配置SSH框架

一、配置Struts
首先在web.xml中配置Struts核心过滤器和过滤器映射
web.xml代码如下：

<!-- 定义Struts 2 的核心控制器 -->  <filter>    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>    <filter-class>        org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter    </filter-class>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*.action</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>  <listener>          <listener-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.listener.StrutsListener</listener-class>      </listener>      <welcome-file-list>          <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>      </welcome-file-list>  

新建包com.ssh.action，建立BaseAction，继承ActionSupport，实现接口ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware,ServletContextAware,SessionAware

package com.ssh.action;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.ServletContext;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;import org.apache.struts2.util.ServletContextAware;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;public class BaseAction extends ActionSupport         implements ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware,ServletContextAware,SessionAware{    private static final long serialVersionUID =  4565394360208096613L;    protected HttpServletRequest request;    protected HttpServletResponse response;    protected ServletContext context;    protected Map<String,Object>session;    @Override    public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {        this.session = session;    }    @Override    public void setServletContext(ServletContext context) {        this.context = context;    }    @Override    public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {        this.response = response;    }    @Override    public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {        this.request = request;    }}

编写测试Struts的Action，在com.ssh.action包内建立LoginAction类，继承BaseAction类，作为Struts的测试
LoginAction类的代码如下：

package com.ssh.action;public class LoginAction extends BaseAction{    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6144396976094110475L;      public String execute() throws Exception{        return "success";    }}

在struts.xml文件中添加对LoginAction的配置
struts.xml文件配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"><struts> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />      <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />      <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="false" />      <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="false" />      <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="globalMessages" />      <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action,," />      <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators.basePackage"                value="com.ssh.action" />      <constant name="struts.convention.result.path" value="/" />      <constant name="struts.serve.static" value="true" />      <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" />      <package name="login" extends="struts-default">          <action name="login" class="com.ssh.action.LoginAction">              <result name="success">/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp</result>          </action>      </package>  </struts>    

二、配置spring
在applicationContext.xml文件中配置spring，添加ActionBean的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd  ">    <bean id="sessionFactory"        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    </bean></beans>

打开web.xml文件，在web.xml文件中配置spring监听器

<context-param>     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param> <!-- ssh 中文过滤 -->      <filter>          <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>          <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>          <init-param>              <param-name>encoding</param-name>              <param-value>utf-8</param-value>          </init-param>          <init-param>              <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>              <param-value>true</param-value>          </init-param>      </filter>      <filter-mapping>          <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>          <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>      </filter-mapping>  

 <!-- 对Spring 容器进行实例化 -->      <listener>          <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>      </listener>      <listener>          <listener-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.listener.StrutsListener</listener-class>      </listener>      <welcome-file-list>          <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>          <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>      </welcome-file-list>  

三、配置hibernate
在src文件下建立hibernate.cfg.xml文件
hibernate.cfg.xml代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration    PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration>    <session-factory>        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306;databaseName=test</property>        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>        <mapping class="com.config.*"/>    </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>

四、建立数据库和数据表
此处采用MySQL，不同的数据库连接驱动和URL不同，jar也不同。在MySQL中建立test数据库，创建user表，包括id,username,password等属性，插入一条数据。
五、创建实体类
创建包com.ssh.model，创建User类，实现接口Serializable

package com.ssh.model;import java.io.Serializable;public class User implements Serializable{     private static final long serialVersionUID = 6120793500259112385L;      private Integer id;     private String username;     private String password;    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getUsername() {        return username;    }    public void setUsername(String username) {        this.username = username;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }    public static long getSerialversionuid() {        return serialVersionUID;    }}

添加映射文件，创建包com.ssh.config，创建User.hbm.xml文件，作为User 与数据表之间的映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping package="com.ssh.model">    <class name="User" table="user">        <id name="id" type="integer">            <column name="id"></column>            <generator class="native"></generator>        </id>        <property name="username" type="string">            <column name="username"></column>        </property>        <property name="password" type="string">            <column name="password"></column>        </property>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

添加包名是为了下面class的name属性可以直接使用类名，不用带着包名。generator属性为主键生成机制，常用的有3种（native，identity和sequence），mysql使用identity，也可以直接使用native（根据数据库的默认设定而定）。

重新写LoginAction类，加入数据库信息验证，采用分层结构，model持久层，dao模型层，service业务控制层。从action开始写，需要什么业务就定义出来，生成service 接口，然后实现接口，同样用相同的方法定义dao 层。
LoginAction：

package com.ssh.action;import com.ssh.service.UserService;public class LoginAction extends BaseAction{    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6144396976094110475L;      private UserService userService;    private String username;    private String password;    public String execute() throws Exception{        try{            if(userService.login(username, password))                return "success";            else                return "error";        }catch(Exception e){            e.printStackTrace();        }        return "error";    }    public UserService getUserService() {        return userService;    }    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {        this.userService = userService;    }    public String getUsername() {        return username;    }    public void setUsername(String username) {        this.username = username;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }    public static long getSerialversionuid() {        return serialVersionUID;    }}

生成service接口
UserService：

package com.ssh.service;public interface UserService {    public boolean login(String username,String password);}

实现service接口
UserServiceImpl：

package com.ssh.service.impl;import com.ssh.dao.UserDao;import com.ssh.model.User;import com.ssh.service.UserService;public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{    private UserDao userDao;    @Override    public boolean login(String username, String password) {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub        User user = userDao.findUserByName(username);        if(user != null){            if(password != null){                if(password.equals(user.getPassword()))                    return true;            }        }        return false;    }    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){        this.userDao = userDao;    }}

同样，生成dao 接口
UserDao:

package com.ssh.dao;import com.ssh.model.User;public interface UserDao {    public User findUserByName(String username);}

实现dao接口，继承HibernateDaoSupport
UserDaoImpl：

package com.ssh.dao.impl;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.ssh.dao.UserDao;import com.ssh.model.User;public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao{    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    @Override    public User findUserByName(String username) {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub        List<User> list;        String hql = "from User u where u.username=?";        list = this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql,username);        if(list != null){            return list.get(0);        }        return null;    }}

六、建立JSP测试页面，在/WEB-INF下建立jsp文件夹，在其中建立login.jsp、welcome.jsp
login.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">    <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->  </head>  <body>    <form action="login" method="post">        Username:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>        Password:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>        <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>    </form>  </body></html>

登录成功跳转
welcom.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <base href="<%=basePath%>">    <title>welcome</title>    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">    <!--    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">    -->  </head>  <body>    welcome!<s:property value="username"/>  </body></html>

重新写Struts配置文件
struts.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"><struts> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />      <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />      <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="false" />      <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="false" />      <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="globalMessages" />      <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action,," />      <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators.basePackage"                value="com.ssh.action" />      <constant name="struts.convention.result.path" value="/" />      <constant name="struts.serve.static" value="true" />      <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" />      <package name="login" extends="struts-default">          <action name="loginform">            <result name="success">/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp</result>        </action>        <action name="login" class="LoginAction">              <result name="success">/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp</result>          </action>      </package>  </struts>    

基本的ssh框架配置就完成了。
ssh框架的构建配置比较麻烦，需要细心和耐心，一旦有一个地方配置出错，就会运行不起来。