C.Primer.Plus(第六版)第17章 编程练习

//17_1//main.cpp#include <iostream>using namespace std;char temp;int count = 0;int main(){    cout<<"please enter some character:";    cin>>temp;    while(temp != '$')    {        count++;        cin>>temp;    }    cout<<"the count value is: "<<count<<endl;    return 0;}

//17_2//main.cpp#include <iostream>#include <fstream>#include <cstdlib>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(int argc,char* argv[]){    if(argc != 2)    {        cout<<"parameter don't match,error!";        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }    string str;    ofstream fout(argv[1]);    while(getline(cin,str))        fout<<str<<endl;    fout.close();    return 0;}

//17_3//main.cpp#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <fstream>#include <cstdlib>int main(int argc,char* argv[]){    using namespace std;    if(argc != 3)    {        cout<<"parameter don't match,ERROR!"<<endl;        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }    ifstream fin(argv[1]);    ofstream fout(argv[2]);    string str;    while(getline(cin,str))        fout<<str<<endl;    fin.close();    fout.close();    return 0;}

//17_4#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <fstream>#include <cstdlib>int main(int argc,char* argv[]){    using namespace std;    if(argc != 4)    {        cout<<"parameter don't match,ERROR!";        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }    ifstream fin_one(argv[1]);    ifstream fin_two(argv[2]);    ofstream fout(argv[3]);    string str1,str2;    while(!fin_one.eof() && !fin_two.eof() && getline(fin_one,str1) &&getline(fin_two,str2))        fout<<str1<<" "<<str2<<endl;    while(getline(fin_one,str1))        fout<<str1<<endl;    while(getline(fin_two,str2))        fout<<str2<<endl;    fin_one.close();    fin_two.close();    fout.close();    return 0;}

//17_5#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <fstream>#include <cstdlib>#include <list>#include <algorithm>using namespace std;const int COUNT = 30;int main(int argc,char* argv[]){    if(argc !=  4)    {        cout<<"parameter don't match!";        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }    ifstream fin_one(argv[1]);    ifstream fin_two(argv[2]);    ofstream fout(argv[3]);    string str;    list<string> listmat;    list<string> listpat;    list<string> listmerge(COUNT);    while(getline(fin_one,str))        listmat.push_back(str);    while(getline(fin_two,str))        listpat.push_back(str);    listmat.sort();    cout<<"Mat:\n";    for each(string var in listmat)        cout<<"\t"<<var<<endl;    cout<<"\n";    listpat.sort();    cout<<"Pat:\n";    for each(string var in listpat)        cout<<"\t"<<var<<endl;    cout<<"\n";    merge(listmat.begin(),listmat.end(),listpat.begin(),listpat.end(),listmerge.begin());    listmerge.unique();    cout<<"Merge:\n";    for each(string var in listmerge)        fout<<"\t"<<var<<endl;    fin_one.close();    fin_two.close();    fout.close();    return 0;}

//17_6//main.cpp#include "emp.h"const char *FileName = "1.txt";  int main()  {      std::ifstream fin;      do      {          fin.clear();          fin.open(FileName);          if (fin.is_open())          {              std::cout << "当前文件" << FileName << "内容: \n";              int count = 0;              std::string str;              while (std::getline(fin, str))              {                  abstr_emp *ptr = NULL;                  if (str == "1")                  {                      std::string fname, lname, job;                      std::getline(fin, fname);                      std::getline(fin, lname);                      std::getline(fin, job);                      ptr = new employee(fname, lname, job);                      ptr->ShowAll();                  }                  else if (str == "2")                  {                      std::string fname, lname, job, inchargeof;                      std::getline(fin, fname);                      std::getline(fin, lname);                      std::getline(fin, job);                      std::getline(fin, inchargeof);                      ptr = new manager(fname, lname, job, atoi(inchargeof.c_str()));                      ptr->ShowAll();                  }                  else if (str == "3")                  {                      std::string fname, lname, job, reportsto;                      std::getline(fin, fname);                      std::getline(fin, lname);                      std::getline(fin, job);                      std::getline(fin, reportsto);                      ptr = new fink(fname, lname, job, reportsto);                      ptr->ShowAll();                  }                  else                  {                      std::string fname, lname, job, inchargeof, reportsto;                      std::getline(fin, fname);                      std::getline(fin, lname);                      std::getline(fin, job);                      std::getline(fin, inchargeof);                      std::getline(fin, reportsto);                      ptr = new highfink(fname, lname, job, reportsto, atoi(inchargeof.c_str()));                      ptr->ShowAll();                  }                  std::getline(fin, str);              }              fin.close();          }          std::ofstream fout(FileName, std::ios::out | std::ios::app);          if (!fout.is_open())          {              std::cerr << "Can't open " << FileName << " file for output.\n";              exit(EXIT_FAILURE);          }          abstr_emp *ptr = NULL;          std::cout << "选择要生成的类型:\n";          std::cout << "1、employee\t2、manager\n3、fink\t4、highfink\n";          int ans;          std::cin >> ans;          std::cin.get();          switch (ans)          {          case 1:              ptr = new employee;              break;          case 2:              ptr = new manager;              break;          case 3:              ptr = new fink;              break;          case 4:              ptr = new highfink;              break;          default:              break;          }          ptr->SetAll();          ptr->WriteAll(fout);          char ch;          std::cout << "继续?<y/n>: ";          std::cin >> ch;          std::cin.get();          if (ch == 'n')              break;      } while (true);      fin.close();      return 0;  }  

