新路程----linux framebuffer显示图片c程序

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#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <linux/fb.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>


//14byte文件头
typedef struct
{
    char    cfType[2];//文件类型,"BM"(0x4D42)
    int     cfSize;//文件大小(字节)
    int cfReserved;//保留,值为0
    int     cfoffBits;//数据区相对于文件头的偏移量(字节)
}__attribute__((packed)) BITMAPFILEHEADER;
//__attribute__((packed))的作用是告诉编译器取消结构在编译过程中的优化对齐


//40byte信息头
typedef struct
{
    char ciSize[4];//BITMAPFILEHEADER所占的字节数
    int  ciWidth;//宽度
    int  ciHeight;//高度
    char ciPlanes[2];//目标设备的位平面数,值为1
    int  ciBitCount;//每个像素的位数
    char ciCompress[4];//压缩说明
    char ciSizeImage[4];//用字节表示的图像大小,该数据必须是4的倍数
    char ciXPelsPerMeter[4];//目标设备的水平像素数/米
    char ciYPelsPerMeter[4];//目标设备的垂直像素数/米
    char ciClrUsed[4]; //位图使用调色板的颜色数
    char ciClrImportant[4]; //指定重要的颜色数,当该域的值等于颜色数时(或者等于0时),表示所有颜色都一样重要
}__attribute__((packed)) BITMAPINFOHEADER;


typedef struct
{
    unsigned char blue;
    unsigned char green;
    unsigned char red;
    unsigned char reserved;
}__attribute__((packed)) PIXEL;//颜色模式RGB


BITMAPFILEHEADER FileHead;
BITMAPINFOHEADER InfoHead;


static char *fbp = 0;
static int xres = 0;
static int yres = 0;
static int bits_per_pixel = 0;
int width, height;


int show_bmp();
int fbfd = 0;


static void fb_update(struct fb_var_screeninfo *vi)   //将要渲染的图形缓冲区的内容绘制到设备显示屏来
{  
    vi->yoffset = 1;  
    ioctl(fbfd, FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO, vi);  
    vi->yoffset = 0;  
    ioctl(fbfd, FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO, vi);  
}  


static int cursor_bitmap_format_convert(char *dst,char *src)//由于倒叙,也就是当前buffer的最后一行是新buffer的第一行
{
    int i ,j ;
    char *psrc = src ;
    char *pdst = dst;
    char *p = psrc;


    /* 由于bmp存储是从后面往前面,所以需要倒序进行转换 */
    pdst += (width * height * 3);
    for(i=0;i<height;i++){
        p = psrc + (i+1) * width * 3;
        for(j=0;j<width;j++){
            pdst -= 3;
            p -= 3;
            pdst[0] = p[0];
            pdst[1] = p[1];
            pdst[2] = p[2];
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


int show_bmp(char *path)
{
    int i;
    FILE *fp;
    int rc;
    int line_x, line_y;
    long int location = 0, BytesPerLine = 0;
    char *bmp_buf = NULL;
    char *bmp_buf_dst = NULL;
    char * buf = NULL;
    int flen = 0;
    int ret = -1;
    int total_length = 0;


    printf("into show_bmp function\n");
    if(path == NULL)
    {
        printf("path Error,return\n");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("path = %s\n", path);
    fp = fopen( path, "rb" );
    if(fp == NULL){
        printf("load cursor file open failed\n");
        return -1;
    }


    /* 求解文件长度 */
    fseek(fp,0,SEEK_SET);
    fseek(fp,0,SEEK_END);


    flen = ftell(fp);
    printf("flen is %d\n",flen);


    bmp_buf = (char*)calloc(1,flen - 54);
    if(bmp_buf == NULL){
        printf("load > malloc bmp out of memory!\n");
        return -1;
    }


    /* 再移位到文件头部 */
    fseek(fp,0,SEEK_SET);


    rc = fread(&FileHead, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),1, fp);
    if ( rc != 1)
    {
        printf("read header error!\n");
        fclose( fp );
        return( -2 );
    }


    //检测是否是bmp图像
    if (memcmp(FileHead.cfType, "BM", 2) != 0)
    {
        printf("it's not a BMP file\n");
        fclose( fp );
        return( -3 );
    }
    rc = fread( (char *)&InfoHead, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),1, fp );
    if ( rc != 1)
    {
        printf("read infoheader error!\n");
        fclose( fp );
        return( -4 );
    }
    width = InfoHead.ciWidth;
    height = InfoHead.ciHeight;
//位图数据记录了位图的每一个像素值,记录顺序是在扫描行内是从左到右,扫描行之间是从下到上。位图的一个像素值所占的字节数:
//当biBitCount=24时,1个像素占3个字节,按顺序分别为B,G,R;
//biSizeImage = ((((bi.biWidth * bi.biBitCount) + 31) & ~31) / 8) * bi.biHeight;
    printf("FileHead.cfSize =%d byte\n",FileHead.cfSize);
    printf("flen = %d\n", flen);
    printf("width = %d, height = %d\n", width, height);


   total_length = width * height *3;


    printf("total_length = %d\n", total_length);


