ubuntu离线安装技巧

因某些原因，开发用的电脑不能联网，如果要离线在ubuntu上安装软件包，经常会因不清楚依赖关系而不知要下哪些包，但如果另有台可联网的电脑，用的ubuntu版本也和离线机一致，则可用如下方法解决：

比如离线ubuntu上报错：bison: Command not found

显然是没安装bison，在联网ubuntu上先：

$sudo apt-get autoremove bison

卸载掉之前已安装的bison，然后再：

$sudo apt-get install bison

自动安装bison，下载的deb包（bison_1%3a2.5.dfsg-2.1_i386.deb）存放在/var/cache/apt/archives下，将其copy到离线机，安装：

$sudo dpkg -i bison_1%3a2.5.dfsg-2.1_i386.deb

结果报错：

Selecting previously unselected package bison.
(Reading database ... 215538 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking bison (from bison_1%3a2.5.dfsg-2.1_i386.deb) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of bison:
 bison depends on libbison-dev (= 1:2.5.dfsg-2.1); however:
  Package libbison-dev is not installed.
dpkg: error processing bison (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 bison

提示没有安装libbison-dev，再在联网机上：

$sudo apt-get autoremove libbison-dev

$sudo apt-get install libbison-dev

同样在/var/cache/apt/archives下获得libbison-dev_1%3a2.5.dfsg-2.1_i386.deb，将其copy到离线机，安装：

$sudo dpkg -i libbison-dev_1%3a2.5.dfsg-2.1_i386.deb

然后再安装bison_1%3a2.5.dfsg-2.1_i386.deb即能成功。