MC/ServiceGuard HP

MC / ServiceGuard ( Multi-Computer / ServiceGuard ) 是HP 推出专门用来保护关键业务应用免遭软、硬件故障影响的特殊软件。
使用MC/ServiceGuard，多个节点(系统)被组织成一个企业群集，为本地网(LAN) 上的客户机提供高可用性的服务。MC/ServiceGuard监视程序监视每一个节点状态，并且对出现的故障很快做出反应，使应用程序的停顿成为最小。
MC系统切换发生在两种情况下：一种情况是由于系统的硬件出现故障或者应用程序故障，此时的切换是自动进行的；另一种情况是根据实际操作环境需要进行人为地切换。有两种办法来实现后一种切换。




方法1 使用cmhaltnode 命令来停止运行有程序包的节点。
# cmhaltnode -f nodename
这样，在停止该节点的同时，应用程序包会自动迁移到另外一个节点上。




方法2 使用cmhaltpkg 来起停应用程序包
1.用cmhaltpkg 命令来停止需要迁移的程序包
# cmhaltpkg pkgname
2.用cmrunpkg 来重新在别的节点上运行程序包
# cmrunpkg -n nodename pkgname
3.用cmmodpkg 修改切换属性
# cmmodpkg -e pkgname
一般来说，建议采用方法2




下面介绍几个系统管理员用得上的、有关MC的命令：
一、手动启动MC/SG
Start SG daemons and form a new cluster
#cmruncl [-f] [-v] [-n NN...]


[-f] Force cluster startup without warning message
[-v] Verbose output
[-n ] specific name(s) of node(s) to


二、单点启动后，加入另一个节点：
Start SG daemon on node(s) and join a cluster
# cmrunnode [-v] [NN...]
[-v] Verbose output




三、实现节点切换
切换分两种：本地切换( Local Switch ) 和切换( Switch )
当主节点出现网卡故障(MAC address or Hardware State Down)时，首先会进行本地切换，备份网卡开始工作；如果此时备份网卡也有故障，则系统会进行切换，备份节点接管工作。
可以手工模拟这些故障进行故障诊断或检测。


四、监测Cluster 运行状态
view information about the current SG cluster
# cmviewcl [-v] [-n NN]... [-p PN]... [-l {package|cluster|node}]
[-v] Verbose output
[-n ] View information only about the specific node_name(s).
[-p package_name... View information only about the specific
package_name(s).
[-l] pkg|clus|node Display only package, cluster or node specific
information.


五、停止Cluster 运行
halt SG cluster daemons
# cmhaltcl [-f] [-v]
[-f] Force the cluster to shutdown even if packages are currently running.
[-v] Verbose output


六、停止运行某个节点而Cluster 在其它节点继续运行
halt SG daemon on node(s) and leave the cluster
# cmhaltnode [-f] [-v] [NN...]
[-f] Force the node to halt even if there are packages running on it.
[-v] Verbose output


七、在Running Cluster 中运行某一个包
run a SG package
# cmrunpkg [-n NN] [-v] PN...
[-n ] Act on a specific node.
[-v] Verbose output




八、停止一个运行中的包
halt a SG package
# cmhaltpkg [-n NN] [-v] PN...
[-n ] Act on a specific node.
[-v] Verbose output


九、改变一个包的切换属性
enable or disable switching attributes for a SG package
# cmmodpkg [-v] [-n NN]... {-e|-d} PN...
[-v] Verbose output
[-n ] Modify attributes on specific node(s) - else globally mod.
-e enable
-d disable
PN - package(s) whose switching attributes are changed
注：CN = cluster_name NN = node_name PN = package_name
Explainations: ... = multiple occurences | = OR [descrīptor] = optional


日志文件位置：
/var/adm/syslog/syslog.log


    /etc/rc.log    /etc/rc 运行记录
    /etc/shutdownlog    关机信息
    /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log    一般系统日志
    /var/adm/wtmp    用户成功登录信息
    /var/adm/btmp    用户登录失败信息
    /var/sam/log/samlog    SAM日志
    /usr/adm/diag/LOGxxx    用工具查看
    /var/adm/nettle.LOG*    网络日志
    /var/adm/crash    core dump文件
    /var/adm/sw/swinstall.log    软件安装时的信息
    /var/adm/sw/swremove.log    卸载软件时的信息
    /var/adm/sw/swagent.log    swagentd daemon日志
    /var/adm/sulog    su用户转换的信息
    /var/adm/syslog/mail.log    系统电子邮件的信息

