Android RecyclerView 使用简介(1)

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RecyclerView基础用法

RecyclerView的用法和ListView类似。我用网格布局为例,先上代码再细说。

首先在布局中要创建这个控件:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:id="@+id/grid_coordinatorLayout"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:fitsSystemWindows="true"android:background="#ffffff"tools:context="com.zcp.recyclerviewddmo.GridActivity"><!--工具栏--><android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">    <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar        android:id="@+id/toolbar"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"        android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"        /></android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout><!--下拉刷新控件--><android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout    android:id="@+id/grid_swipe_refresh"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"    >    <!--本文主角-->    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView        android:id="@+id/grid_recycler"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        /></android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout>

</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

public class GridActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private static RecyclerView recyclerview;private CoordinatorLayout coordinatorLayout;private GridAdapter mAdapter;private List<Meizi> meizis;private GridLayoutManager mLayoutManager;private int lastVisibleItem ;private int page=1;private ItemTouchHelper itemTouchHelper;private SwipeRefreshLayout swipeRefreshLayout;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_grid);    Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);    setSupportActionBar(toolbar);    initView();//初始化布局    setListener();//设置监听事件    //执行加载数据    new GetData().execute("http://gank.io/api/data/福利/10/1");}private void initView(){    coordinatorLayout=(CoordinatorLayout)findViewById(R.id.grid_coordinatorLayout);    recyclerview=(RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.grid_recycler);    mLayoutManager=new GridLayoutManager(GridActivity.this,3,GridLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);//设置为一个3列的纵向网格布局    recyclerview.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);    swipeRefreshLayout=(SwipeRefreshLayout) findViewById(R.id.grid_swipe_refresh) ;    //调整SwipeRefreshLayout的位置    swipeRefreshLayout.setProgressViewOffset(false, 0,  (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 24, getResources().getDisplayMetrics()));}private void setListener(){    //swipeRefreshLayout刷新监听    swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(new SwipeRefreshLayout.OnRefreshListener() {        @Override        public void onRefresh() {            page=1;            new GetData().execute("http://gank.io/api/data/福利/10/1");        }    });    }private class GetData extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {    @Override    protected void onPreExecute() {        super.onPreExecute();        //设置swipeRefreshLayout为刷新状态        swipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(true);    }    @Override    protected String doInBackground(String... params) {        return MyOkhttp.get(params[0]);    }    protected void onPostExecute(String result) {        super.onPostExecute(result);        if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(result)){            JSONObject jsonObject;            Gson gson=new Gson();            String jsonData=null;            try {                jsonObject = new JSONObject(result);                jsonData = jsonObject.getString("results");            } catch (JSONException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }            if(meizis==null||meizis.size()==0){                meizis= gson.fromJson(jsonData, new TypeToken<List<Meizi>>() {}.getType());                Meizi pages=new Meizi();                pages.setPage(page);                meizis.add(pages);//在数据链表中加入一个用于显示页数的item            }else{                List<Meizi>  more= gson.fromJson(jsonData, new TypeToken<List<Meizi>>() {}.getType());                meizis.addAll(more);                Meizi pages=new Meizi();                pages.setPage(page);                meizis.add(pages);//在数据链表中加入一个用于显示页数的item            }            if(mAdapter==null){                recyclerview.setAdapter(mAdapter = new GridAdapter(GridActivity.this,meizis));//recyclerview设置适配器                //实现适配器自定义的点击监听                mAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new GridAdapter.OnRecyclerViewItemClickListener() {                    @Override                    public void onItemClick(View view) {                        int position=recyclerview.getChildAdapterPosition(view);                        SnackbarUtil.ShortSnackbar(coordinatorLayout,"点击第"+position+"个",SnackbarUtil.Info).show();                       //彩色Snackbar工具类,请看我之前的文章《没时间解释了,快使用Snackbar!——Android Snackbar花式使用指南》http://www.jianshu.com/p/cd1e80e64311                    }                    @Override                    public void onItemLongClick(View view) {                    }                });                   }else{                //让适配器刷新数据                mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();            }        }        //停止swipeRefreshLayout加载动画        swipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(false);    }}}

