hdu 1402 A * B Problem Plus(FFT-大整数乘法)

来源:互联网 发布:侠客风云传低配置优化 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/05 05:39

Problem Description
Calculate A * B.
 

Input
Each line will contain two integers A and B. Process to end of file.

Note: the length of each integer will not exceed 50000.
 

Output
For each case, output A * B in one line.
 

Sample Input
1210002
 

Sample Output
22000
 

Author
DOOM III
 

Recommend
DOOM III

题意简单明了:求两个大整数的乘积。

因为长度很长,所以不能用高精度直接模拟,会超时。

所以用FFT,FFT是用来解决两个多项式的卷积问题。而一个整数也可以看做是一个多项式,

一个整数A = a0*(10^0) + a1*(10^1) + (a2*10^2) + .... + a len-1 * (10^(len-1))

用FFT求出多项式的系数之后,再从地位到高位进位,最后再从后面一个不为0的位置往前面输出就行了。


#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include <iostream>#include <algorithm>#include <math.h>using namespace std;const double PI = acos(-1.0);//复数结构体struct complex{    double r,i;    complex(double _r = 0.0,double _i = 0.0)    {        r = _r; i = _i;    }    complex operator +(const complex &b)    {        return complex(r+b.r,i+b.i);    }    complex operator -(const complex &b)    {        return complex(r-b.r,i-b.i);    }    complex operator *(const complex &b)    {        return complex(r*b.r-i*b.i,r*b.i+i*b.r);    }};/* * 进行FFT和IFFT前的反转变换。 * 位置i和 (i二进制反转后位置)互换 * len必须去2的幂 */void change(complex y[],int len){    int i,j,k;    for(i = 1, j = len/2;i < len-1; i++)    {        if(i < j)swap(y[i],y[j]);        //交换互为小标反转的元素,i<j保证交换一次        //i做正常的+1,j左反转类型的+1,始终保持i和j是反转的        k = len/2;        while(j >= k)        {            j -= k;            k /= 2;        }        if(j < k) j += k;    }}/* * 做FFT * len必须为2^k形式, * on==1时是DFT,on==-1时是IDFT */void fft(complex y[],int len,int on){    change(y,len);    for(int h = 2; h <= len; h <<= 1)    {        complex wn(cos(-on*2*PI/h),sin(-on*2*PI/h));        for(int j = 0;j < len;j+=h)        {            complex w(1,0);            for(int k = j;k < j+h/2;k++)            {                complex u = y[k];                complex t = w*y[k+h/2];                y[k] = u+t;                y[k+h/2] = u-t;                w = w*wn;            }        }    }    if(on == -1)        for(int i = 0;i < len;i++)            y[i].r /= len;}const int MAXN = 200010;complex x1[MAXN],x2[MAXN];char str1[MAXN/2],str2[MAXN/2];int sum[MAXN];int main(void){    while(scanf("%s%s",str1,str2)==2)    {        int len1 = strlen(str1);        int len2 = strlen(str2);        int len = 1;        while(len < len1*2 || len < len2*2)            len<<=1;        for(int i = 0;i < len1;i++)            x1[i] = complex(str1[len1-1-i]-'0',0);        for(int i = len1;i < len;i++)            x1[i] = complex(0,0);        for(int i = 0;i < len2;i++)            x2[i] = complex(str2[len2-1-i]-'0',0);        for(int i = len2;i < len;i++)            x2[i] = complex(0,0);        fft(x1,len,1);        fft(x2,len,1);        for(int i = 0;i < len;i++)            x1[i] = x1[i]*x2[i];        fft(x1,len,-1);        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)            sum[i] = (int)(x1[i].r+0.5);        len = len1 + len2 - 1;        for(int i=0;i<len;i++)        {            sum[i+1] += sum[i]/10;            sum[i] %= 10;        }        while(sum[len] <= 0 && len > 0)            len--;        for(int i=len;i>=0;i--)            printf("%d",sum[i]);        printf("\n");    }    return 0;}