第六十四篇：commons-configuration使用介绍

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commons-configuration是Apache开源组织提供的用于操作配置文件的工具包。配置参数的来源可以是：Properties files、XML documents、Windows INI files、Property list files (plist)、JNDI、JDBC Datasource、System properties、Applet parameters和Servlet parameters。
下面为大家介绍几种常用的配置方法。

Properties files

首先我们创建一个属性文件，内容如下：

userId=jianggujinuserName=\u848B\u56FA\u91D1age=22descript=${userId} ${userName} ${age}1
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示例代码：

package com.gujin.configuration;import java.net.URL;import java.util.Iterator;import org.apache.commons.configuration.PropertiesConfiguration;import org.junit.Test;public class ConfigurationTest{   @Test   public void testProperties() throws Exception   {      Class<?> clazz = getClass();      URL url = clazz.getResource("configuration.properties");      PropertiesConfiguration configuration = new PropertiesConfiguration(url);      // 遍历配置的键      for (Iterator<String> iterator = configuration.getKeys(); iterator            .hasNext();)      {         System.out.println(iterator.next());      }      System.out.println(configuration.getString("userId"));      System.out.println(configuration.getInt("age"));      System.out.println(configuration.getString("descript"));   }}1
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运行结果：

userIduserNameagedescriptjianggujin22jianggujin 蒋固金 221
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XML documents

同样的，我们先来创建一个xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">  <display-name>Servlet</display-name>  <servlet>    <servlet-name>test</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>com.gujin.servlet.UrlPatternTest</servlet-class>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>test</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <filter>     <filter-name>cd</filter-name>     <filter-class>com.gujin.filter.CrossDomainFilter</filter-class>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>     <filter-name>cd</filter-name>     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping></web-app>1
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很熟悉有木有，这就是Java WEB项目的配置文件。

示例代码：

package com.gujin.configuration;import java.net.URL;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import org.apache.commons.configuration.HierarchicalConfiguration;import org.apache.commons.configuration.PropertiesConfiguration;import org.apache.commons.configuration.XMLConfiguration;import org.junit.Test;public class ConfigurationTest{   @Test   public void testXML() throws Exception   {      Class<?> clazz = getClass();      URL url = clazz.getResource("configuration.xml");      XMLConfiguration configuration = new XMLConfiguration(url);      System.out.println("RootElementName:"            + configuration.getRootElementName());      System.out.println("id:" + configuration.getProperty("[@id]"));      System.out.println("version:" + configuration.getProperty("[@version]"));      System.out.println("xmlns:xsi:"            + configuration.getProperty("[@xmlns:xsi]"));      System.out.println("xmlns:" + configuration.getProperty("[@xmlns]"));      System.out.println("xsi:schemaLocation:"            + configuration.getProperty("[@xsi:schemaLocation]"));      System.out.println("display-name:"            + configuration.getProperty("display-name"));      // 解析servlet      System.out.println("-----------------parse servlet");      List<HierarchicalConfiguration> servlets = configuration            .configurationsAt("servlet");      for (HierarchicalConfiguration servlet : servlets)      {         System.out               .println("servlet-name:" + servlet.getString("servlet-name"));         System.out.println("servlet-class:"               + servlet.getString("servlet-class"));      }      // 解析servlet mapping      System.out.println("-----------------parse servlet mapping");      List<HierarchicalConfiguration> servletMappings = configuration            .configurationsAt("servlet-mapping");      for (HierarchicalConfiguration servletMapping : servletMappings)      {         System.out.println("servlet-name:"               + servletMapping.getString("servlet-name"));         System.out.println("url-pattern:"               + servletMapping.getString("url-pattern"));      }   }}1
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运行结果：

RootElementName:web-appid:WebApp_IDversion:2.5xmlns:xsi:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instancexmlns:http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeexsi:schemaLocation:http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsddisplay-name:Servlet-----------------parse servletservlet-name:testservlet-class:com.gujin.servlet.UrlPatternTest-----------------parse servlet mappingservlet-name:testurl-pattern:/1
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