    //跳转的数据区
    fseek(fp, FileHead.cfoffBits, SEEK_SET);
    printf(" FileHead.cfoffBits = %d\n",  FileHead.cfoffBits);
    printf(" InfoHead.ciBitCount = %d\n",  InfoHead.ciBitCount);    


    //每行字节数
    buf = bmp_buf;
    while ((ret = fread(buf,1,total_length,fp)) >= 0) {
        if (ret == 0) {
            usleep(100);
            continue;
        }
        printf("total_length=%ld,ret = %ld\n", total_length,ret);
        buf = ((char*) buf) + ret;
        total_length = total_length - ret;
        if(total_length == 0)
            break;
    }


    ///重新计算,很重要!!
    total_length = width * height *3; //由于biBitCount=24,所以一个像素是rgb三色占据了3个byte,所以总的数据大小是长宽*3
    bmp_buf_dst = (char*)calloc(1,total_length );
    if(bmp_buf_dst == NULL){
        printf("load > malloc bmp out of memory!\n");
        return -1;
    }


    cursor_bitmap_format_convert(bmp_buf_dst, bmp_buf);
    if(total_length <1536000)//要注意buffer的大小,不要出现越界
    {
    memcpy(fbp,bmp_buf_dst,total_length);
    }else
    {
    memcpy(fbp,bmp_buf_dst,1536000);
    }


    free(bmp_buf);
    free(bmp_buf_dst);


    fclose(fp);
    printf("show logo return 0\n");
    return 0;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int show_picture(int fd, char *path)
{
    struct fb_var_screeninfo vinfo;
    struct fb_fix_screeninfo finfo;
    long int screensize = 0;
    struct fb_bitfield red;
    struct fb_bitfield green;
    struct fb_bitfield blue;


    //打开显示设备
    fbfd = fd;          //open("/dev/graphics/fb0", O_RDWR);
    printf("fbfd = %d\n", fbfd);
    if (fbfd == -1)
    {
        //printf("Error opening frame buffer errno=%d (%s)\n",errno, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }


    if (ioctl(fbfd, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, &finfo))
    {
        //printf("Error:reading fixed information.\n");
        return -1;
    }


    if (ioctl(fbfd, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &vinfo))
    {
        //printf("Error: reading variable information.\n");
        return -1;
    }


    //printf("R:%x ;G:%d ;B:%d \n", (int)vinfo.red, vinfo.green, vinfo.blue );
    //printf("%dx%d, %dbpp\n", vinfo.xres, vinfo.yres, vinfo.bits_per_pixel );


    xres = vinfo.xres;
    yres = vinfo.yres;
    bits_per_pixel = vinfo.bits_per_pixel;


    //计算屏幕的总大小(字节)
    screensize = vinfo.xres * vinfo.yres * vinfo.bits_per_pixel / 8;
    printf("vinfo.xres=%d,vinfo.yres=%d,vinfo.bits_per_pixel=%ld,screensize=%ld byte\n",vinfo.xres,vinfo.yres,vinfo.bits_per_pixel,screensize);


    //对象映射
    fbp = (char *)mmap(0, screensize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fbfd, 0);
    if (fbp == (char *)-1)
    {
        printf("Error: failed to map framebuffer device to memory.\n");
        return -1;
    }


    printf("sizeof file header=%ld\n", sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)); //ok


    //显示图像
    show_bmp(path);


    ///在屏幕上显示多久
   sleep(1000);


  //fb_update(&vinfo);


    //删除对象映射
    munmap(fbp, screensize);


    return 0;
}


int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    int fbfd = 0;
    char* picname=NULL;
 if(argc != 2)
    {
        printf("Error: please enter picture name .\n"); 
    goto done;    
    }
    picname = argv[1];
    
    fbfd = open("/dev/fb0", O_RDWR);  
    if (!fbfd)  
    {  
        printf("Error: cannot open framebuffer device.\n");  
        exit(1);  
    } 
    show_picture(fbfd, picname);


    close(fbfd);
    done: exit(0);

}


记住两点:1.一定要格式对应的文件,也就是像素和屏幕xy一样的图片才能正常显示

                     2.要注意bpp和InfoHead.ciBitCount要对应起来,不能一个32一个24,这个尤其要注意,制作bmp文件的工具在我的下载中(32bpp只有微软用,而且前8位是透明色)

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