RHEL6.5环境的基础配置

• 配置网络
• 关闭防火墙
• 关闭selinux
• 配置本地yum源

• 配置网络yum源

  1. 配置网络

  配置网络可以有好几种配置，以下讲解用配置文件配置静态IP地址。

  1.1编辑/etc/sysconfig/network-script/ifcfg-eth0文件，内容如下：

# 此配置文件应用到的设备DEVICE=eth0# 对应的设备的MAC地址HWADDR=00:0C:29:68:FE:A3# 接口类型；常见有的Ethernet, BridgeTYPE=Ethernet# 设备的惟一标识UUID=6a6234fe-231a-4068-805e-583561fb9ae8# 启动网卡ONBOOT=yes# NM是NetworkManager的简写，此网卡是否接受NM控制；建议RHLE6为“no”NM_CONTROLLED=no# 有三种类型：none,static,dhcpBOOTPROTO=static# IP地址IPADDR=192.168.0.75# 子网掩码NETMASK=255.255.255.0# 默认网关GATEWAY=192.168.0.1# DNS服务器IPDNS1=114.114.114.114IPV6INIT=noUSERCTL=no

1.2 重启网络服务

[root@localhost ~]# service network restartShutting down interface eth0:                              [  OK  ]Shutting down loopback interface:                          [  OK  ]Bringing up loopback interface:                            [  OK  ]Bringing up interface eth0:  Determining if ip address 192.168.0.75 is already in use for device eth0...                                                           [  OK  ]

1.3 查看配置是否生效

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:68:FE:A3            inet addr:192.168.0.75  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe68:fea3/64 Scope:Link          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1          RX packets:2053 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0          TX packets:1648 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:639687 (624.6 KiB)  TX bytes:188127 (183.7 KiB)

1.4 测试网络是否畅通

[root@localhost ~]# ping -c 3 www.baidu.comPING www.a.shifen.com (115.239.210.27) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 115.239.210.27: icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=55.3 ms64 bytes from 115.239.210.27: icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=58.2 ms64 bytes from 115.239.210.27: icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=78.4 ms--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2080msrtt min/avg/max/mdev = 55.396/64.040/78.462/10.268 ms

2. 关闭防火墙

2.1 配置开机自动关闭

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig iptables off

2.2 临时关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop

2.3 查看启动级别开机启动防火墙状态

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list iptablesiptables        0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off

上面显示6个启动级别都是出于关闭状态，防火墙关闭成功。

3.关闭selinux

3.1 临时关闭selinux

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0setenforce: SELinux is disabled

3.2 开机自动关闭selinux

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/SELINUX=/cSELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.SELINUX=disabled#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=disabled# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted 

3.3重启系统

[root@localhost ~]# reboot

3.4检查是否成功关闭selinux

[root@localhost ~]# getenforce Disabled

以上显示为Disabled，所以关闭防火墙成功。

4. 配置本地yum源

4.1 检查光驱是否正常

[root@localhost ~]# lsblkNAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsda      8:0    0   20G  0 disk ├─sda1   8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot├─sda2   8:2    0    1G  0 part [SWAP]└─sda3   8:3    0  4.9G  0 part /sr0     11:0    1  3.6G  0 rom  # 光驱正确启动

4.2 配置开机自动挂载光驱

[root@localhost ~]# echo '/dev/sr0 /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

4.3 挂载配置/etc/fstab中的设备

[root@localhost ~]# mount -a mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

4.4 配置本地yum 源

4.4.1 删除默认的yum源配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*

4.4.2 新增本地yum源配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel6.local.repo name=rhel6-source   # yum源名称baseurl=file:///mnt     # yum描述信息enabled=1       # yum源状态【0：关闭，1：开启】gpgcheck=0      # 不验证

4.4.3配置网络yum源【使用的是阿里云的yum源】

CentOS 5

wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repohttp://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

CentOS 6

wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repohttp://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

CentOS 7

wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repohttp://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

如果用的是RHEL6 ,需要修改下repo文件:

sed -i's/$releasever/6/g' CentOS-Base.repo

之后运行yummakecache生成缓存

4.4.4 安装epel源

yum install epel-release –y

4.4.5 清空本地主机yum缓存

[root@localhost ~]# yum clean allLoaded plugins: product-id, security, subscription-managerThis system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.Cleaning repos: base epel extras rhel6-local-source updatesCleaning up Everything

4.4.6 更新yum源缓存使其配置生效

[root@localhost ~]# yum list

4.4.7 查看已经启动的yum源

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolistLoaded plugins: product-id, security, subscription-managerThis system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.repo id                                          repo name                                                                     statusbase                                             CentOS-6 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                           6,706*epel                                            Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64                                12,365extras                                           CentOS-6 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                            45rhel6-local-source                               rhel6-source                                                                   3,690updates                                          CentOS-6 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com                                          426repolist: 23,232

以上显示yum已经生效了，配置yum成功。当然啦，你可以不用配置网络yum源，只需配置本地yum即可，也可以完成后期相关服务搭建。