JZ2440 NAND FLASH学习

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具体步骤:

从硬件上,访问NAND FLASH

1. 发命令(CLE)

2.发送地址(ALE)

3.传输数据

2440:

1.NFCMD

2.NFADDR

3.NFDATA

4.状态NFSTAT

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程序运行步骤:

第一步、上电,把NAND FLASH的4K的内容,自动复制到片内SRAM中(CPU的缓存中),设置栈指针sp 4096(C语言需要使用栈)关掉看门狗;

第二步、初始化SDRAM、初始化NAND FLASH ;

第三步、将NAND FLASH 4096开始的1M字节(mian.c)复制到SDRAM中;

第四步、重新设置栈指针pc 0x3400 0000(SDRAM),并跳到SDRAM中执行main函数

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代码如下:

1.head.s

@******************************************************************************@ File:head.s@ 功能:设置SDRAM,将程序复制到SDRAM,然后跳到SDRAM继续执行@******************************************************************************         .text.global _start_start:                                            @函数disable_watch_dog, memsetup, init_nand, nand_read_ll在init.c中定义            ldr     sp, =4096               @设置堆栈             bl      disable_watch_dog       @关WATCH DOG            bl      memsetup                @初始化SDRAM            bl      nand_init               @初始化NAND Flash                                            @将NAND Flash中地址4096开始的1024字节代码(main.c编译得到)复制到SDRAM中                                            @nand_read_ll函数需要3个参数:            ldr     r0,     =0x30000000     @1. 目标地址=0x30000000,这是SDRAM的起始地址            mov     r1,     #4096           @2.  源地址   = 4096,连接的时候,main.c中的代码都存在NAND Flash地址4096开始处            mov     r2,     #2048           @3.  复制长度= 2048(bytes),对于本实验的main.c,这是足够了            bl      nand_read               @调用C函数nand_read            ldr     sp, =0x34000000         @设置栈            ldr     lr, =halt_loop          @设置返回地址            ldr     pc, =main               @b指令和bl指令只能前后跳转32M的范围,所以这里使用向pc赋值的方法进行跳转halt_loop:            b       halt_loop

2.init.c

/* WOTCH DOG register */#define WTCON(*(volatile unsigned long *)0x53000000)/* SDRAM regisers */#define MEM_CTL_BASE0x48000000 void disable_watch_dog();void memsetup();/*上电后,WATCH DOG默认是开着的,要把它关掉 */void disable_watch_dog(){WTCON= 0;}/* 设置控制SDRAM的13个寄存器 */void memsetup(){int i = 0;unsigned long *p = (unsigned long *)MEM_CTL_BASE;    /* SDRAM 13个寄存器的值 */    unsigned long  const    mem_cfg_val[]={ 0x22011110,     //BWSCON                                            0x00000700,     //BANKCON0                                            0x00000700,     //BANKCON1                                            0x00000700,     //BANKCON2                                            0x00000700,     //BANKCON3                                              0x00000700,     //BANKCON4                                            0x00000700,     //BANKCON5                                            0x00018005,     //BANKCON6                                            0x00018005,     //BANKCON7                                            0x008C07A3,     //REFRESH                                            0x000000B1,     //BANKSIZE                                            0x00000030,     //MRSRB6                                            0x00000030,     //MRSRB7                                    };for(; i < 13; i++)p[i] = mem_cfg_val[i];}

