 /// <summary> 2     /// 邮件请求父类 3     /// </summary> 4     public class MoBaseRq 5     { 6  7         public string UserName { get; set; } 8  9         public string UserPwd { get; set; }10 11         /// <summary>12         /// 验证token（Md5(账号+配置发送者账号信息的Id+Ip)）   必填13         /// </summary>14         public string Token { get; set; }15 16         /// <summary>17         /// 配置发送者账号信息的Id  必填18         /// </summary>19         public int AccId { get; set; }20 21         /// <summary>22         /// 业务方法名称23         /// </summary>24         public string FuncName { get; set; }25 26         /// <summary>27         /// 请求者Ip，如果客户端没赋值，默认服务端获取28         /// </summary>29         public string Ip { get; set; }30 31     }

第三方Nuget包的便利

此邮件系统使用到了第三方包，这也能够看出有很多朋友正为开源，便利，NetCore的推广努力着；

首先看看MailKit(邮件发送)包，通过安装下载命令： Install-Package MailKit 能够下载最新包，然后你不需要做太花哨的分装，只需要正对于邮件发送的服务器，端口，账号，密码做一些设置基本就行了，如果可以您可以直接使用我的代码：

 1 /// <summary> 2         /// 发送邮件 3         /// </summary> 4         /// <param name="dicToEmail"></param> 5         /// <param name="title"></param> 6         /// <param name="content"></param> 7         /// <param name="name"></param> 8         /// <param name="fromEmail"></param> 9         /// <returns></returns>10         public static bool _SendEmail(11             Dictionary<string, string> dicToEmail,12             string title, string content,13             string name = "爱留图网", string fromEmail = "[e-mail]",14             string host = "smtp.qq.com", int port = 587,15             string userName = "[e-mail]", string userPwd = "123123")16         {17             var isOk = false;18             try19             {20                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(title) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(content)) { return isOk; }21 22                 //设置基本信息23                 var message = new MimeMessage();24                 message.From.Add(new MailboxAddress(name, fromEmail));25                 foreach (var item in dicToEmail.Keys)26                 {27                     message.To.Add(new MailboxAddress(item, dicToEmail[item]));28                 }29                 message.Subject = title;30                 message.Body = new TextPart("html")31                 {32                     Text = content33                 };34 35                 //链接发送36                 using (var client = new SmtpClient())37                 {38                     // For demo-purposes, accept all SSL certificates (in case the server supports STARTTLS)39                     client.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = (s, c, h, e) => true;40 41                     //采用qq邮箱服务器发送邮件42                     client.Connect(host, port, false);43 44                     // Note: since we don't have an OAuth2 token, disable45                     // the XOAUTH2 authentication mechanism.46                     client.AuthenticationMechanisms.Remove("XOAUTH2");47 48                     //qq邮箱，密码(安全设置短信获取后的密码)  ufiaszkkulbabejh49                     client.Authenticate(userName, userPwd);50 51                     client.Send(message);52                     client.Disconnect(true);53                 }54                 isOk = true;55             }56             catch (Exception ex)57             {58 59             }60             return isOk;61         }

Redis方面的操作包StackExchange.Redis，现在NetCore支持很多数据库驱动（例如：Sqlserver，mysql，postgressql，db2等）这么用可以参考下这篇文章AspNetCore - MVC实战系列（一）之Sqlserver表映射实体模型，不仅如此还支持很多缓存服务（如：Memorycach，Redis），这里讲到的就是Redis，我利用Redis的list的队列特性来做分布式任务存储，尽管目前我用到的只有一个主Redis服务还没有业务场景需要用到主从复制等功能；这里分享的代码是基于StackExchange.Redis基础上封装对于string，list的操作：