接下来我们看RecyclerView的适配器:

public  class GridAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> implements View.OnClickListener, View.OnLongClickListener {private Context mContext;private List<Meizi> datas;//数据//自定义监听事件public static interface OnRecyclerViewItemClickListener {    void onItemClick(View view);    void onItemLongClick(View view);}private OnRecyclerViewItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener = null;public void setOnItemClickListener(OnRecyclerViewItemClickListener listener) {    mOnItemClickListener = listener;}//适配器初始化public GridAdapter(Context context,List<Meizi> datas) {    mContext=context;    this.datas=datas;}@Overridepublic int getItemViewType(int position) {    //判断item类别,是图还是显示页数(图片有URL)    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(datas.get(position).getUrl())) {        return 0;    } else {        return 1;    }}@Overridepublic RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType){    //根据item类别加载不同ViewHolder    if(viewType==0){        View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext                ).inflate(R.layout.grid_meizi_item, parent,                false);//这个布局就是一个imageview用来显示图片        MyViewHolder holder = new MyViewHolder(view);       //给布局设置点击和长点击监听        view.setOnClickListener(this);        view.setOnLongClickListener(this);        return holder;    }else{        MyViewHolder2 holder2=new MyViewHolder2(LayoutInflater.from(                mContext).inflate(R.layout.page_item, parent,                false));//这个布局就是一个textview用来显示页数        return holder2;    }}@Overridepublic void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) { //将数据与item视图进行绑定,如果是MyViewHolder就加载网络图片,如果是MyViewHolder2就显示页数    if(holder instanceof MyViewHolder){        Picasso.with(mContext).load(datas.get(position).getUrl()).into(((MyViewHolder) holder).iv);//加载网络图片    }else if(holder instanceof MyViewHolder2){        ((MyViewHolder2) holder).tv.setText(datas.get(position).getPage()+"页");    }}@Overridepublic int getItemCount(){    return datas.size();//获取数据的个数}//点击事件回调@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {    if (mOnItemClickListener != null) {        mOnItemClickListener.onItemClick(v);    }}@Overridepublic boolean onLongClick(View v) {    if (mOnItemClickListener!= null) {      mOnItemClickListener.onItemLongClick(v);   }    return false;}//自定义ViewHolder,用于加载图片class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{    private ImageButton iv;    public MyViewHolder(View view)    {        super(view);        iv = (ImageButton) view.findViewById(R.id.iv);    }}//自定义ViewHolder,用于显示页数class MyViewHolder2 extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{    private TextView tv;    public MyViewHolder2(View view)    {        super(view);        tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv);    }}    //添加一个item    public void addItem(Meizi meizi, int position) {        meizis.add(position, meizi);        notifyItemInserted(position);        recyclerview.scrollToPosition(position);//recyclerview滚动到新加item处    }    //删除一个item    public void removeItem(final int position) {        meizis.remove(position);        notifyItemRemoved(position);    }}

数据类:

 public class Meizi {private String url;//图片地址private int page;//页数public String getUrl() {    return url;}public void setUrl(String url) {    this.url = url;}public int getPage() {    return page;}public void setPage(int page) {    this.page = page;}  }

RecyclerView的使用和ListView很像吧。

RecyclerView需要通过setLayoutManager()方法设置布局管理器,RecyclerView有三个默认布局管理器LinearLayoutManager、GridLayoutManager、StaggeredGridLayoutManager,都支持横向和纵向排列以及反向滑动。如果想把RecyclerView改为横向滑动,也可以通过调用

mLayoutManager.setOrientation(GridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);

RecyclerView不像ListView一样提供item的点击监听,所以我们只能自己实现。RecyclerView的item点击事件监听可以向我本文中为item的view设置监听,也可以在recyclerView.addOnItemTouchListener里去判断手势来实现。

通过调用如下方法可以设置item加载或移除时的动画

recyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());

更多的动画效果可以看别人写的RecyclerViewItemAnimators 这个项目。

自动加载更多

要想实现滑动到列表某处时自动加载下一页(比如剩最后两个item时),可以通过对RecyclerView设置滑动监听,获取当前显示的最后一个item在适配器中的位置,如果该item的位置小于或等于适配器item总个数减2,就加载下一页数据。
GridLayoutManager和LinearLayoutManager时方法如下:

  //recyclerview滚动监听    recyclerview.addOnScrollListener(new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() {        @Override        public void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) {            super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState);            //0:当前屏幕停止滚动;1时:屏幕在滚动 且 用户仍在触碰或手指还在屏幕上;2时:随用户的操作,屏幕上产生的惯性滑动;            // 滑动状态停止并且剩余少于两个item时,自动加载下一页            if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE                    && lastVisibleItem +2>=mLayoutManager.getItemCount()) {                new GetData().execute("http://gank.io/api/data/福利/10/"+(++page));            }        }        @Override        public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) {            super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy);            //获取加载的最后一个可见视图在适配器的位置。            lastVisibleItem = mLayoutManager.findLastVisibleItemPosition();        }    });

