RabbitMQ第五篇：Spring集成RabbitMQ

前面几篇讲解了如何使用rabbitMq，这一篇主要讲解spring集成rabbitmq。

首先引入配置文件org.springframework.amqp，如下

<dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>    <version>1.7.3.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>    <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>    <version>1.9.13</version></dependency>

一：配置消费者和生成者公共部分

rabbitmq.properties

rabbit.hosts=10.50.200.234rabbit.username=junerabbit.password=junerabbit.port=5672rabbit.virtualHost=/# 统一XML配置中易变部分的命名rabbit.queue=rabbitmq_test

amqp-share.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"     xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"     xsi:schemaLocation="     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>    <util:properties id="appConfig" location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"></util:properties>    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbit.hosts}"                               port="${rabbit.port}" username="${rabbit.username}" password="${rabbit.password}" virtual-host="${rabbit.virtualHost}"                               channel-cache-size="50"/>    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>    <!--定义消息队列-->    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.1" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.2" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.3" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>    <!--绑定队列-->    <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spittle.fanout" name="spittle.fanout" durable="true">        <rabbit:bindings>            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.1"></rabbit:binding>            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.2"></rabbit:binding>            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.3"></rabbit:binding>        </rabbit:bindings>    </rabbit:fanout-exchange></beans>

二：配置生成者

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"     xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"     xsi:schemaLocation="     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">    <import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>    <!--创建消息队列模板-->    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"                     exchange="spittle.fanout" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" /></beans>

三：生产者程序

/** * june.mq:com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.Spittle.java * 日期:2017年7月13日 */package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;/** * Spittle <br> *  * @author 王俊伟 [e-mail] * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove * @date 2017年7月13日 下午3:42:21 * @version 1.0.0 */public class Spittle implements Serializable {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private Long id;    private Spitter spitter;    private String message;    private Date postedTime;    public Spittle(Long id, Spitter spitter, String message, Date postedTime) {        this.id = id;        this.spitter = spitter;        this.message = message;        this.postedTime = postedTime;    }    public Long getId() {        return this.id;    }    public String getMessage() {        return this.message;    }    public Date getPostedTime() {        return this.postedTime;    }    public Spitter getSpitter() {        return this.spitter;    }}/** * june.mq:com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.ProducerMain.java * 日期:2017年7月13日 */package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;import java.util.Date;import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;/** * ProducerMain <br> *  * @author 王俊伟 [e-mail] * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove * @date 2017年7月13日 下午3:44:02 * @version 1.0.0 */public class ProducerMain {    private static ApplicationContext context;    /**     * @param args     * @throws InterruptedException     */    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-producer.xml");        AmqpTemplate template = (AmqpTemplate) context.getBean("rabbitTemplate");        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {            System.out.println("Sending message #" + i);            Spittle spittle = new Spittle((long) i, null, "Hello world (" + i + ")", new Date());            template.convertAndSend(spittle);            Thread.sleep(3000);        }        System.out.println("Done!");    }}

其中convertAndSend方法默认第一个参数是交换机名称，第二个参数是路由名称，第三个才是我们发送的数据

现在我们启动程序，效果如下

七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@22d8cfe0: startup date [Thu Jul 20 16:01:04 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-producer.xml]七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-share.xml]七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor start信息: Starting beans in phase -2147482648Sending message #0七月 20, 2017 4:01:04 下午 org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory createBareConnection信息: Created new connection: connectionFactory#2638011:0/SimpleConnection@c03cf28 [delegate=amqp://june@10.50.200.234:5672/, localPort= 57422]Sending message #1Sending message #2Sending message #3Sending message #4Sending message #5Sending message #6Sending message #7Sending message #8Sending message #9Done!

四：消费者程序

首先编写一个用于监听生产者发送信息的代码

package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;/** *  * SpittleAlertHandler <br> *  * @author 王俊伟 [e-mail] * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove */public class SpittleAlertHandler implements MessageListener {    @Override    public void onMessage(Message message) {        try {            String body = new String(message.getBody(), "UTF-8");            System.out.println(body);        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

一定要注意实现MessageListener，我们只需要获取message的body即可，通过json来转换我们需要的程序（比如我们可以发送一个map，map存放方法和实体，这样我们可以通过反射来调用不同的程序来运行）。

下面我们配置消费者

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"     xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"     xsi:schemaLocation="     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit     http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd">    <import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">      <rabbit:listener ref="spittleListener" method="onMessage" queues="spittle.alert.queue.1,spittle.alert.queue.3,spittle.alert.queue.2"/>    </rabbit:listener-container>    <bean id="spittleListener" class="com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.SpittleAlertHandler"/></beans>

其中spittleListener是监听的程序，method是执行的方法，queues是我们监听的队列，多个队列可以逗号隔开（因为我们采用的是分发，所以三个队列获取的消息是相同的，这里为了简便我放在一个监听程序中了，其实我们可以写三个消费者，每个消费者监听一个队列）