  1   public class StackRedis : IDisposable  2     {  3         #region 配置属性   基于 StackExchange.Redis 封装  4         //连接串 （注：IP:端口,属性=,属性=)  5         public string _ConnectionString = "127.0.0.1:6377,password=shenniubuxing3";  6         //操作的库（注：默认0库）  7         public int _Db = 0;  8         #endregion  9  10         #region 管理器对象 11  12         /// <summary> 13         /// 获取redis操作类对象 14         /// </summary> 15         private static StackRedis _StackRedis; 16         private static object _locker_StackRedis = new object(); 17         public static StackRedis Current 18         { 19             get 20             { 21                 if (_StackRedis == null) 22                 { 23                     lock (_locker_StackRedis) 24                     { 25                         _StackRedis = _StackRedis ?? new StackRedis(); 26                         return _StackRedis; 27                     } 28                 } 29  30                 return _StackRedis; 31             } 32         } 33  34         /// <summary> 35         /// 获取并发链接管理器对象 36         /// </summary> 37         private static ConnectionMultiplexer _redis; 38         private static object _locker = new object(); 39         public ConnectionMultiplexer Manager 40         { 41             get 42             { 43                 if (_redis == null) 44                 { 45                     lock (_locker) 46                     { 47                         _redis = _redis ?? GetManager(this._ConnectionString); 48                         return _redis; 49                     } 50                 } 51  52                 return _redis; 53             } 54         } 55  56         /// <summary> 57         /// 获取链接管理器 58         /// </summary> 59         /// <param name="connectionString"></param> 60         /// <returns></returns> 61         public ConnectionMultiplexer GetManager(string connectionString) 62         { 63             return ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(connectionString); 64         } 65  66         /// <summary> 67         /// 获取操作数据库对象 68         /// </summary> 69         /// <returns></returns> 70         public IDatabase GetDb() 71         { 72             return Manager.GetDatabase(_Db); 73         } 74         #endregion 75  76         #region 操作方法 77  78         #region string 操作 79  80         /// <summary> 81         /// 根据Key移除 82         /// </summary> 83         /// <param name="key"></param> 84         /// <returns></returns> 85         public async Task<bool> Remove(string key) 86         { 87             var db = this.GetDb(); 88  89             return await db.KeyDeleteAsync(key); 90         } 91  92         /// <summary> 93         /// 根据key获取string结果 94         /// </summary> 95         /// <param name="key"></param> 96         /// <returns></returns> 97         public async Task<string> Get(string key) 98         { 99             var db = this.GetDb();100             return await db.StringGetAsync(key);101         }102 103         /// <summary>104         /// 根据key获取string中的对象105         /// </summary>106         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>107         /// <param name="key"></param>108         /// <returns></returns>109         public async Task<T> Get<T>(string key)110         {111             var t = default(T);112             try113             {114                 var _str = await this.Get(key);115                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_str)) { return t; }116 117                 t = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(_str);118             }119             catch (Exception ex) { }120             return t;121         }122 123         /// <summary>124         /// 存储string数据125         /// </summary>126         /// <param name="key"></param>127         /// <param name="value"></param>128         /// <param name="expireMinutes"></param>129         /// <returns></returns>130         public async Task<bool> Set(string key, string value, int expireMinutes = 0)131         {132             var db = this.GetDb();133             if (expireMinutes > 0)134             {135                 return db.StringSet(key, value, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(expireMinutes));136             }137             return await db.StringSetAsync(key, value);138         }139 140         /// <summary>141         /// 存储对象数据到string142         /// </summary>143         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>144         /// <param name="key"></param>145         /// <param name="value"></param>146         /// <param name="expireMinutes"></param>147         /// <returns></returns>148         public async Task<bool> Set<T>(string key, T value, int expireMinutes = 0)149         {150             try151             {152                 var jsonOption = new JsonSerializerSettings()153                 {154                     ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore155                 };156                 var _str = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value, jsonOption);157                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_str)) { return false; }158 159                 return await this.Set(key, _str, expireMinutes);160             }161             catch (Exception ex) { }162             return false;163         }164         #endregion165 166         #region List操作（注：可以当做队列使用）167 168         /// <summary>169         /// list长度170         /// </summary>171         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>172         /// <param name="key"></param>173         /// <returns></returns>174         public async Task<long> GetListLen<T>(string key)175         {176             try177             {178                 var db = this.GetDb();179                 return await db.ListLengthAsync(key);180             }181             catch (Exception ex) { }182             return 0;183         }184 185         /// <summary>186         /// 获取队列出口数据并移除187         /// </summary>188         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>189         /// <param name="key"></param>190         /// <returns></returns>191         public async Task<T> GetListAndPop<T>(string key)192         {193             var t = default(T);194             try195             {196                 var db = this.GetDb();197                 var _str = await db.ListRightPopAsync(key);198                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_str)) { return t; }199                 t = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(_str);200             }201             catch (Exception ex) { }202             return t;203         }204 205         /// <summary>206         /// 集合对象添加到list左边207         /// </summary>208         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>209         /// <param name="key"></param>210         /// <param name="values"></param>211         /// <returns></returns>212         public async Task<long> SetLists<T>(string key, List<T> values)213         {214             var result = 0L;215             try216             {217                 var jsonOption = new JsonSerializerSettings()218                 {219                     ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore220                 };221                 var db = this.GetDb();222                 foreach (var item in values)223                 {224                     var _str = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item, jsonOption);225                     result += await db.ListLeftPushAsync(key, _str);226                 }227                 return result;228             }229             catch (Exception ex) { }230             return result;231         }232 233         /// <summary>234         /// 单个对象添加到list左边235         /// </summary>236         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>237         /// <param name="key"></param>238         /// <param name="value"></param>239         /// <returns></returns>240         public async Task<long> SetList<T>(string key, T value)241         {242             var result = 0L;243             try244             {245                 result = await this.SetLists(key, new List<T> { value });246             }247             catch (Exception ex) { }248             return result;249         }250 251 252         #endregion253 254         #region 额外扩展255 256         /// <summary>257         /// 手动回收管理器对象258         /// </summary>259         public void Dispose()260         {261             this.Dispose(_redis);262         }263 264         public void Dispose(ConnectionMultiplexer con)265         {266             if (con != null)267             {268                 con.Close();269                 con.Dispose();270             }271         }272 273         #endregion274 275         #endregion276     }

用到Redis的那些操作就添加哪些就行了，也不用太花哨能用就行；