简单了解Android BLe

1.扫描设备

bluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(scaleCallback);handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {    @Override    public void run() {        bluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(scaleCallback);        progressbar.setVisibility(View.GONE);    }},10000);

扫描结果的回调

//扫描到设备之后的回调方法private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback  scaleCallback = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {    @Override    public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {        if(device.getName()!=null && device.getAddress()!=null) {            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                @Override                public void run() {                    final BlueToothItemBean bean = new BlueToothItemBean();                    bean.blueToothDevie_Name = device.getName();                    bean.blueToothDevie_Adress = device.getAddress();                    if(BlueToothDevice_Info.contains(bean)) {                        //如果集合中已经包含相同的对象，则不添加进去                    }else{                        BlueToothDevice_Info.add(bean);                        bluetoothDevices.add(device);                        adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                    }                }            });        }    }};

2，既然获取到了mac地址那么就可以进行连接了

device = bluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(deviceInfo.blueToothDevie_Adress);bluetoothGatt  = device.connectGatt(showBluetoothInfoActivity.this,false,callback);

连接结果的回调

BluetoothGattCallback callback  = new BluetoothGattCallback() {    @Override    public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, final int status, int newState) {        super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);        //连接状态        e("linxin", "onConnectionStateChange: status="+status+"----newState:"+newState );        final String statusStr2;        String statusStr = "status="+status+"---newStatus"+newState+"---";        if(newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED){            statusStr = statusStr+"连接成功";            statusStr = statusStr;            statusStr2 = statusStr;            //发现服务            bluetoothGatt.discoverServices();            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                @Override                public void run(){                    Toast.makeText(showBluetoothInfoActivity.this,"连接成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);                    deviceStatusTv.setText("连接成功");                    tv_Connectinfo.setText(tv_Connectinfo.getText()+"------------------------------"+ statusStr2);                }            });        }else if(newState==BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED){            statusStr = statusStr+"连接失败";            statusStr2 = statusStr;            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                @Override                public void run(){                    Toast.makeText(showBluetoothInfoActivity.this,"连接失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);                    deviceStatusTv.setText("连接失败");                    tv_Connectinfo.setText(tv_Connectinfo.getText()+"\\n"+ statusStr2);                }            });              if(deviceInfo.blueToothDevie_Adress!=null){                  connect();   //继续连接              }        }    }

连接之后发现服务的回调

//服务方法回调@Overridepublic void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {    super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);    if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){        e("linxin", "onServicesDiscovered: 发现服务" );         bluetoothGattService = bluetoothGatt.getService(UUID.fromString("0000fff0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));         bluetoothGattCharacteristic = bluetoothGattService.getCharacteristic(UUID.fromString("0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));    }else{        //没有发现服务        e("linxin", "onServicesDiscovered: 没有发现服务" );    }}

3通过获取到的服务和特征值发送消息

 byte[] value = new byte[20]; value[0] = (byte) 0x66; value[1] = (byte) 0X01; value[2] = (byte) 0XA1; int sum = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 19; i++) {     if (value[i] >= 0) {         sum = sum + value[i];     } else {         sum = sum + 256 + value[i];     } } value[19] = (byte) (sum % 256);
bluetoothGattCharacteristic.setWriteType(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT);
 bluetoothGattCharacteristic.setValue(value); //将设置好的特征发送出去 bluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(bluetoothGattCharacteristic); //已经发设置好的特征发出

写入数据成功的回调

//发送之后的回调@Overridepublic void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {    super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);    if(status==BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){        //写入成功        e("linxin", "onCharacteristicWrite:写入成功 " );    }else if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE){        //失败        e("linxin", "onCharacteristicWrite:写入失败 " );    }else if(status ==BluetoothGatt.GATT_WRITE_NOT_PERMITTED){        //没有写入权限        e("linxin", "onCharacteristicWrite:没有写入成功 " );    }}

当指定特征值改变的时候

//当指定特征值改变的时候调用@Overridepublic void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {    super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);    e("linxin", "onCharacteristicChanged: 特征值改变" );}

@Overridepublic void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {    super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);    e(TAG, "onCharacteristicRead:被调用 " );}

