Postman-Restfule

一，概念简述

Postman是一个软件

Restful:是一种软件架构风格，为了提供一组设计原则和约束条件，用于客户端和服务器交互的软件，

二，对于REST的理解

1，互联网软件的架构

2，REST———–>（Resource）Representational State Transfer “资源” 表现层状态转化

3，资源（Resource）:可以使一段文本，图片，一首歌。。。。就是一个具体的实在。要获得他的资源就必须访问他的URL，因此URL就成了每一个资源的地址会独一无二的标识符

4，表现层（Representation）:在这里表现层并不是指的是：例如文本的表现形式txt, 也可以用html 格式等。URL代表资源的实体，或者是代表资源的位置。他的具体表现形式，应该在HTTP请求的头信息中用Accept和Content-Type字段指定，这两个字段才是对表现层的表述

5，状态转化（State Transfer）:

​ 如果客户端想要操作服务器，必须通过某种手段，让服务器端发生“状态转化（数据和状态转化）”，而这种转化是建立在表现层之上的，所以就是表现层状态转化

6，HTTP协议里面：有四个基本操作方式

​ GET：用来获取资源

​ POST: 用来新建资源（也可以用来更新资源）

​ PUT：用来更新资源

​ DELETE：用来删除资源

7，总结；

​ Restful架构是什么：

​ 1，每一个URL代表一种资源

​ 2，客户端和服务器之间，传递这种资源的某种表现层

​ 3，客户端通过这四个HTTP动词，对服务器资源进行操作，实现“表现层状态转化”

三，用springboot+jpa 搭建Restful框架

一，项目的总体分层

1，domain

package com.yztc.demo.domain;import javax.persistence.*;@Entity@Table(name = "employee")public class Employee {    @Id    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)    private Integer id;    @Column    private String name;    @Column    private String address;    @Column    private String photo;    public Employee() {    }    public Employee(String name, String address, String photo) {        this.name = name;        this.address = address;        this.photo = photo;    }    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Employee{" +                "id=" + id +                ", name='" + name + '\'' +                ", address='" + address + '\'' +                ", photo='" + photo + '\'' +                '}';    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getAddress() {        return address;    }    public void setAddress(String address) {        this.address = address;    }    public String getPhoto() {        return photo;    }    public void setPhoto(String photo) {        this.photo = photo;    }}

2,repository

package com.yztc.demo.repository;import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee,Integer>{}

3,service

EmpService

package com.yztc.demo.service;import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;import com.yztc.demo.status.ResultMsg;import java.util.List;public interface EmpService {    /**     * 添加     * @param employee  参数是employee     * @return  返回一个对象，对象里面有状态码和属性两个属性     */    public ResultMsg saveEmployee(Employee employee);    /**     * 查找所有的     * 不需要参数     * @return  返回一个list集合，集合里面是Employee实体类     */    public List<Employee> findAllEmployee();    /**     * 根据id进行删除     * @param id 参数是id     * @return  返回一个对象。对象里面存放状态码，和信息     */    public ResultMsg deleteEmployee(Integer id);}

EmpServiceImpl

package com.yztc.demo.service;import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;import com.yztc.demo.repository.EmployeeRepository;import com.yztc.demo.status.ResultMsg;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;@Servicepublic class EmployeeServiceImpl implements EmpService {    /**     * 注入EmployeeRepository,里面提供了增删改查的方法     */    @Autowired    private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;    /**     * 添加，添加成功返回数字1，添加失败返回数字-1     * @param employee  参数是employee     * @return     */    @Override    public ResultMsg saveEmployee(Employee employee) {        try{            employeeRepository.save(employee);            return new ResultMsg(1,"添加成功");        }catch(Exception e){            e.printStackTrace();        }        return new ResultMsg(-1,"添加失败");    }    /**     * 查找所有     * @return 返回List集合     */    @Override    public List<Employee> findAllEmployee() {        return employeeRepository.findAll();    }    /**     * 删除，根据id进行删除，所以参数是id，删除成功返回数字1，删除失败返回数字-1     * @param id 参数是id     * @return     */    @Override    public ResultMsg deleteEmployee(Integer id) {        try{            employeeRepository.delete(id);            return new ResultMsg(1,"删除成功");        }catch(Exception e){            e.printStackTrace();        }        return new ResultMsg(-1,"删除失败");    }}

4,status

package com.yztc.demo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Resufuldemo1Application {   public static void main(String[] args) {      SpringApplication.run(Resufuldemo1Application.class, args);   }}

5,controller

package com.yztc.demo.controller;import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;import com.yztc.demo.service.EmpService;import com.yztc.demo.status.ResultMsg;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.List;@RestControllerpublic class EmployeeController {    /**     * 注入EmpService 以此来进行调用EmpService的方法     */    @Autowired    private EmpService empService;    /**     * 添加     * @param employee 参数是employee实体类     * @return  返回对象     */    @RequestMapping(value = "/addemployee",method = RequestMethod.POST)    public ResultMsg addEmployee(Employee employee){        System.out.println(employee);        return empService.saveEmployee(employee);    }    /**     * 查找所有的     * @return 返回一个List集合     */    @RequestMapping("/findAll")    public List<Employee> findAll(){        List<Employee> employeeList = empService.findAllEmployee();        return employeeList;    }    /**     * 根据id进行删除，返回对象ResultMsg     * @param id     * @return     */    @RequestMapping("deleteEmployee")    public ResultMsg deleteEmployee(@RequestParam Integer id){        return empService.deleteEmployee(id);    }}

6,jpa的配置文件

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverspring.datasource.username=rootspring.datasource.password=rootspring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysqlspring.jpa.show-sql=truespring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=updatespring.jpa.generate-ddl=true

7，pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>   <groupId>com.yztc.demo</groupId>   <artifactId>resufuldemo1</artifactId>   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>   <packaging>jar</packaging>   <name>resufuldemo1</name>   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>   <parent>      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>      <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->   </parent>   <properties>      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>      <java.version>1.8</java.version>   </properties>   <dependencies>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>      </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>      </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>mysql</groupId>         <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>         <version>5.1.40</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>         <artifactId>json-path</artifactId>         <scope>test</scope>      </dependency>      <dependency>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>         <scope>test</scope>      </dependency>   </dependencies>   <build>      <plugins>         <plugin>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>         </plugin>      </plugins>   </build></project>

四，在postman中输入地址来进行访问实现增删改查

2](C:\Users\gp\Desktop\知识点\图片\QQ图片20170830202032.jpg)