C语言sscanf函数的总结

在处理字符串的程序当中，经常会分析字符串，从一大长串的字符串截取我们需要的数据，这如果通过自己手写函数来分析，虽然可以，但当你知道sscanf的功能，那就自己写函数分析就显得多此一举。
这些函数的使用都很简单，总结一下，等下次使用一目了然。俗话说：好记性不如烂笔头，记录下来就是效率。
以下源代码是本人测试的源文件，附带讲解注释。

#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>static void sscanf_test(void);static void sscanf_test(void){    int ret;    char *string;    int  digit;    char buf1[255];    char buf2[255];    char buf3[255];    char buf4[255];    /*1.最简单的用法*/    string = "china beijing 123";    ret = sscanf(string, "%s %s %d", buf1, buf2, &digit);    printf("1.string=%s\n", string);    printf("1.ret=%d, buf1=%s, buf2=%s, digit=%d\n\n", ret, buf1, buf2, digit);    /*    **执行结果:    **1.ret=3, buf1=china, buf2=beijing, digit=123    **可以看出,sscanf的返回值是读取的参数个数    */    /*2.取指定长度的字符串*/    string = "123456789";    sscanf(string, "%5s", buf1);    printf("2.string=%s\n", string);    printf("2.buf1=%s\n\n", buf1);    /*    **执行结果:    **2.buf1=12345    */    /*3.取到指定字符为止的字符串*/    string = "123/456";    sscanf(string, "%[^/]", buf1);    printf("3.string=%s\n", string);    printf("3.buf1=%s\n\n", buf1);    /*    **执行结果:    **3.buf1=123    */    /*4.取到指定字符集为止的字符串*/    string = "123abcABC";    sscanf(string, "%[^A-Z]", buf1);    printf("4.string=%s\n", string);    printf("4.buf1=%s\n\n", buf1);    /*    **执行结果:    **4.buf1=123abc    */    /*5.取仅包含指定字符集的字符串*/    string = "0123abcABC";    sscanf(string, "%[0-9]%[a-z]%[A-Z]", buf1, buf2, buf3);    printf("5.string=%s\n", string);    printf("5.buf1=%s, buf2=%s, buf3=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2, buf3);    /*    **执行结果:    **5.buf1=123, buf2=abc, buf3=ABC    */    /*6.获取指定字符中间的字符串*/    string = "ios<android>wp7";    sscanf(string, "%*[^<]<%[^>]", buf1);    printf("6.string=%s\n", string);    printf("6.buf1=%s\n\n", buf1);    /*    **执行结果:    **6.buf1=android    */    /*7.指定要跳过的字符串*/    string = "iosVSandroid";    sscanf(string, "%[a-z]VS%[a-z]", buf1, buf2);    printf("7.string=%s\n", string);    printf("7.buf1=%s, buf2=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2);    /*    **执行结果:    **7.buf1=ios, buf2=android    */    /*8.分割以某字符隔开的字符串*/    string = "android-iphone-wp7";    /*    **字符串取道'-'为止,后面还需要跟着分隔符'-',    **起到过滤作用,有点类似于第7点    */    sscanf(string, "%[^-]-%[^-]-%[^-]", buf1, buf2, buf3);    printf("8.string=%s\n", string);    printf("8.buf1=%s, buf2=%s, buf3=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2, buf3);    /*    **执行结果:    **8.buf1=android, buf2=iphone, buf3=wp7    */    /*9.提取邮箱地址*/    string = "Email:[e-mail]";    sscanf(string, "%[^:]:%[^@]@%[^.].%s", buf1, buf2, buf3, buf4);    printf("9.string=%s\n", string);    printf("9.buf1=%s, buf2=%s, buf3=%s, buf4=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2, buf3, buf4);    /*    **执行结果:    **9.buf1=Email, buf2=beijing, buf3=sina, buf4=com.cn    */    /*10.过滤掉不想截取或不需要的字符串--补充,    **在%号后面加一*号,代表过滤这个字符串,不读取    */    string = "android iphone wp7";    sscanf(string, "%s %*s %s", buf1, buf2);    printf("10.string=%s\n", string);    printf("10.buf1=%s, buf2=%s\n\n", buf1, buf2);    /*    **执行结果:    **10.android wp7    */}int main(int argc, char **argv){    sscanf_test();    return 0;}1.string=china beijing 1231.ret=3, buf1=china, buf2=beijing, digit=1232.string=1234567892.buf1=123453.string=123/4563.buf1=1234.string=123abcABC4.buf1=123abc5.string=0123abcABC5.buf1=0123, buf2=abc, buf3=ABC6.string=ios<android>wp76.buf1=android7.string=iosVSandroid7.buf1=ios, buf2=android8.string=android-iphone-wp78.buf1=android, buf2=iphone, buf3=wp79.string=Email:[e-mail]1=Email, buf2=beijing, buf3=sina, buf4=com.cn10.string=android iphone wp710.buf1=android, buf2=wp7*/

查看原博客。。