下面是连接，获取服务特征值，发送消息进行绑定，并且设置特征值有通知的完整代码

public class showBluetoothInfoActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    private static final String TAG = "linxin";    private TextView deviceNameTV, deviceAddressTV, deviceStatusTv;    private TextView tv_Connectinfo;    private Button Btn_SBI_connectDevice,tv_sendMessage;    private BlueToothItemBean deviceInfo;                           //设备的信息    private String deviceName;                           //设备的名字    private String deviceAddress;                          //设备的mac地址    private ServiceConnection serviceConnection;    private BluetoothManager bluetoothManager;    private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;    private String position;    private BlueToothService.Mybinder mybinder;    Intent startServiceIntent;//用于启动服务    //listview对应的device    // List<BluetoothDevice> bluetoothDevices;    //获得单一的device】    BluetoothDevice device ;    BluetoothGatt bluetoothGatt;    BluetoothGattService bluetoothGattService ;   //BLe的服务    BluetoothGattCharacteristic bluetoothGattCharacteristic;       //特征    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_show_bluetooth_info);        Bundle bundle = getIntent().getBundleExtra("device");        deviceInfo = (BlueToothItemBean) bundle.get("device");       // this.position = getIntent().getStringExtra("position");      //  bluetoothDevices = new GetDevice().getDevice();      //  Log.e("linxin", "onCreate: ----" + (bluetoothDevices == null));        initData();        initView();        initEvent();        deviceNameTV.setText(deviceInfo.blueToothDevie_Name);        deviceAddressTV.setText(deviceInfo.blueToothDevie_Adress);        deviceStatusTv.setText("没连接");        serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {            @Override            public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {                mybinder = (BlueToothService.Mybinder) service;            }            @Override            public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {            }        };        //启动服务       /* startServiceIntent = new Intent(this, BlueToothService.class);        bindService(startServiceIntent, serviceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);*/    }    private void initData() {        bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);        bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();    }    private void initEvent() {        Btn_SBI_connectDevice.setOnClickListener(this);        tv_sendMessage.setOnClickListener(this);    }    private void initView() {        deviceNameTV = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.device_Name);        deviceAddressTV = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.device_Address);        deviceStatusTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id._Statusing);        Btn_SBI_connectDevice = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_sbi_connectDevice);        tv_Connectinfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_connectinfo);        tv_sendMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.tv_sendMessage);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()) {            case R.id.btn_sbi_connectDevice:                //连接设备              //device.connectGatt(showBluetoothInfoActivity.this,false,callback);                connect();                break;            case R.id.tv_sendMessage:                //设备连接后，发现服务，                //发送信息进行绑定                Log.e("linxin", "onClick:点击 " );                byte[] value = new byte[20];                value[0] = (byte) 0x66;                value[1] = (byte) 0X01;                value[2] = (byte) 0XA1;                int sum = 0;                for (int i = 0; i < 19; i++) {                    if (value[i] >= 0) {                        sum = sum + value[i];                    } else {                        sum = sum + 256 + value[i];                    }                }                value[19] = (byte) (sum % 256);                bluetoothGattCharacteristic.setWriteType(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT);                bluetoothGattCharacteristic.setValue(value);                //BluetoothGattService service = bluetoothGatt.getService(UUID.fromString("0000fff0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));              // BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteri = service.getCharacteristic( UUID.fromString("0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));                //BluetoothGattDescriptor desc = characteri.getDescriptor(UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));                setCharactoristicNotifyAndWriteDescriptor(                        UUID.fromString("0000fff0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"),                        UUID.fromString("0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"),                        UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb")                );                //将设置好的特征发送出去                bluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(bluetoothGattCharacteristic); //已经发设置好的特征发出                break;        }    }    private void setCharactoristicNotifyAndWriteDescriptor(UUID uuidService, UUID uuidCharacter,                                                           UUID uuid_descriptor) {        //获得设备的特征        if (bluetoothGatt != null && bluetoothGattCharacteristic != null) {            bluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(bluetoothGattCharacteristic, true);            BluetoothGattDescriptor bluetoothGattDescriptor = bluetoothGattCharacteristic.getDescriptor(uuid_descriptor);            if (bluetoothGattDescriptor != null) {                bluetoothGattDescriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);                //descriptor 写入操作                bluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(bluetoothGattDescriptor);            }        }    }    //连接    private void connect(){        device = bluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(deviceInfo.blueToothDevie_Adress);        bluetoothGatt  = device.connectGatt(showBluetoothInfoActivity.this,false,callback);    }    @Override    protected void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        unbindService(serviceConnection);    }    BluetoothGattCallback callback  = new BluetoothGattCallback() {        @Override        public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, final int status, int newState) {            super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);            //连接状态            e("linxin", "onConnectionStateChange: status="+status+"----newState:"+newState );            final String statusStr2;            String statusStr = "status="+status+"---newStatus"+newState+"---";            if(newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED){                statusStr = statusStr+"连接成功";                statusStr = statusStr;                statusStr2 = statusStr;                //发现服务                bluetoothGatt.discoverServices();                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                    @Override                    public void run(){                        Toast.makeText(showBluetoothInfoActivity.this,"连接成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);                        deviceStatusTv.setText("连接成功");                        tv_Connectinfo.setText(tv_Connectinfo.getText()+"------------------------------"+ statusStr2);                    }                });            }else if(newState==BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED){                statusStr = statusStr+"连接失败";                statusStr2 = statusStr;                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                    @Override                    public void run(){                        Toast.makeText(showBluetoothInfoActivity.this,"连接失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);                        deviceStatusTv.setText("连接失败");                        tv_Connectinfo.setText(tv_Connectinfo.getText()+"\\n"+ statusStr2);                    }                });                  if(deviceInfo.blueToothDevie_Adress!=null){                      connect();   //继续连接                  }            }        }        //服务方法回调        @Override        public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {            super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);            if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){                e("linxin", "onServicesDiscovered: 发现服务" );                 bluetoothGattService = bluetoothGatt.getService(UUID.fromString("0000fff0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));                 bluetoothGattCharacteristic = bluetoothGattService.getCharacteristic(UUID.fromString("0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"));            }else{                //没有发现服务                e("linxin", "onServicesDiscovered: 没有发现服务" );            }        }        //发送之后的回调        @Override        public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {            super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);            if(status==BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){                //写入成功                e("linxin", "onCharacteristicWrite:写入成功 " );            }else if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE){                //失败                e("linxin", "onCharacteristicWrite:写入失败 " );            }else if(status ==BluetoothGatt.GATT_WRITE_NOT_PERMITTED){                //没有写入权限                e("linxin", "onCharacteristicWrite:没有写入成功 " );            }        }        //当指定特征值改变的时候调用        @Override        public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {            super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);            e("linxin", "onCharacteristicChanged: 特征值改变" );        }        @Override        public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {            super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);            e(TAG, "onCharacteristicRead:被调用 " );        }    };}

