nginx相关软件
nginx-1.10.1
http://nginx.org/en/download.html
nginx清除缓存模块 ngx_cache_purge-2.3
http://labs.frickle.com/nginx_ngx_cache_purge/
pcre-8.36
https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.36/
zlib库
http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
FastDFS相关软件
FastDFS_v5.08
https://sourceforge.net/projects/fastdfs/files/FastDFS%20Server%20Source%20Code/stats/timeline
或者https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs
FastDFS Nginx Module 1.16
http://sourceforge.net/projects/fastdfs/files/FastDFS%20Nginx%20Module%20Source%20Code/
或者https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module
libfastcommon
https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon
其中github上的代码是最新的,sourceforge上不一定是最新的,当前FastDFS版本为5.08。
tracker的安装与配置
以下操作是在 tracker 10.10.10.80上操作。
通过rz工具或者FileZilla,把软件上传到Ubuntu的/usr/local/src目录下。
安装libfastcommon
root@tracker:/usr/local/srcroot@tracker:/usr/local/srcroot@tracker:/usr/local/src/libfastcommon-masterHISTORY INSTALL libfastcommon.spec make.sh php-fastcommon README srcroot@tracker:/usr/local/src/libfastcommon-masterroot@tracker:/usr/local/src/libfastcommon-master
安装FastDFS (FastDFS_v5.08.tar.gz)
root@tracker:/usr/local/srcroot@tracker:/usr/local/srcroot@tracker:/usr/local/src/FastDFSroot@tracker:/usr/local/src/FastDFS
到这里FastDFS在 tracker上安装完成,所有的可执行文件位于 /usr/bin 目录下,以fdfs开头的文件:
root@tracker:~$ ll /usr/bin/fdfs_*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 379725 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_appender_test*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 375174 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_appender_test1*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 356800 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_append_file*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 356994 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_crc32*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 356827 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_delete_file*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 357754 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_download_file*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 357928 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_file_info*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 377621 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_monitor*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1313605 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_storaged*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 389327 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_test*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 387896 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_test1*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 539675 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 357728 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_appender*-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 363268 Jun 16 19:25 /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file*
所有的配置文件在 /etc/fdfs/ 目录下:
root@tracker:~$ ll /etc/fdfs/total 28drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:33 ./drwxr-xr-x 117 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:44 ../-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1463 Jun 16 19:32 client.conf.sample-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7927 Jun 16 19:25 storage.conf.sample-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7202 Jun 16 19:33 tracker.conf.sample
配置
①进入到 /etc/fdfs 目录下,将tracker.conf.sample重命名为tracker.conf。
root@tracker:/etc/fdfs
②创建数据文件和日志文件目录
root@tracker:/etc/fdfsmkdir: 已创建目录 "/data"mkdir: 已创建目录 "/data/fastdfs"mkdir: 已创建目录 "/data/fastdfs/tracker"
③编辑 tracker.conf 文件,测试的时候只需要修改以下参数即可
disabled=false port=22122 base_path=/data/fastdfs/tracker http.server_port=8888 这个http.server_port=8888 指的是在tracker服务器上启动http服务进程,如:apache或者nginx 启动时所监听的端口
运行
直接使用 fdfs_trackerd 来启动tracker进程,然后使用netstat 查看端口是否起来。
root@tracker:/etc/fdfsroot@tracker:/etc/fdfstcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22122 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 14520/fdfs_trackerd root@tracker:/etc/fdfs
也可以查看日志看服务是否正常运行:
root@tracker:~
