Diagnosing Oracle memory on HP using GLANCE

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大家在监控主机的时候，发现内存剩余很少，就担心，特别使用了网管软件，发现报警就担心，其实各种操作系统在使用内存的时候是都不一样的，下面我把aix下怎么监控内存使用给大家转载一篇文章，是oracle知识库里比较经典的一篇介绍hp下监控内存的。

Monitoring Oracle Memory usage on HP
-----------------------------

Hp's "glance" utility can be found in /opt/perf/bin
This is a add on so it may need to be installed

To launch glance do the following:

/opt/perf/bin> ./glance

For this example we are looking at the PMON process for Oracle pid=3691*

when glance is launched we see the PROCESS LIST screen:

PROCESS LIST Users= 3
User CPU Util Cum Disk Block
Process Name PID PPID Pri Name ( 200% max) CPU IO Rate RSS On
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora_pmon_L8 24346 1 156 lsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 41.8mb OTHER
ora_pmon_R8 3691 * 1 156 rsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 5.4mb SEM
ora_pmon_T8 22471 1 156 tsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 5.6mb SEM
ora_pmon_V8 15321 1 156 usupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.1 0.0/ 0.0 5.8mb SEM
ora_pmon_X7 11970 1 156 xsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 5.4mb SEM
ora_pmon_X8 5666 1 156 xsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 5.6mb SEM
ora_pmon_X8 26978 1 156 xsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 4.8mb SEM
ora_qmn0_V8 15343 1 156 usupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 3.1mb SEM
ora_reco_L7 21296 1 156 lsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 9.4mb OTHER
ora_reco_L8 24356 1 156 lsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 32.1mb OTHER
ora_reco_R7 5501 1 156 rsupport 0.0/ 0.0 0.0 0.0/ 0.0 12.7mb OTHER
Page 3 of 7

1)We can see that this process has a RSS(resident set size) of 5.4m
actual memory used.

To focus in on the 3691 PMON process type in "s" then supply the process id

Resources PID: 3691, ora_pmon_R817 PPID: 1 euid:1040 User: rsupport
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CPU Usage (sec) : 0.00 Log Reads : 0 Rem Log Rds/Wts: 0/ 0
User/Nice/RT CPU: 0.00 Log Writes: 0 Rem Phy Rds/Wts: 0/ 0
System CPU : 0.00 Phy Reads : 0
Interrupt CPU : 0.00 Phy Writes: 0 Total RSS/VSS : 5.4mb/ 25.9mb
Cont Switch CPU : 0.00 FS Reads : 0 Traps / Vfaults: 0/ 0
Scheduler : HPUX FS Writes : 0 Faults Mem/Disk: 0/ 0
Priority : 156 VM Reads : 0 Deactivations : 0
Nice Value : 20 VM Writes : 0 Forks & Vforks : 0
Dispatches : 2 Sys Reads : 0 Signals Recd : 2
Forced CSwitch : 0 Sys Writes: 0 Mesg Sent/Recd : 0/ 0
VoluntaryCSwitch: 2 Raw Reads : 0 Other Log Rd/Wt: 0/ 0
Running CPU : 0 Raw Writes: 0 Other Phy Rd/Wt: 0/ 0
CPU Switches : 0 Bytes Xfer: 0kb Proc Start Time
C - cum/interval toggle % - pct/absolute togglev 13 10:25:19Page 1 of 1

To see the memory mapping of process 3691 (PMON)