//emp.cpp  #include "emp.h"  abstr_emp::abstr_emp() : fname("NULL"), lname("NULL"), job("NULL")  {  }  abstr_emp::abstr_emp(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j) : fname(fn), lname(ln), job(j)  {  }  abstr_emp::abstr_emp(const abstr_emp & e) : fname(e.fname), lname(e.lname), job(e.job)  {  }  void abstr_emp::ShowAll() const  {      std::cout << "fname: " << GetFname() << std::endl;      std::cout << "lname: " << GetLname() << std::endl;      std::cout << "job: " << GetJob() << std::endl;  }  void abstr_emp::SetAll()  {      SetFname();      SetLname();      SetJob();  }  void abstr_emp::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of){    of<<GetFname()<<std::endl<<GetLname()<<std::endl<<GetJob()<<std::endl<<std::endl;}  std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const abstr_emp &e)  {      os << e.fname << ", " << e.lname << ", " << e.job;      return os;  }  abstr_emp::~abstr_emp()  {  }  employee::employee() : abstr_emp()  {  }  employee::employee(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j)  {  }  void employee::ShowAll() const  {      abstr_emp::ShowAll();  }  void employee::SetAll()  {      abstr_emp::SetAll();  }  void employee::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of){    of<<"1"<<std::endl;    of<<GetFname()<<std::endl<<GetLname()<<std::endl<<GetJob()<<std::endl<<std::endl;}  manager::manager() : abstr_emp()  {      inchargeof = 0;  }  manager::manager(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j, int ico) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j)  {      inchargeof = ico;  }  manager::manager(const abstr_emp & e, int ico) : abstr_emp(e)  {      inchargeof = ico;  }  manager::manager(const manager & m) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)m)  {      inchargeof = m.inchargeof;  }  void manager::ShowAll() const  {      abstr_emp::ShowAll();      std::cout << "inchargeof: " << InChargeOf() << std::endl;  }  void manager::SetAll()  {      abstr_emp::SetAll();      SetInChargeOf();  }  void manager::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of){    of<<"2"<<std::endl;    of<<GetFname()<<std::endl<<GetLname()<<std::endl<<GetJob()<<std::endl<<inchargeof<<std::endl<<std::endl;}  fink::fink() : abstr_emp()  {      reportsto = "NULL";  }  fink::fink(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j, const std::string & rpo) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j)  {      reportsto = rpo;  }  fink::fink(const abstr_emp & e, const std::string & rpo) : abstr_emp(e)  {      reportsto = rpo;  }  fink::fink(const fink & e) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)e)  {      reportsto = e.reportsto;  }  void fink::ShowAll() const  {      abstr_emp::ShowAll();      std::cout << "reportsto" << ReportsTo() <<  std::endl;  }  void fink::SetAll()  {      abstr_emp::SetAll();      SetReportsto();  }  void fink::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of){    of<<"3"<<std::endl;    of<<GetFname()<<std::endl<<GetLname()<<std::endl<<GetJob()<<std::endl<<reportsto<<std::endl<<std::endl;}  highfink::highfink() : abstr_emp(), manager(), fink()  {  }  highfink::highfink(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j, const std::string & rpo, int ico) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j), manager(fn, ln, j, ico), fink(fn, ln, j, rpo)  {  }  highfink::highfink(const abstr_emp & e, const std::string & rpo, int ico) : abstr_emp(e), manager(e, ico), fink(e, rpo)  {  }  highfink::highfink(const fink & f, int ico) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)f), manager((const abstr_emp &)f, ico), fink(f)  {  }  highfink::highfink(const manager & m, const std::string & rpo) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)m), manager(m), fink((const abstr_emp &)m, rpo)  {  }  highfink::highfink(const highfink & h) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)h), manager((const manager &)h), fink((const fink &)h)  {  }  void highfink::ShowAll() const  {      abstr_emp::ShowAll();      std::cout << "inchargeof: " << InChargeOf() << std::endl;      std::cout << "reportsto: " << ReportsTo() << std::endl;  }  void highfink::SetAll()  {      abstr_emp::SetAll();      manager::SetInChargeOf();      fink::SetReportsto();  }  void highfink::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of){    of<<"4"<<std::endl;    of<<GetFname()<<std::endl<<GetLname()<<std::endl<<GetJob()<<std::endl<<InChargeOf()<<std::endl<<ReportsTo()<<std::endl<<std::endl;}  