[2016-06-28 11:55:55] INFO - FastDFS v5.08, base_path=/data/fastdfs/tracker, run_by_group=, run_by_user=, connect_timeout=30s, network_timeout=60s, port=22122, bind_addr=, max_connections=2048, accept_threads=1, work_threads=4, store_lookup=2, store_group=, store_server=0, store_path=0, reserved_storage_space=10.00%, download_server=0, allow_ip_count=-1, sync_log_buff_interval=10s, check_active_interval=120s, thread_stack_size=64 KB, storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust=1, storage_sync_file_max_delay=86400s, storage_sync_file_max_time=300s, use_trunk_file=0, slot_min_size=256, slot_max_size=16 MB, trunk_file_size=64 MB, trunk_create_file_advance=0, trunk_create_file_time_base=02:00, trunk_create_file_interval=86400, trunk_create_file_space_threshold=20 GB, trunk_init_check_occupying=0, trunk_init_reload_from_binlog=0, trunk_compress_binlog_min_interval=0, use_storage_id=0, id_type_in_filename=ip, storage_id_count=0, rotate_error_log=0, error_log_rotate_time=00:00, rotate_error_log_size=0, log_file_keep_days=0, store_slave_file_use_link=0, use_connection_pool=0, g_connection_pool_max_idle_time=3600s[2016-06-28 11:56:01] INFO - file: tracker_relationship.c, line: 383, selecting leader...[2016-06-28 11:56:02] INFO - file: tracker_relationship.c, line: 401, I am the new tracker leader 10.10.10.80:22122
⑤设置开机自动启动
root@tracker:/etc/usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf restart
至此tracker上的安装与配置结束。
storage的安装与配置
两台机器(10.10.10.81, 10.10.10.82)配置完全一样,以81为例。
安装
利用上传 FastDFS_v5.08.tar.gz 和 libfastcommon-master.zip 至 storage服务器的/usr/local/src 目录下,解压安装 libfastcommon,这个和前面安装tracker一样。
安装libfastcommonroot@storage1:/usr/local/srcroot@storage1:/usr/local/srcroot@storage1:/usr/local/src/libfastcommon-masterHISTORY INSTALL libfastcommon.spec make.sh php-fastcommon README srcroot@storage1:/usr/local/src/libfastcommon-masterroot@storage1:/usr/local/src/libfastcommon-master
安装FastDFSFastDFS_v5.08.tar.gzroot@storage1:/usr/local/srcroot@storage1:/usr/local/srcroot@storage1:/usr/local/src/FastDFSroot@storage1:/usr/local/src/FastDFS
配置
进入到 /etc/fdfs 目录下,复制/usr/local/src/FastDFS/conf/* 下面的所有文件到当前目录下(/etc/fdfs):
root@storage1:/etc/fdfs$ lltotal 96drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 17 16:07 ./drwxr-xr-x 97 root root 4096 Jun 17 15:28 ../-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 23981 Jun 16 20:06 anti-steal.jpg-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1461 Jun 16 20:06 client.conf-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 858 Jun 16 20:06 http.conf-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 31172 Jun 16 20:06 mime.types-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7910 Jun 17 09:40 storage.conf-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 105 Jun 16 20:06 storage_ids.conf-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7202 May 20 10:45 tracker.conf
编辑配置文件 storage.conf 测试的时候,只需修改以下内容即可
root@storage1:/etc/fdfs$ vi storage.conf disabled=false group_name=group1 port=23000 base_path=/data/fastdfs/storage store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs/storage tracker_server=10.10.10.81:22122 http.server_port=8888
[备注]:store_path_count如果有多个,那么需要设置多个存储路径,如:
store_path_count=2
store_path0=/data/fastdfs/storage
store_path1=/data/fastdfs/storage1
运行
执行如下命令:
root@storage1:/etc/fdfs
查看进程是否运行:
root@dstorage1:/etc/fdfstcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:23000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 23426/fdfs_storaged
观察日志 /data/fastdfs/storage/logs/storaged.log 看运行情况
mkdir data path: FB ...mkdir data path: FC ...mkdir data path: FD ...mkdir data path: FE ...mkdir data path: FF ...data path: /data/fastdfs/storage/data, mkdir sub dir done.[2016-06-16 19:51:04] INFO - file: storage_param_getter.c, line: 191, use_storage_id=0, id_type_in_filename=ip, storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust=1, store_path=0, reserved_storage_space=10.00%, use_trunk_file=0, slot_min_size=256, slot_max_size=16 MB, trunk_file_size=64 MB, trunk_create_file_advance=0, trunk_create_file_time_base=02:00, trunk_create_file_interval=86400, trunk_create_file_space_threshold=20 GB, trunk_init_check_occupying=0, trunk_init_reload_from_binlog=0, trunk_compress_binlog_min_interval=0, store_slave_file_use_link=0[2016-06-16 19:51:04] INFO - file: storage_func.c, line: 254, tracker_client_ip: 10.10.10.81, my_server_id_str: 10.10.10.81, g_server_id_in_filename: -771094006[2016-06-16 19:51:04] INFO - file: tracker_client_thread.c, line: 310, successfully connect to tracker server 10.10.10.80:22122, as a tracker client, my ip is 10.10.10.81[2016-06-16 19:51:34] INFO - file: tracker_client_thread.c, line: 1235, tracker server 10.10.10.80:22122, set tracker leader: 10.10.10.80:22122