3.nand.c   //nand init

#define LARGER_NAND_PAGE#define GSTATUS1        (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x560000B0)#define BUSY            1#define NAND_SECTOR_SIZE    512#define NAND_BLOCK_MASK     (NAND_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)#define NAND_SECTOR_SIZE_LP    2048#define NAND_BLOCK_MASK_LP     (NAND_SECTOR_SIZE_LP - 1)typedef unsigned int S3C24X0_REG32;/* NAND FLASH (see S3C2410 manual chapter 6) */typedef struct {    S3C24X0_REG32   NFCONF;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFCMD;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFADDR;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFDATA;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFSTAT;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFECC;} S3C2410_NAND;/* NAND FLASH (see S3C2440 manual chapter 6, www.100ask.net) */typedef struct {    S3C24X0_REG32   NFCONF;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFCONT;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFCMD;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFADDR;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFDATA;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFMECCD0;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFMECCD1;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFSECCD;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFSTAT;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFESTAT0;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFESTAT1;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFMECC0;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFMECC1;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFSECC;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFSBLK;    S3C24X0_REG32   NFEBLK;} S3C2440_NAND;typedef struct {    void (*nand_reset)(void);    void (*wait_idle)(void);    void (*nand_select_chip)(void);    void (*nand_deselect_chip)(void);    void (*write_cmd)(int cmd);    void (*write_addr)(unsigned int addr);    unsigned char (*read_data)(void);}t_nand_chip;static S3C2410_NAND * s3c2410nand = (S3C2410_NAND *)0x4e000000;static S3C2440_NAND * s3c2440nand = (S3C2440_NAND *)0x4e000000;static t_nand_chip nand_chip;/* 供外部调用的函数 */void nand_init(void);void nand_read(unsigned char *buf, unsigned long start_addr, int size);/* NAND Flash操作的总入口, 它们将调用S3C2410或S3C2440的相应函数 */static void nand_reset(void);static void wait_idle(void);static void nand_select_chip(void);static void nand_deselect_chip(void);static void write_cmd(int cmd);static void write_addr(unsigned int addr);static unsigned char read_data(void);/* S3C2410的NAND Flash处理函数 */static void s3c2410_nand_reset(void);static void s3c2410_wait_idle(void);static void s3c2410_nand_select_chip(void);static void s3c2410_nand_deselect_chip(void);static void s3c2410_write_cmd(int cmd);static void s3c2410_write_addr(unsigned int addr);static unsigned char s3c2410_read_data();/* S3C2440的NAND Flash处理函数 */static void s3c2440_nand_reset(void);static void s3c2440_wait_idle(void);static void s3c2440_nand_select_chip(void);static void s3c2440_nand_deselect_chip(void);static void s3c2440_write_cmd(int cmd);static void s3c2440_write_addr(unsigned int addr);static unsigned char s3c2440_read_data(void);/* S3C2410的NAND Flash操作函数 *//* 复位 */static void s3c2410_nand_reset(void){    s3c2410_nand_select_chip();    s3c2410_write_cmd(0xff);  // 复位命令    s3c2410_wait_idle();    s3c2410_nand_deselect_chip();}/* 等待NAND Flash就绪 */static void s3c2410_wait_idle(void){    int i;    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFSTAT;    while(!(*p & BUSY))        for(i=0; i<10; i++);}/* 发出片选信号 */static void s3c2410_nand_select_chip(void){    int i;    s3c2410nand->NFCONF &= ~(1<<11);    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    }/* 取消片选信号 */static void s3c2410_nand_deselect_chip(void){    s3c2410nand->NFCONF |= (1<<11);}/* 发出命令 */static void s3c2410_write_cmd(int cmd){    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFCMD;    *p = cmd;}/* 发出地址 */static void s3c2410_write_addr(unsigned int addr){    int i;    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFADDR;        *p = addr & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    *p = (addr >> 9) & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    *p = (addr >> 17) & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    *p = (addr >> 25) & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);}/* 读取数据 */static unsigned char s3c2410_read_data(void){    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2410nand->NFDATA;    return *p;}/* S3C2440的NAND Flash操作函数 *//* 复位 */static void s3c2440_nand_reset(void){    s3c2440_nand_select_chip();    s3c2440_write_cmd(0xff);  // 复位命令    s3c2440_wait_idle();    s3c2440_nand_deselect_chip();}/* 等待NAND Flash就绪 */static void s3c2440_wait_idle(void){    int i;    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFSTAT;    while(!(*p & BUSY))        for(i=0; i<10; i++);}/* 发出片选信号 */static void s3c2440_nand_select_chip(void){    int i;    s3c2440nand->NFCONT &= ~(1<<1);    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    }/* 取消片选信号 */static void s3c2440_nand_deselect_chip(void){    s3c2440nand->NFCONT |= (1<<1);}/* 发出命令 */static void s3c2440_write_cmd(int cmd){    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFCMD;    *p = cmd;}/* 发出地址 */static void s3c2440_write_addr(unsigned int addr){    int i;    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFADDR;        *p = addr & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    *p = (addr >> 9) & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    *p = (addr >> 17) & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);    *p = (addr >> 25) & 0xff;    for(i=0; i<10; i++);}static void s3c2440_write_addr_lp(unsigned int addr){int i;volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFADDR;int col, page;col = addr & NAND_BLOCK_MASK_LP;page = addr / NAND_SECTOR_SIZE_LP;*p = col & 0xff;/* Column Address A0~A7 */for(i=0; i<10; i++);*p = (col >> 8) & 0x0f; /* Column Address A8~A11 */for(i=0; i<10; i++);*p = page & 0xff;/* Row Address A12~A19 */for(i=0; i<10; i++);*p = (page >> 8) & 0xff;/* Row Address A20~A27 */for(i=0; i<10; i++);*p = (page >> 16) & 0x03;/* Row Address A28~A29 */for(i=0; i<10; i++);}/* 读取数据 */static unsigned char s3c2440_read_data(void){    volatile unsigned char *p = (volatile unsigned char *)&s3c2440nand->NFDATA;    return *p;}/* 在第一次使用NAND Flash前,复位一下NAND Flash */static void nand_reset(void){    nand_chip.nand_reset();}static void wait_idle(void){    nand_chip.wait_idle();}static void nand_select_chip(void){    int i;    nand_chip.nand_select_chip();    for(i=0; i<10; i++);}static void nand_deselect_chip(void){    nand_chip.nand_deselect_chip();}static void write_cmd(int cmd){    nand_chip.write_cmd(cmd);}static void write_addr(unsigned int addr){    nand_chip.write_addr(addr);}static unsigned char read_data(void){    return nand_chip.read_data();}/* 初始化NAND Flash */void nand_init(void){#define TACLS   0#define TWRPH0  3#define TWRPH1  0    /* 判断是S3C2410还是S3C2440 */    if ((GSTATUS1 == 0x32410000) || (GSTATUS1 == 0x32410002))    {        nand_chip.nand_reset         = s3c2410_nand_reset;        nand_chip.wait_idle          = s3c2410_wait_idle;        nand_chip.nand_select_chip   = s3c2410_nand_select_chip;        nand_chip.nand_deselect_chip = s3c2410_nand_deselect_chip;        nand_chip.write_cmd          = s3c2410_write_cmd;        nand_chip.write_addr         = s3c2410_write_addr;        nand_chip.read_data          = s3c2410_read_data;/* 使能NAND Flash控制器, 初始化ECC, 禁止片选, 设置时序 */        s3c2410nand->NFCONF = (1<<15)|(1<<12)|(1<<11)|(TACLS<<8)|(TWRPH0<<4)|(TWRPH1<<0);    }    else    {        nand_chip.nand_reset         = s3c2440_nand_reset;        nand_chip.wait_idle          = s3c2440_wait_idle;        nand_chip.nand_select_chip   = s3c2440_nand_select_chip;        nand_chip.nand_deselect_chip = s3c2440_nand_deselect_chip;        nand_chip.write_cmd          = s3c2440_write_cmd;#ifdef LARGER_NAND_PAGE        nand_chip.write_addr         = s3c2440_write_addr_lp;#elsenand_chip.write_addr = s3c2440_write_addr;#endif        nand_chip.read_data          = s3c2440_read_data;/* 设置时序 */        s3c2440nand->NFCONF = (TACLS<<12)|(TWRPH0<<8)|(TWRPH1<<4);        /* 使能NAND Flash控制器, 初始化ECC, 禁止片选 */        s3c2440nand->NFCONT = (1<<4)|(1<<1)|(1<<0);    }        /* 复位NAND Flash */    nand_reset();}/* 读函数 */void nand_read(unsigned char *buf, unsigned long start_addr, int size){    int i, j;#ifdef LARGER_NAND_PAGE    if ((start_addr & NAND_BLOCK_MASK_LP) || (size & NAND_BLOCK_MASK_LP)) {        return ;    /* 地址或长度不对齐 */    }#else    if ((start_addr & NAND_BLOCK_MASK) || (size & NAND_BLOCK_MASK)) {        return ;    /* 地址或长度不对齐 */    }#endif    /* 选中芯片 */    nand_select_chip();    for(i=start_addr; i < (start_addr + size);) {      /* 发出READ0命令 */      write_cmd(0);      /* Write Address */      write_addr(i);#ifdef LARGER_NAND_PAGE      write_cmd(0x30);#endif      wait_idle();#ifdef LARGER_NAND_PAGE      for(j=0; j < NAND_SECTOR_SIZE_LP; j++, i++) {#else  for(j=0; j < NAND_SECTOR_SIZE; j++, i++) {#endif          *buf = read_data();          buf++;      }    }    /* 取消片选信号 */    nand_deselect_chip();        return ;}


