手把手教你使用 Raspberry

RPI Wireless-Access-Point

将Raspberry Pi3 作为无线路由接入点

• Install the necessary software.

  $ sudo apt-get install hostapd udhcpd

• Configure DHCP /etc/udhcpd.conf

  $ sudo nano /etc/udhcpd.conf// 将文件修为为如下内容：start 192.168.42.2 # This is the range of IPs that the hostspot will give to  client devices.end 192.168.42.20interface wlan0 # The device uDHCP listens on.remaining yesopt dns 8.8.8.8 4.2.2.2 # The DNS servers client devices will use.opt subnet 255.255.255.0opt router 192.168.42.1 # The Pi's IP address on wlan0 which we will set up shortly.opt lease 864000 # 10 day DHCP lease time in seconds

• Edit the file /etc/default/udhcpd and change the line:

  DHCPD_ENABLED="no"

  to

  #DHCPD_ENABLED="no"

• Configure Network

  allow-hotplug wlan0iface wlan0 inet staticaddress 192.168.42.1netmask 255.255.255.0

  • Change the lines (they probably won’t all be next to each other):

    wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confiface default inet manual

    to

    #wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf#iface default inet dhcp

• /etc/network/interfaces like this:

  # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)# Please note that this file is written to be used with dhcpcd# For static IP, consult /etc/dhcpcd.conf and 'man dhcpcd.conf'# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.dauto loiface lo inet loopbackiface eth0 inet manualallow-hotplug wlan0iface wlan0 inet static    address 192.168.52.1    netmask 255.255.255.0    gateway 192.168.52.1    network 192.168.52.0    broadcast 192.168.52.255    dns-nameservers 192.168.52.1 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4#iface wlan0 inet manual#   wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicantwpa_supplicant.conf#allow-hotplug wlan1#iface wlan1 inet manual#    wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confup iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat

• Configure HostAPD. edit the file /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf (create it if it doesn’t exist) and add the following lines:

  A secure network

  interface=wlan0driver=nl80211ssid=My_APhw_mode=gchannel=6macaddr_acl=0auth_algs=1ignore_broadcast_ssid=0wpa=2wpa_passphrase=My_Passwordwpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK#wpa_pairwise=TKIP  # You better do not use this weak encryption (only used by old client devices)rsn_pairwise=CCMP

  A open network

  interface=wlan0ssid=My_APhw_mode=gchannel=6auth_algs=1wmm_enabled=0

  If Raspberry Pi 3 add this parameters:

  ieee80211n=1          # 802.11n supportwmm_enabled=1         # QoS supportht_capab=[HT40][SHORT-GI-20][DSSS_CCK-40]

• Edit the file /etc/default/hostapd and change the line:

  #DAEMON_CONF=""

  to

  DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"

• Configure NAT (Network Address Translation). NAT is a technique that allows several devices to use a single connection to the internet. Linux supports NAT using Netfilter (also known as iptables) and is fairly easy to set up. First, enable IP forwarding in the kernel:

  sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"

  To set this up automatically on boot, edit the file /etc/sysctl.conf and add the following line to the bottom of the file:

  net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

  To enable NAT in the kernel, run the following commands:

  sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADEsudo iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o wlan0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPTsudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlan0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT

  These instructions don’t give a good solution for rerouting https and for URLs referring to a page inside a domain, like www.nu.nl/38274.htm. The user will see a 404 error. Your Pi is now NAT-ing. To make this permanent so you don’t have to run the commands after each reboot, run the following command:

  sudo sh -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat"

  Now edit the file /etc/network/interfaces and add the following line to the bottom of the file:

  up iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat

• Fire it Up!

  sudo service hostapd startsudo service udhcpd start

• Your Pi should now be hosting a wireless hotspot. To get the hotspot to start on boot, run these additional commands:

  sudo update-rc.d hostapd enablesudo update-rc.d udhcpd enable

本文参考RPI-Wireless-Hotspot,在其基础之上网络配置部分稍作调整，在Raspberry Debian 8 上运行没有问题！