ios GCD

来源:互联网 发布:全民k歌软件 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/06 09:46

因为GCD有很多好处啊,具体如下:

  • GCD可用于多核的并行运算
  • GCD会自动利用更多的CPU内核(比如双核、四核)
  • GCD会自动管理线程的生命周期(创建线程、调度任务、销毁线程)
  • 程序员只需要告诉GCD想要执行什么任务,不需要编写任何线程管理代码
    • 同步执行(sync):只能在当前线程中执行任务,不具备开启新线程的能力
    • 异步执行(async):可以在新的线程中执行任务,具备开启新线程的能力
      • 并发队列(Concurrent Dispatch Queue):可以让多个任务并发(同时)执行(自动开启多个线程同时执行任务)
        • 并发功能只有在异步(dispatch_async)函数下才有效
      • 串行队列(Serial Dispatch Queue):让任务一个接着一个地执行(一个任务执行完毕后,再执行下一个任务)

      GCD的使用步骤其实很简单,只有两步。

      1. 创建一个队列(串行队列或并发队列)
      2. 将任务添加到队列中,然后系统就会根据任务类型执行任务(同步执行或异步执行) 并发队列串行队列主队列同步(sync)没有开启新线程,串行执行任务没有开启新线程,串行执行任务没有开启新线程,串行执行任务异步(async)有开启新线程,并发执行任务有开启新线程(1条),串行执行任务没有开启新线程,串行执行任务并发队列+同步执行
        - (void) syncConcurrent{    NSLog(@"syncConcurrent---begin");    dispatch_queue_t queue= dispatch_queue_create("test.queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"1------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"2------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"3------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    NSLog(@"syncConcurrent---end");}
      3. begin 11 22 33 end  主线程中执行 一个一个执行
      4. 并发队列+异步执行
      5. - (void) asyncConcurrent{    NSLog(@"asyncConcurrent---begin");    dispatch_queue_t queue= dispatch_queue_create("test.queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"1------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"2------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"3------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    NSLog(@"asyncConcurrent---end");}

      6. begin end 123 123 主线程 又开辟了3条线程 交替同时执行
      7. 串行队列 + 同步执行
      8. - (void) syncSerial{    NSLog(@"syncSerial---begin");    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test.queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"1------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });        dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"2------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"3------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    NSLog(@"syncSerial---end");}

      9. begin 11 22 33 end 主线程中执行 没开辟新的线程
      10. 串行队列 + 异步执行
      11. - (void) asyncSerial{    NSLog(@"asyncSerial---begin");    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("test.queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"1------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });        dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"2------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"3------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    NSLog(@"asyncSerial---end");}

      12. begin end 11 22 33 开辟了一条线程
      13. 主队列 + 同步执行
      14. - (void)syncMain{    NSLog(@"syncMain---begin");    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"1------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"2------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"3------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });       NSLog(@"syncMain---end");

      15. begin 线程阻塞
      16. 主队列+异步执行
      17. - (void)asyncMain{    NSLog(@"asyncMain---begin");    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"1------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });        dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"2------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {            NSLog(@"3------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }    });      NSLog(@"asyncMain---end");}

      18. begin end 11 22 33 开辟线程的能力
      19. 线程间通信 主线程UI刷新(点击、滚动、拖拽等)其他线程耗时操作(图片下载、文件上传)
      20. dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {        NSLog(@"1------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }    // 回到主线程    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{        NSLog(@"2-------%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    });}); 11 2

      21. 栅栏方法 分割操作组
      22.  (void)barrier{    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("12312312", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        NSLog(@"----1-----%@", [NSThread currentThread]);    });    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        NSLog(@"----2-----%@", [NSThread currentThread]);    });    dispatch_barrier_async(queue, ^{        NSLog(@"----barrier-----%@", [NSThread currentThread]);    });    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        NSLog(@"----3-----%@", [NSThread currentThread]);    });    dispatch_async(queue, ^{        NSLog(@"----4-----%@", [NSThread currentThread]);    });} 12 barrier 34

      23. 延时执行方法
      24. dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(2.0 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{    // 2秒后异步执行这里的代码...   NSLog(@"run-----");});

      25. 只执行一次 单例
      26. static dispatch_once_t onceToken;dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{    // 只执行1次的代码(这里面默认是线程安全的)});

      27. 快速迭代方法 可以便利多个数字
      28. dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);dispatch_apply(6, queue, ^(size_t index) {    NSLog(@"%zd------%@",index, [NSThread currentThread]);});102435

      29. 队列组 两个耗时操作 执行完回到主线程
      30. dispatch_group_t group =  dispatch_group_create();dispatch_group_async(group, dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{    // 执行1个耗时的异步操作});dispatch_group_async(group, dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{    // 执行1个耗时的异步操作});dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{    // 等前面的异步操作都执行完毕后,回到主线程...});