现在只需要启动程序即可运行

/** * june.mq:com.june.mq.rabbit.spring.ConsumerMain.java * 日期:2017年7月13日 */package com.june.mq.rabbit.spring;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;/** * ConsumerMain <br> *  * @author 王俊伟 [e-mail] * @blog https://www.github.com/junehappylove */public class ConsumerMain {    static ApplicationContext context = null;    /**     * @param args     */    public static void main(String[] args) {        context  = new org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-consumer.xml");    }}

程序执行结果

七月 20, 2017 4:09:05 下午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@22d8cfe0: startup date [Thu Jul 20 16:09:05 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy七月 20, 2017 4:09:05 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-consumer.xml]七月 20, 2017 4:09:05 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [amqp/amqp-share.xml]七月 20, 2017 4:09:06 下午 org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor start信息: Starting beans in phase -2147482648七月 20, 2017 4:09:06 下午 org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor start信息: Starting beans in phase 2147483647七月 20, 2017 4:09:06 下午 org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory createBareConnection信息: Created new connection: connectionFactory#40727802:0/SimpleConnection@5cf96df5 [delegate=amqp://june@10.50.200.234:5672/, localPort= 57477]{"id":0,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (0)","postedTime":1500537664622}{"id":0,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (0)","postedTime":1500537664622}{"id":0,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (0)","postedTime":1500537664622}{"id":1,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (1)","postedTime":1500537667743}{"id":1,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (1)","postedTime":1500537667743}{"id":1,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (1)","postedTime":1500537667743}{"id":2,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (2)","postedTime":1500537670744}{"id":2,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (2)","postedTime":1500537670744}{"id":2,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (2)","postedTime":1500537670744}{"id":3,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (3)","postedTime":1500537673745}{"id":3,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (3)","postedTime":1500537673745}{"id":3,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (3)","postedTime":1500537673745}{"id":4,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (4)","postedTime":1500537676747}{"id":4,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (4)","postedTime":1500537676747}{"id":4,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (4)","postedTime":1500537676747}{"id":5,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (5)","postedTime":1500537679748}{"id":5,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (5)","postedTime":1500537679748}{"id":5,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (5)","postedTime":1500537679748}{"id":6,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (6)","postedTime":1500537682748}{"id":6,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (6)","postedTime":1500537682748}{"id":6,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (6)","postedTime":1500537682748}{"id":7,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (7)","postedTime":1500537685748}{"id":7,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (7)","postedTime":1500537685748}{"id":7,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (7)","postedTime":1500537685748}{"id":8,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (8)","postedTime":1500537688748}{"id":8,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (8)","postedTime":1500537688748}{"id":8,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (8)","postedTime":1500537688748}{"id":9,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (9)","postedTime":1500537691748}{"id":9,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (9)","postedTime":1500537691748}{"id":9,"spitter":null,"message":"Hello world (9)","postedTime":1500537691748}

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当然direct跟上面的情况差不多，只不过这个是根据路由匹配，先把数据发送到交换机，然后绑定路由和队列，通过交换机id和路由来找到队列，下面是一些主要的配置

ampq-share.xml

<rabbit:queue id="spring-test-queue1" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" name="spring-test-queue1"></rabbit:queue><rabbit:queue name="spring-test-queue2" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false"></rabbit:queue><!--交换机定义--><!--rabbit:direct-exchange：定义exchange模式为direct，意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配，才会转发。    rabbit:binding：设置消息queue匹配的key--><rabbit:direct-exchange name="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" durable="true" auto-delete="false" id="${rabbit.exchange.direct}">    <rabbit:bindings>        <rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue1" key="spring.test.queueKey1"/>        <rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue2" key="spring.test.queueKey2"/>  </rabbit:bindings></rabbit:direct-exchange>

amqp-producer.xml

<!--spring template声明--><rabbit:template exchange="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"></rabbit:template><!--消息对象转成成json--><bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>

下面是消费者监听配置

amqp-consumer.xml

<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">    <rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue1" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener></rabbit:listener-container><rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">    <rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue2" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener></rabbit:listener-container>

下面是程序

public static void main(String[] args) {    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-producer.xml");    MQProducer mqProducer = (MQProducer) context.getBean("mqProducer");    mqProducer.sendDataToQueue("spring.test.queueKey1", "Hello World spring.test.queueKey1");    mqProducer.sendDataToQueue("spring.test.queueKey2", "Hello World spring.test.queueKey2");}

实际情况可能需要我们去分离消费者和生成者的程序。当然spring还有负载均衡的配置，这里就不多介绍了。

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站在巨人肩膀上整理的，原作者不详了                                            ---- 2017-07-20 junehappylove