4.nand.lds //nand flash 链接文件

SECTIONS {   firtst  0x00000000 : { head.o init.o nand.o}  //nand flash 0地址放着 head.o init.o nand.o二进制文件  second 0x30000000 : AT(4096) { main.o }  //在nand flash 4096地址放着 main.o二进制文件} 

5.main.c

#defineGPFCON(*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000050)#defineGPFDAT(*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000054)#defineGPF4_out(1<<(4*2))#defineGPF5_out(1<<(5*2))#defineGPF6_out(1<<(6*2))void  wait(volatile unsigned long dly){for(; dly > 0; dly--);}int main(void){unsigned long i = 0;GPFCON = GPF4_out|GPF5_out|GPF6_out;// 将LED1-3对应的GPF4/5/6三个引脚设为输出while(1){wait(30000);GPFDAT = (~(i<<4)); // 根据i的值,点亮LED1-3if(++i == 8)i = 0;}return 0;}

6.Makefile

objs := head.o init.o nand.o main.onand.bin : $(objs)arm-linux-ld -Tnand.lds-o nand_elf $^arm-linux-objcopy -O binary -S nand_elf $@arm-linux-objdump -D -m arm  nand_elf > nand.dis%.o:%.carm-linux-gcc -Wall -c -O2 -o $@ $<%.o:%.Sarm-linux-gcc -Wall -c -O2 -o $@ $<clean:rm -f  nand.dis nand.bin nand_elf *.o

















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