docker入门

1.Docker 是google用go语言开发的一个开源的应用容器引擎，让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个可移植的容器中，然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上，也可以实现虚拟化。容器是完全使用沙箱机制，相互之间不会有任何接口

2.组成：docker容器--守护进程          docker容器里面的应用      镜像文件

3.安装docker

https://www.docker.com/

https://store.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-server-centos

$sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

添加仓库：

sudo yum-config-manager--add-repo \https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

[xuxin@weric /]$ sudo yum-config-manager \

>     --add-repo \

>     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

已加载插件：fastestmirror

adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

设置yum使用高速缓存：sudo yum makecache fast

安装docker-ce

sudo yum install docker-ce

启动docker服务进程：

sudo systemctl start docker

xuxin@xuxin /]$ sudo systemctl start docke

运行一个容器：sudo docker run hello-world

如果没有这个容器会先下载这个容器，其后再运行。

[xuxin@xuxin /]$ sudo docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally

latest: Pulling from library/hello-world

b04784fba78d: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:f3b3b28a45160805bb16542c9531888519430e9e6d6ffc09d72261b0d26ff74f

Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!

This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

o generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.

 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.

3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the

 executable that produces the output you are currently reading.

 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it

to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with

 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:

https://cloud.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:

https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/

4：Docker的更多命令

1：查看docker的信息

$ sudo docker info

Containers: 1

Running: 0

Paused: 0

Stopped: 1

Images: 1

2：查看images

$ sudo docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

hello-world         latest              1815c82652c0        6 days ago          1.84 kB

3：查看容器

[wangjian@weric /]$ sudo docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES

8c9757a01376        hello-world         "/hello"            3 minutes ago       Exited (0) 3 minutes ago                       angry_bassi

4：删除容器

$ sudo docker rm 8c98c9

5：删除镜像

$ sudo docker rmi hello-world

Untagged: hello-world:latest

Untagged: hello-world@sha256:f3b3b28a45160805bb16542c9531888519430e9e6d6ffc09d72261b0d26ff74f

Deleted: sha256:1815c82652c03bfd8644afda26fb184f2ed891d921b20a0703b46768f9755c57

Deleted: sha256:45761469c965421a92a69cc50e92c01e0cfa94fe026cdd1233445ea00e96289a

6：添加一个用户，让当前用户属于docker组-可选的

$ cat /etc/group | grep docker

docker:x:993:

修改当前用户，属性docker组：

$ sudo usermod -a -G docker 

$ cat /etc/group | grep docker

docker:x:993:xuxin

4：配置镜像下载加速的地址

curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -shttp://57d803f6.m.daocloud.io

5：安装mysql

镜像地址：

https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/

 下载镜像：$ docker pull mysql

下载时： 下载一个：Linux - 在Linux里面安装一个Mysql.

启动这个镜像：docker run

查看正在运行的容器：

$ docker run --name mysqlA -p 3307:3306 -p 2222:22 -d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=1234  mysqlffd3faead829fe7633c92a4e3178135c9d6080463302624a902fdee6f9570e7b

$ docker ps

ONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                          NAMES

ffd3faead829        mysql               "docker-entrypoint..."   3 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp   mysqlA

一个docker容器启动成功以后，就是一个Linux启动成功了，里面又安装了一个Mysql:

$ docker exec -it mysqlA bash

root@ffd3faead829:/# ls

停止某个

docker stop  id/名称

docker start id/名称