Maven使用Tomcat组件出现错误的解决方案

在Maven与Tomcat配合部署过程中，最常见的错误有三种，下面是三种错误产生的原因以及相应的完美解决办法：

1. Connection refused错误

报错信息如下：

[ERROR]Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven: tomcat7-maven-plugin: 2.0- SNAPSHOT: deploy (default-cli) on project helloworld: Cannot invoke Tomcat manager: Connection refused: connect -> [Help 1]

原因：未启动Tomcat服务器

解决办法：先启动Tomcat服务器再选择Run

2. 401错误

报错信息如下:

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin: 2.0-SNAPSHOT:deploy (default-cli) on project helloworld: Cannot invoke Tomcat manager: Server returned HTTP response code: 401 for URL: http://localhost:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=%2Fhelloworld -> [Help 1]

原因：权限问题

解决办法：在Tomcat下的conf/tomcat-users.xml文件中添加权限：

<role rolename="manager"/>  

<role rolename="admin"/>  
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>  
  <role rolename="manager-script"/>  
<user username = "admin" password = "password" roles = "admin,manager,manager-gui,manager-script" />  

</tomcat-users>

修改pom.xml文件，在<configuration>  </configuration>中添加

<username>admin</username>  <password>password</password>

3. 403错误

报错信息如下：

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin: 2.0-SNAPSHOT:deploy (default-cli) on project helloworld: Cannot invoke Tomcat manager: Server returned HTTP response code: 403 for URL: http://localhost:8080/manager/html/deploy?path=%2Fhelloworld -> [Help 1]

原因：产生该问题有可能因为两个原因，具体参见解决办法

解决办法：

1）如果使用的是Tomcat 7，需要修改pom.xml中部署的url地址，将<url>http://localhost:8080/manager</url>改<url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url>

2）给tomcat用户权限分配上，需要同时具备manager-gui和manager-script权限，正确的conf/tomcat-users.xml配置应为：

<tomcat-users>

<role rolename="manager"/>  

<role rolename="admin"/>  
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>  
  <role rolename="manager-script"/>  
<user username = "admin" password = "password" roles = "admin,manager,manager-gui,manager-script" />  

</tomcat-users>

转载自：http://yuandingjiema.iteye.com/blog/1752553