//emp.h  #ifndef EMP_H_  #define EMP_H_  #include <iostream> #include <fstream>#include <string>  class abstr_emp  {  private:      std::string fname;      std::string lname;      std::string job;  protected:      const std::string &GetFname() const{ return fname; }      const std::string &GetLname() const { return lname; }      const std::string &GetJob() const { return job; }      void SetFname() { std::cout << "Input Fname: "; std::getline(std::cin, fname); }      void SetLname() { std::cout << "Input Lname: "; std::getline(std::cin, lname); }      void SetJob() { std::cout << "Input Job: "; std::getline(std::cin, job); }  public:      abstr_emp();      abstr_emp(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j);      abstr_emp(const abstr_emp &e);      virtual void ShowAll() const;      virtual void SetAll();     virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream & of);    friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const abstr_emp &e);      virtual ~abstr_emp() = 0;  };  class employee : public abstr_emp  {  public:      employee();      employee(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j);      ~employee() {}      virtual void ShowAll() const;      virtual void SetAll();      virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream & of);};  class manager : virtual public abstr_emp  {  private:      int inchargeof;  protected:      int InChargeOf() const { return inchargeof; }      int &InChargOf() { return inchargeof; }      void SetInChargeOf() { std::cout << "Input InChargeOf: "; std::cin >> inchargeof; std::cin.get(); }  public:      manager();      manager(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j, int ico = 0);      manager(const abstr_emp &e, int ico);      manager(const manager &m);      ~manager() {}      virtual void ShowAll() const;      virtual void SetAll();      virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream & of);};  class fink : virtual public abstr_emp  {  private:      std::string reportsto;  protected:      const std::string ReportsTo() const { return reportsto; }      std::string &ReportsTo() { return reportsto; }      void SetReportsto() { std::cout << "Input reportsto: "; std::getline(std::cin, reportsto); }  public:      fink();      fink(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j, const std::string &rpo);      fink(const abstr_emp &e, const std::string &rpo);      fink(const fink &e);      ~fink() {}      virtual void ShowAll() const;      virtual void SetAll();     virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream & of);};  class highfink : public manager, public fink  {  public:      highfink();      highfink(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j, const std::string &rpo, int ico);      highfink(const abstr_emp &e, const std::string &rpo, int ico);      highfink(const fink &f, int ico);      highfink(const manager &m, const std::string &rpo);      highfink(const highfink &h);      ~highfink() {}      virtual void ShowAll() const;      virtual void SetAll();      virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream & of);};  #endif  

//17_7#include <iostream>  #include <fstream>  #include <string>  #include <vector>  #include <algorithm>  #include <cstdlib>void ShowStr(const std::string & str){    std::cout<<str<<std::endl;}class Store{    std::ofstream & of;public:    Store(std::ofstream &out):of(out) {}    void operator()(const std::string &str)    {         size_t len = str.size();                   of.write((char*)&len, sizeof(std::size_t));            of.write(str.data(), len);         }};void GetStrs(std::ifstream &is, std::vector<std::string> &vec)  {     size_t len;         while (is.read((char *)&len, sizeof(size_t)))      {   循环次数为目标文件中需恢复的数据长度        char *st = new char[len];          is.read(st, len);           st[len + 1] = '\0';            vec.push_back(st);      }  }  //该程序以二进制打开文件，并使用read()和write()来完成I/O.int main()  {      using namespace std;      vector<string> vostr;      string temp;      cout << "Enter strings (empty line to quit):\n";      while (getline(cin, temp) && temp[0] != '\0')          vostr.push_back(temp);      cout << "Here is your input.\n";      for_each(vostr.begin(), vostr.end(), ShowStr);      ofstream fout("strings.txt", ios_base::out | ios_base::binary);      for_each(vostr.begin(), vostr.end(), Store(fout));      fout.close();      vector<string> vistr;      ifstream fin("strings.txt", ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);      if (!fin.is_open())      {          cerr << "Could not open file for input.\n";          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);      }      GetStrs(fin, vistr);      cout << "\nHere are the strings read form the file:\n";      for_each(vistr.begin(), vistr.end(), ShowStr);      return 0;  }