这里看到,创建了二级目录,成功连接到tracker。
可以使用 fdfs_monitor 来查看一下storage的状态,看是否已经成功注册到了tracker:
root@storage1:/或者:fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf(不过这个文件需要配置一下才行)
[2016-06-28 14:32:41] DEBUG - base_path=/data/fastdfs/storage, connect_timeout=30, network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=1, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0, use_connection_pool=0, g_connection_pool_max_idle_time=3600s, use_storage_id=0, storage server id count: 0server_count=1, server_index=0tracker server is 10.10.10.80:22122group count: 1Group 1:group name = group1disk total space = 7384 MBdisk free space = 4306 MBtrunk free space = 0 MBstorage server count = 1active server count = 1storage server port = 23000storage HTTP port = 10000store path count = 1subdir count per path = 256current write server index = 0current trunk file id = 0 Storage 1: id = 10.10.10.81 ip_addr = 10.10.10.81 ACTIVE http domain = version = 5.08 join time = 2016-06-16 20:49:05 up time = 2016-06-17 15:41:37 total storage = 19211 MB 。。。。。
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看到这里显示“ACTIVE”,说明当前的storage节点已经注册到了Tracker上。
设置开机启动
同Tracker中的配置,把如下命令加到/etc/rc.local中:
/usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf restart
到这里storage的安装配置也完成了。当第二台节点也加进来后,可以通过日志看到如下信息:
[2016-06-17 15:41:46] INFO - file: storage_sync.c, line: 2698, successfully connect to storage server 10.10.10.82:23000
【注】因为同一组的节点会进行数据同步,所以一个组内的所有storage节点会进行通信,那么这个地方就可以看出来,他们上线后会建立连接。
另外,从端口信息上也可以看出来:
root@storage1:/tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:23000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 23426/fdfs_storagedtcp 0 0 10.10.10.81:23000 10.10.10.82:33842 ESTABLISHED 23426/fdfs_storagedtcp 0 0 10.10.10.81:50824 10.10.10.82:23000 ESTABLISHED 23426/fdfs_storagedtcp 0 0 10.10.10.81:58116 10.10.10.80:22122 ESTABLISHED 23426/fdfs_storaged
storage1会与storage2建立连接,同时会与tracker建立连接。
在storage上安装配置nginx
以下操作在storage1上完成。
安装nginx
上传 fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz pcre-8.36.tar.gz zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz 到storage服务器上的/usr/local/src 目录下
root@storage1:/usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.0auto CHANGES CHANGES.ru conf configure contrib html LICENSE Makefile man objs README srcroot@storage1:/usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.0
编译安装:
make && make install
配置nginx
修改nginx配置文件
① 修改nginx的监听端口
将 server 段中的 listen 端口号改为 8888:
② 在 server 段中添加fastdfs的配置:
这里的group[1-3] 可以匹配 group1,group2,group3,当然group也可以是其他的名字,这里正则表达式只是用来过滤请求路径。
location ~ /group[1-3]/M00 {
root /data/fastdfs/storage/data;
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
/data/fastdfs/storage/data 这个是指向真正存储文件的地方,该目录下有这些个二级目录
root@dtv-210:/data/fastdfs/storage/datatotal 1048drwxr-xr-x 259 root root 4096 Jun 27 15:42 ./drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 ../drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 00/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 01/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 02/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 03/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 04/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 05/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 06/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 07/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 08/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 09/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 0A/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 0B/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 0C/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 0D/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 0E/drwxr-xr-x 258 root root 4096 Jun 16 19:50 0F/。。。
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③将 FastDFS 的 nginx 插件模块的配置文件拷贝到 FastDFS 配置文件目录:
root@storage1:/usr/local/src/fastdfs-nginx-module-master/src
修改 fastdfs的nginx模块的配置文件 mod_fastdfs.conf