type in "M" then enter 3691 for the id

Memory Regions PID: 3691, ora_pmon_R817 PPID: 1 euid:1040 User: rsupport

Type RefCt RSS VSS Locked Virtual Address File Name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEXT /S 9 10.0mb 16.0mb 0kb 0x0dd7d400.0x00001000 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01
DATA /P 1 1.8mb 2.1mb 0kb 0x08188000.0x40001000 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01
MEMMAP/P 1 4kb 4kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7aff6000 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01
MEMMAP/P 1 4kb 20kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7aff7000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
MEMMAP/P 1 8kb 8kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7affc000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
MEMMAP/P 1 12kb 12kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7affe000 <mmap>
MEMMAP/P 1 12kb 16kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7b001000 <mmap>
MEMMAP/P 1 4kb 4kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7b005000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
MEMMAP/P 1 12kb 16kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7b006000 <mmap>
MEMMAP/P 1 40kb 44kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7b00a000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
MEMMAP/P 1 60kb 136kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7b015000 <mmap>
MEMMAP/P 1 12kb 12kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7b037000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
STACK /P 1 20kb 20kb 0kb 0x08188000.0x7b03a000 <stack>
UAREA /P 1 16kb 16kb 0kb 0x09489800.0x7ffe6000 <uarea>
LIBTXT/S 150 56kb 60kb 0kb 0x00000000.0xc0003000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
LIBTXT/S 95 1.2mb 1.4mb 0kb 0x00000000.0xc0012000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg
LIBTXT/S 150 4kb 4kb 0kb 0x00000000.0xc0177000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
LIBTXT/S 115 440kb 440kb 0kb 0x00000000.0xc054a000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
LIBTXT/S 55 72kb 76kb 0kb 0x00000000.0xc06d4000 <reg,vxfs,/usr,/dev/vg0
LIBTXT/S 9 4kb 8kb 0kb 0x00000000.0xc2b8e000 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01
SHMEM /S 9 2.6mb 5.5mb 0kb 0x00000000.0xc9de8000 <shmem>
0/lvol9,inode:20151>
Text RSS/VSS: 10mb/ 16mb Data RSS/VSS:1.8mb/2.1mb Stack RSS/VSS: 20kb/ 20kb
Shmem RSS/VSS:2.6mb/5.5mb Other RSS/VSS:2.0mb/2.2mb

We can see that for this process, it did allocate:

a. 16MB for TEXT or code area. Code area is shared on HP.
b. 2.1MB for DATA or PGA area. This area is private to the process
c. 5.5MB for SHMEM or Shared Memory). This area is shared by all Oracle processes.
d. 20KB for Stack. This area is private to the process
e. 2.2MB for Other. This area is mostly reflect swap space (MEMMAP)

Further, the total RSS(real memory) used by this process is 16.42Mb, and
it did allocate use a total of 25.80MB VSS(virtual memory).

To see open files used by the PMON process
type "F"

Open Files PID: 3691, ora_pmon_R817 PPID: 1 euid:1040 User: rsupport
Open Open
FD File Name Type Mode Count Offset
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 /dev/null chr read 3 0
1 /dev/null chr read 3 0
2 /dev/null chr read 3 0
3 /dev/null chr read 16 0
4 /dev/null chr read 16 0
5 /dev/null chr read 2 0
6 /dev/null chr read 8 0
7 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01/lvol2,inode:448002> reg write 6 6916
8 /dev/null chr read 2 0
9 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01/lvol2,inode:436861> reg rd/wr 8 1254
10 inet,tcp,*:3389 -> (any:0) socket rd/wr 8
11 /dev/null chr read 1 0
12 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01/lvol2,inode:448002> reg write 1 6940
13 inet,tcp,*:3390 -> (any:0) socket rd/wr 1 0
14 <reg,ufs,/u04,/dev/vg01/lvol2,inode:332814> reg read 1 2078

UNIX files are attached to a inode number and you can find the file name via the inode:

ncheck -i <i-node_number> <volume_name>
find <file_system_associated_with_lv_name> -xdev -inum <inode_number> -print

Determining memory usage for shadow processes is more
complicated since the amount of memory used can change greatly
from one moment to the next depending on what the user is doing.

To get a good estimate of memory used for shadow processes,
run the "ps -flp <pid>"
command repeatedly at regular intervals while the process is under
peak load to get an average value. Take this value and
multiply it by the number of expected users to estimate how
much memory will be needed on the system.

GlancePlus Commands Menu
? - Commands Menu b - Page Backward (or -) < - Display Previous Screen
! - Invoke Shell f - Page Forward (or +,space) > - Display Next Logical Scr
h - Online Help q - exit (or e ) z - Reset Statistics to Zero
p - Print Toggle r - Refresh Screen (or ^L) <cr>- Update Current Screen
j - Adjust Interval o - Process Threshold Options A - Application List
g - Process List d - Disk Report P - PRM Group List
a - CPU By Processor i - IO By File System Y - Global System Calls
c - CPU Report u - IO By Disk F - Process Open Files
m - Memory Report v - IO By Logical Volume M - Process Memory Regions
t - System Tables N - NFS Global Activity R - Process Resources
w - Swap Space n - NFS By System W - Process Wait States
B - Global Waits l - Network By Interface L - Process System Calls
D - DCE Global K - DCE Process List E - Process DCE
T - Trans Tracking s - Select Process O - Process DCE Ops
H - Alarm History S - Select Disk/NFS/Appl/Trans y - Renice Process

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