partprobe

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partprobe

不重启的情况下重读分区

补充说明

partprobe命令 用于重读分区表,当出现删除文件后,出现仍然占用空间。可以partprobe在不重启的情况下重读分区。

语法

partprobe(选项)(参数)

选项

-d:不更新内核;-s:显示摘要和分区;-h:显示帮助信息;-v:显示版本信息。

参数

设备:指定需要确认分区表改变的硬盘对应的设备文件。

实例

使用partprobe不重启系统添加新的磁盘分区,主机自带硬盘超过300GB,目前只划分使用了3个主分区,不到70GB,如下:

[root@localhost ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 29G 3.7G  24G 14% / /dev/sda2 29G  22G 5.2G 81% /oracle tmpfs    2.0G    0 2.0G  0% /dev/shm
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor  #blocks  name   8     0  311427072 sda   8     1   30716248 sda1   8     2   30716280 sda2   8     3    8193150 sda3   8    16     976896 sdb   8    32     976896 sdc…省略其他

现在需要给系统添加1个100GB的空间存放数据文件,而又不影响现有系统上业务的运行,使用fdisk结合partprobe命令不重启系统添加一块新的磁盘分区。操作步骤如下:

第1步 添加新的磁盘分区 :

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdaThe number of cylinders for this disk is set to 38770.There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,and could in certain setups cause problems with:1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of lilo)2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 318.9 GB, 318901321728 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38770 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   id  System/dev/sda1   *           1        3824    30716248+  83  Linux/dev/sda2            3825        7648    30716280   83  Linux/dev/sda3            7649        8668     8193150   82  Linux swap / SolarisCommand (m for help): nCommand action   e   extended   p   primary partition (1-4)pSelected partition 4First cylinder (8669-38770, default 8669):Using default value 8669last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (8669-38770, default 38770): +100G   Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.The kernel still uses the old table.The new table will be used at the next reboot.Syncing disks.

第2步 使用工具partprobe让kernel读取分区信息:

[root@localhost ~]# partprobe

使用fdisk工具只是将分区信息写到磁盘,如果需要mkfs磁盘分区则需要重启系统,而使用partprobe则可以使kernel重新读取分区信息,从而避免重启系统。

第3步 格式化文件系统:

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda4mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)Filesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=4096 (log=2)Fragment size=4096 (log=2)12222464 inodes, 24416791 blocks1220839 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=0Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296746 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group16384 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks:        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632,     2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872Writing inode tables: doneCreating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information:doneThis filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.[root@localhost ~]#

第4步 mount新的分区/dev/sda4

[root@localhost ~]# e2label  /dev/sda4 /data[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sda4 /data[root@localhost ~]# dfFilesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on/dev/sda1             29753556   3810844  24406900  14% //dev/sda2             29753588  11304616  16913160  41% /oracletmpfs                  2023936         0   2023936   0% /dev/shm/dev/sda4             96132968    192312  91057300   1% /data

使用partprobe可以不用重启系统即可配合fdisk工具创建新的分区。


转自:https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/c/partprobe.html

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