关机：

shutdown -hy 0

/sbin/auto_parms: checking network for DHCP server (see /etc/auto_parms.log)          System shutdown in progress     ___________________________     Stop Highly Available cluster ................................... N/A      Stopping Control Daemon ......................................... N/A      Stopping OVTrcSrv... ............................................ OK     Stop CDE login server ........................................... OK     Stop kwdbd ...................................................... N/A      Stopping HP-UX Apache-based Web Server .......................... OK     Stopping HP-UX Apache-based Web Server .......................... OK     Stopping HP-UX Tomcat-based Servlet Engine. ..................... N/A      Stopping HP-UX Webmin-based Admin ............................... OK     Stopping the HPUX Webproxy subsystem ............................ OK     Stopping HP-UX XML Web Server Tools ............................. OK     Stop Oracle Cluster Ready Services .............................. OK     Stop X print server(s) .......................................... N/A      Stop NFS server subsystem ....................................... OK     Stop Oracle Cluster Ready Services .............................. OK     Shutting down CIFS Client ....................................... N/A      Stopping Event Monitoring Service ............................... OK     Stop interrupt balance daemon ................................... N/A      Shutting down the Winbind Daemon ................................ OK     Unload/Uninstall XF86 DLKM Helper Modules ....................... OK     Stopping the gWLM Agent ......................................... OK     Reset PRM and shut down PRM daemons ............................. OK     Shutting down the System Management HomePage server ............. OK     Shutting down Perf Agent software ............................... OK     Stopping USB hub daemon ......................................... OK     Stopping audio server daemon .................................... OK     Stop auditing subsystem ......................................... OK     Stop environment monitoring daemon .............................. OK     Stop diagnostic subsystem ....................................... OK     Stop clock daemon ............................................... OK     Stop print spooler .............................................. OK     Stopping HP Disk Array Manager daemons. ......................... OK     Stop accounting ................................................. N/A      Stopping time synchronization ................................... OK     Stop vt daemon .................................................. OK     Terminating X Font Server ....................................... OK     Stop HA cluster WBEM subagent ................................... OK     Stopping HP-UX Secure Shell ..................................... OK     Stopping Instant Capacity ....................................... OK     Stop CIM cimserver subsystem .................................... OK     Stop RPC daemon ................................................. OK     Stopping SNMP PCI FDDI Network Management subAgent .............. OK     Stop DCE daemons ................................................ OK     Stop HA cluster SNMP subagent ................................... OK     Stopping OSPF MIB Network Management subAgent ................... N/A      Stopping SNMP HP-UNIX Network Management subAgent ............... OK     Stopping SNMP IPv6 Network Management subAgent .................. OK     Stopping SNMP MIB-2 Network Management subAgent ................. OK     Stopping Native Adapter Agent ................................... OK     Stopping SNMP Trap Dest Network Management subAgent ............. OK     Stopping SNMP Master Network Management daemon .................. OK     Stop HA cluster proxy daemon .................................... OK     Stopping outbound connection daemons for DDFA software .......... N/A      Stopping syslog-ng daemons ...................................... N/A      Stopping cfengine's cfservd daemon .............................. N/A      Stopping mail daemon ............................................ OK     Stopping IPv6 router advertisement daemon ....................... N/A      Stopping remote system status daemon ............................ N/A      Stopping RARP protocol daemon ................................... N/A      Stop PPPoE configuration ........................................ N/A      Stop PPP configuration .......................................... OK     Stopping router discover protocol daemon ........................ N/A      Stopping dynamic routing daemon ................................. N/A      Stopping Internet services daemon ............................... OK     Stopping multicast routing daemon ............................... N/A      Stop the Trusted Mode with NIS+ subsystem ....................... OK     Stop NFS client subsystem ....................................... OK     Stop NIS client subsystem ....................................... OK     Stop ldap client daemon ......................................... OK     Stop NIS/LDAP server subsystem .................................. N/A      Stop NIS server subsystem ....................................... OK     Stop NIS+ client subsystem ...................................... OK     Stop NIS+ server subsystem ...................................... OK     Stop NFS core subsystem ......................................... OK     Stopping name server daemon ..................................... N/A      VxVM VVR INFO V-5-4-2419 Stopping VRAS daemon ................... OK     VxVM VVR INFO V-5-4-2419 Stopping VxRSync daemon ................ OK     Unconfiguring DHCPv6 Interfaces ................................. OK     VxVM VVR INFO V-5-2-3620 Stopping Communication Daemon .......... OK     Stopping DHCPv6 Server daemon ................................... N/A      Stopping sfmdb PostgreSQL daemons ............................... OK     Unconfigure LAN interfaces ...................................... OK     Unconfigure LAN interfaces for IPv6 ............................. OK     Unconfigure HP igssn Gigabit Ethernet interfaces ................ OK     Unconfigure HP gelan Gigabit Ethernet interfaces ................ OK     Unconfigure HP iether 100BT/Gigabit Ethernet interfaces ......... OK     Unconfigure HP igelan Gigabit Ethernet interfaces ............... OK     Stop network tracing and logging daemon ......................... OK      ................................................................ OK     Stop pty allocator daemon ....................................... OK     Stop system message logging daemon .............................. OK     Stop Software Distributor agent daemon .......................... OK     Unconfigure Loopback interfaces (lo0) ........................... OK     Stopping VERITAS Enterprise Administrator Service (vxsvc) ....... OK     Stop Utmp Daemon ................................................ OK     Stop syncer daemon .............................................. OK     Stop Kernel Logging facility .................................... OK     Killing user processes .......................................... OK     Move nextboot kernel configuration into place ................... N/A      Unmount file systems ............................................ OK     VxVM INFO V-5-2-3254 Stopping all Volume Manager I/O Daemons .... OKTransition to run-level 0 is complete.Executing "/sbin/reboot -h         ".Shutdown at 15:32 (in 0 minutes)