310. Minimum Height Trees
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For a undirected graph with tree characteristics, we can choose any node as the root. The result graph is then a rooted tree. Among all possible rooted trees, those with minimum height are called minimum height trees (MHTs). Given such a graph, write a function to find all the MHTs and return a list of their root labels.
Format
The graph contains n
nodes which are labeled from 0
to n - 1
. You will be given the number n
and a list of undirected edges
(each edge is a pair of labels).
You can assume that no duplicate edges will appear in edges
. Since all edges are undirected, [0, 1]
is the same as [1, 0]
and thus will not appear together in edges
.
Example 1:
Given n = 4
, edges = [[1, 0], [1, 2], [1, 3]]
0 | 1 / \ 2 3
return [1]
Example 2:
Given n = 6
, edges = [[0, 3], [1, 3], [2, 3], [4, 3], [5, 4]]
0 1 2 \ | / 3 | 4 | 5
return [3, 4]
Note:
(1) According to the definition of tree on Wikipedia: “a tree is an undirected graph in which any two vertices are connected by exactly one path. In other words, any connected graph without simple cycles is a tree.”
(2) The height of a rooted tree is the number of edges on the longest downward path between the root and a leaf.
思路二 :
除了 DP 方案,没有想到其他思路,在网上借鉴了其他了的想法,理解后实现通过。
这个思路实际上是一个 BFS 思路。和常见的从根节点进行 BFS 不同,这里从叶子节点开始进行 BFS。
所有入度(即相连边数)为 1 的节点即是叶子节点。找高度最小的节点,即找离所有叶子节点最远的节点,也即找最中心的节点。
找最中心的节点的思路很简单:
- 每次去掉当前图的所有叶子节点,重复此操作直到只剩下最后的根。
根据这个思路可以回答题目中的 [ hint : How many MHTs can a graph have at most? ],只能有一个或者两个最小高度树树根。证明省略。
class Solution {public: class TreeNode{ public: int val; unordered_set<TreeNode*> neighber; TreeNode (int val){ this->val=val; } }; vector<int> findMinHeightTrees(int n, vector<pair<int, int>>& edges) { map<int,TreeNode*> mp; for(int i=0;i<n;i++){ TreeNode *p=new TreeNode(i); mp[i]=p; } pair<int,int> pa; for(int i=0;i<edges.size();i++){ pa=edges[i]; mp[pa.first]->neighber.insert(mp[pa.second]); mp[pa.second]->neighber.insert(mp[pa.first]); } map<int,TreeNode*>::iterator m_iter; while(mp.size()>2){ vector<TreeNode*> vec; for(m_iter=mp.begin();m_iter!=mp.end();m_iter++){ if(m_iter->second->neighber.size()==1){ vec.push_back(m_iter->second); } } for(int i=0;i<vec.size();i++){ TreeNode* p=*((vec[i])->neighber.begin()); p->neighber.erase((vec[i])); (vec[i])->neighber.erase(p); mp.erase((vec[i])->val); } } vector<int> res; for(m_iter=mp.begin();m_iter!=mp.end();m_iter++){ res.push_back(m_iter->first); } return res; }};
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
- 310. Minimum Height Trees
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