Spring事务配置的五种方式--很好的总结

前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。

总结如下：Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。具体如下图：

Spring事务配置 (2)

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

《?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
《beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
xmlns:aop=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd“>

<bean id="sessionFactory"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />      <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /></bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean><!-- 配置DAO --><bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean><bean id="userDao"      class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">         <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />         <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />       <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />    <!-- 配置事务属性 -->      <property name="transactionAttributes">          <props>              <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>        </props>      </property>  </bean>  

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

《?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
《beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
xmlns:aop=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd“>

<bean id="sessionFactory"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />      <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /></bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean><bean id="transactionBase"          class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"          lazy-init="true" abstract="true">      <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->      <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />      <!-- 配置事务属性 -->      <property name="transactionAttributes">          <props>              <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>          </props>      </property>  </bean>    <!-- 配置DAO --><bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean><bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >      <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />   </bean>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

《?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
《beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
xmlns:aop=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd“>

<bean id="sessionFactory"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />      <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /></bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean> <bean id="transactionInterceptor"      class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">      <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />      <!-- 配置事务属性 -->      <property name="transactionAttributes">          <props>              <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>          </props>      </property>  </bean><bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">      <property name="beanNames">          <list>              <value>*Dao</value>        </list>      </property>      <property name="interceptorNames">          <list>              <value>transactionInterceptor</value>          </list>      </property>  </bean>  <!-- 配置DAO --><bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

《?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
《beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
xmlns:aop=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
xmlns:tx=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd“>

<context:annotation-config /><context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /><bean id="sessionFactory"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />      <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /></bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean><tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">    <tx:attributes>        <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />    </tx:attributes></tx:advice><aop:config>    <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"        expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />    <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"        pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />        </aop:config>      

第五种方式：全注解
《?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
《beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
xmlns:aop=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
xmlns:tx=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd“>

<context:annotation-config /><context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /><tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/><bean id="sessionFactory"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">      <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />      <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /></bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component(“userDao”)
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

public List<User> listUsers() {    return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();}

}

转载地址：http://www.blogjava.net/robbie/archive/2009/04/05/264003.html