StaggeredGridLayoutManager因为item的位置是交错的,findLastVisibleItemPosition()方法返回的是一个数组,所以我们得先判断下这个数组的最大值,上面的onScrolled方法写成这样

    int[] positions= mLayoutManager.findLastVisibleItemPositions(null);    lastVisibleItem =Math.max(positions[0],positions[1]);//根据StaggeredGridLayoutManager设置的列数来定

自动加载下一页.gif


XRecyclerView是别人写的一个库,实现了RecyclerView的下拉头和底部加载布局,需要的可以看下。

Item拖拽和滑动删除

ItemTouchHelper是一个处理RecyclerView的滑动删除和拖拽的辅助类,RecyclerView 的item拖拽移动和滑动删除就靠它来实现。

ItemTouchHelper的监听如下

    itemTouchHelper=new ItemTouchHelper(new ItemTouchHelper.Callback() {        //用于设置拖拽和滑动的方向        @Override        public int getMovementFlags(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder) {            int dragFlags=0,swipeFlags=0;            if(recyclerView.getLayoutManager() instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager||recyclerView.getLayoutManager() instanceof GridLayoutManager){               //网格式布局有4个方向               dragFlags=ItemTouchHelper.UP|ItemTouchHelper.DOWN|ItemTouchHelper.LEFT|ItemTouchHelper.RIGHT;            }else if(recyclerView.getLayoutManager() instanceof LinearLayoutManager){               //线性式布局有2个方向               dragFlags=ItemTouchHelper.UP|ItemTouchHelper.DOWN;               swipeFlags = ItemTouchHelper.START|ItemTouchHelper.END; //设置侧滑方向为从两个方向都可以            }            return makeMovementFlags(dragFlags,swipeFlags);//swipeFlags 为0的话item不滑动        }        //长摁item拖拽时会回调这个方法        @Override        public boolean onMove(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, RecyclerView.ViewHolder target) {            int from=viewHolder.getAdapterPosition();            int to=target.getAdapterPosition();            Meizi moveItem=meizis.get(from);            meizis.remove(from);            meizis.add(to,moveItem);//交换数据链表中数据的位置            mAdapter.notifyItemMoved(from,to);//更新适配器中item的位置            return true;        }        @Override        public void onSwiped(RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int direction) {        //这里处理滑动删除        }        @Override        public boolean isLongPressDragEnabled() {            return false;//返回true则为所有item都设置可以拖拽        }    });

itemTouchHelper需要与recyclerView绑定才有效果,在recyclerView初始化的时候调用

     itemTouchHelper.attachToRecyclerView(recyclerview);

因为我想要网格布局中的图片item可拖拽,而页数item不可拖拽,所以我isLongPressDragEnabled()方法返回的false,而在item的长点击事件监听中做具体处理。

       mAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new GridAdapter.OnRecyclerViewItemClickListener() {       @Override       public void onItemClick(View view) {       }        @Override        public void onItemLongClick(View view) {              itemTouchHelper.startDrag(recyclerview.getChildViewHolder(view));//设置拖拽item           }       });

如果你想为item设置拖拽和滑动时的响应动画效果,可以利用ItemTouchHelper的下面三个方法。用线性布局示例:

//当item拖拽开始时调用@Overridepublic void onSelectedChanged(RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int actionState) {super.onSelectedChanged(viewHolder, actionState); if(actionState==ItemTouchHelper.ACTION_STATE_DRAG){       viewHolder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.LTGRAY);//拖拽时设置背景色为灰色    }}//当item拖拽完成时调用@Overridepublic void clearView(RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder) {super.clearView(recyclerView, viewHolder); viewHolder.itemView.setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);//拖拽停止时设置背景色为白色} //当item视图变化时调用 @Override public void onChildDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView recyclerView, RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, float dX, float dY, int actionState, boolean isCurrentlyActive) { super.onChildDraw(c, recyclerView, viewHolder, dX, dY, actionState, isCurrentlyActive);  //根据item滑动偏移的值修改item透明度。screenwidth是我提前获得的屏幕宽度  viewHolder.itemView.setAlpha(1-Math.abs(dX)/screenwidth); }

拖拽和滑动删除.gif

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