2017/8/1补充

 //当指定特征值改变的时候调用

        @Override
        public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
            super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);
            e("linxin", "onCharacteristicChanged: 特征值改变" );


            //发消息前我们要设置当某个特征值改变的时候有通知，然后我们给该特征发送信息，当我们发送信息后，特征值发生改变返回数据
            //我们可以在这里获取返回的值
            Log.e(TAG, "onCharacteristicChanged: "+characteristic.getUuid() );
           /* if(characteristic.getUuid().equals("0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb")){
                Log.e("linxin", "onCharacteristicChanged:相等 ");
            }*/
           byte[] bytes= characteristic.getValue();
            Log.e(TAG, "onCharacteristicChanged: " + Arrays.toString(bytes));  //这就是BLE设备返回的数据
            for(int i = 0 ; i <bytes.length;i++){
                Log.e(TAG, "bytes[i]: ===="+bytes[i]);    //打印时会自动把16进制转换成10进制,如果有负数各位大佬就要小心了
            }
            //下面的就看你的需求了。。。。。。。
            /*
            * 一个字节占8位，最大表示到256
            * */
            //BLE给我们返回的一般是16进制，我们如何把返回的16进制 打印出的int类型转换为16进制呢？


            //这个也是我在群里问dalao的
            for(int i = 0 ;i<bytes.length;i++){
                Log.e("linxin", "byte---16进制输出: "+String.format("0x%02x",(byte)bytes[i]));
            }
        }