Spring结合Hibernate声明式事务配置

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spring提供的事务管理可以分为两类：编程式的和声明式的。编程式的，比较灵活，但是代码量大，存在重复的代码比较多；声明式的比编程式的更灵活。很多时候都会用到他的声明式事务，简单的在配置文件中进行一些规则配置，利用Spring的AOP功能就能轻松搞定事务问题；这里面涉及到一个事务的传播属性问题【Propagation】，他在TransactionDefinition接口中定义，共有7种选项可用：

    PROPAGATION_REQUIRED：支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就新建一个事务。这是最常见的选择。
    PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS：支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就以非事务方式执行。
    PROPAGATION_MANDATORY：支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就抛出异常。
    PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW：新建事务，如果当前存在事务，把当前事务挂起。
    PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED：以非事务方式执行操作，如果当前存在事务，就把当前事务挂起。
    PROPAGATION_NEVER：以非事务方式执行，如果当前存在事务，则抛出异常。
    PROPAGATION_NESTED：支持当前事务，新增Savepoint点，与当前事务同步提交或回滚。

以下为一例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName"
            value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver">
        </property>
        <property name="url"
            value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.1.1:1521:ASDF">
        </property>
        <property name="username" value="ASDFF"></property>
        <property name="password" value="ASDFF"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource">
            <ref bean="dataSource" />
        </property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">
                    org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect
                </prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <property name="mappingResources">
            <list>
                <value>.../vo/Attachment.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Author.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Docs.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/FileForder.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Files.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Users.hbm.xml</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

<bean id="fileDaoTarget" class=".......dao.FileDAO">
        <property name="sessionFactory">
            <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

<bean id="fileService" class="......serv.FileService">
        <property name="fileDao">
            <ref bean="fileDao"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory">
            <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="fileDao" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
        <property name="proxyInterfaces">
            <list>

<value>.......dao.IFileDAO</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="transactionManager">
            <ref bean="transactionManager"/>
        </property>
        <property name="target">
            <ref bean="fileDaoTarget"/>
        </property>
        <property name="transactionAttributeSource">
            <ref bean="transactionAttributeSource"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

<bean id="transactionAttributeSource" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource">
        <property name="properties">
            <props>
                <prop key="edit*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
                <prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
                <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="load*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

使用AOP：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName"
            value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver">
        </property>
        <property name="url"
            value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.1.1:1521:asdf">
        </property>
        <property name="username" value="asdf"></property>
        <property name="password" value="asdf"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource">
            <ref bean="dataSource" />
        </property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">
                    org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect
                </prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <property name="mappingResources">
            <list>
                <value>.../vo/Attachment.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Author.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Docs.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/FileForder.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Files.hbm.xml</value>
                <value>.../vo/Users.hbm.xml</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="daoOperation" expression="execution(* dao.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="daoOperation"/>
    </aop:config>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory">
            <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="fileDao" class="..dao.FileDAO">
        <property name="sessionFactory">
            <ref bean="sessionFactory"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="fileService" class="..FileService">
        <property name="fileDao">
            <ref bean="fileDao"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

事务异常的捕捉及处理可以在切入点的包围进行，如：

@Transaction

public boolean saveFile(Files file, Files file2)
{
       this.save(file);
       this.save(file2);
       return true;
}

捕捉异常：

public boolean saveFile(Files file, Files file1)

{
        try{
            return this.getFileDao().saveFile(file, file1);
        }catch(Exception e)
        {
             log.error(e);

return false;
}
}