base_path=/data/fastdfs/storage #保存日志目录tracker_server=10.10.10.80:22122 #tracker 服务器的 IP 地址以及端口号storage_server_port=23000 #storage服务器的端口号group_name=group1 #当前服务器的group名url_have_group_name = true #文件url中是否有group 名store_path_count=1 #存储路径个数,需要和store_path 个数匹配store_path0=/data/fastdfs/storage #存储路径group_count = 1 #设置组的个数[group1]group_name=group1storage_server_port=23000store_path_count=1store_path0=/data/fastdfs/storage
④建立 M00 至存储目录的符号连接
root@storage1# ln -s /data/fastdfs/storage/data /data/fastdfs/storage/data/M00root@storage1# ll /data/fastdfs/storage/data/M00lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Jun 16 19:53 /data/fastdfs/storage/data/M00 -> /data/fastdfs/storage/data/
到这里,nginx和FastDFS 插件模块就配置完成了。
⑤启动nginx
执行/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
把上述语句加入/etc/rc.local即可开机自启动。
可以通过netstat -unltp | grep nginx查看nginx是否起来,如果有错误,可以查看日志:
root@storage1:/usr/local/nginx/logs
也可以访问http://10.10.10.80:8888查看nginx是否工作,看到如下界面说明nginx启动OK。
其他storage节点依照上述步骤安装与配置即可。
安装nginx反向代理及缓存服务器
在机器10.10.10.79上安装。
安装nginx
将所需的软件包上传至服务器/usr/local/src下
root@server:/usr/local/srcroot@server:/usr/local/srcroot@server:/usr/local/srcroot@server:/usr/local/srcroot@server:/usr/local/srcroot@server:/usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.0root@server:/usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.0
nginx 以及 nginx cache purge 插件模块安装完毕。
配置nginx
①创建nginx的缓存目录
root@server
②增加系统打开文件数的限制,手写到rc.local
root@serverroot@server
③编辑 vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 文件修改以下内容:
user nobody;worker_processes 4;error_log logs/error.log info;pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections 65535; use epoll;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 300m; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx/proxy_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=http-cache:500m max_size=10g inactive=30d; proxy_temp_path /var/cache/nginx/proxy_cache/tmp; upstream fdfs_group1 { server 10.10.10.80:8888 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; server 10.10.10.81:8888 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s; } log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; access_log logs/host.access.log main; location /group1/M00 { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_cache http-cache; proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h; proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args; proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1; expires 30d; } location ~ /purge(/.*) { allow 127.0.0.1; allow 10.10.10.0/24; deny all; proxy_cache_purge http-cache $1$is_args$args; } }}
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接下来,可以使用 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 来测试配置文件语法的正确性。
root@server:/usr/local/nginxngx_http_fastdfs_set pid=5895nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successfulroot@server:/usr/local/nginx
④启动nginx并加入到开机启动
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
把/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx加入/etc/rc.local即可。
同样可以查看端口看是否正常启动:
netstat -unltp | grep nginx
测试上传文件
以下操作在tracker服务器(10.10.10.80)上进行
①创建client 使用的日志目录
root@server
②修改客户端的配置文件/etc/fdfs/client.conf
base_path=/data/fastdfs/client tracker_server=10.10.10.80:22122 http.tracker_server_port=8888
③上传一个图片
root@servergroup1/M00/00/00/CgoKeFRQqaaASddNAxEgRsu1UiU345.jpgroot@server
得到了如下的地址:
group1/M00/00/00/CgoKeFRQqaaASddNAxEgRsu1UiU345.jpg
还可以通过fdfs_file_info 来查看上传文件的信息
root@server
通过浏览器访问:
④使用浏览器访问一下该地址:
http://10.10.10.79/group1/M00/00/00/CgoKeFRQqaaASddNAxEgRsu1UiU345.jpg
即可成功访问到图片。
⑤查看nginx的缓存目录,可以查看缓存的内容。
root@server
⑥清除缓存
如果清除该图片的缓存,可以在文件 URL 之前加上 purge 即可,如下图
http://10.10.10.79/purge/group1/M00/00/00/CgoKeFRQqaaASddNAxEgRsu1UiU345.jpg
清除之后,当storage中文件被删除后,将无法再请求到文件。
⑦配置浏览器端查看是否命中缓存
使用Chrome浏览器的开发工具,查看响应的头部信息来查看是否命中缓存,要启用此功能,修改nginx的主配置文件如下:
在location /group1/M00 段增加这2个行
add_header X-Via $server_addr;add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;
最终效果
location /group1/M00 { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_cache http-cache; proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h; proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args; proxy_pass http: expires 30d; add_header X-Via $server_addr; add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;}
重启nginx,清除缓存再次访问即可查看响应头命中信息。
附录
需要再多写一点, FastDFS这样部署就已经可以正常运行了,但是有一个问题,就是FastDFS本身不支持对上传的文件去重。也就是说,同一个文件,我们反复上传,那么会在Storage中保存多份,这显然是不合理的。解决办法,需要的请参考我另一篇文章:
《FastDHT配合FastDFS进行文件上传去重》
http://blog.csdn.net/ForeverSunshine/article/details/51226061