网络编程复习(八):Netty解决拆包粘包问题--定长方式

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这里说道定长方式,个人觉得定长这种定义方式还是不够方便,因为当数据没有达到规定的长度的时候,你就必须用空格(或其他字符)补齐长度,否则这段不够的数据将会丢失。

在Netty中,分隔符与定长唯一的实现区别就是DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(自定义分隔符)改为了FixedLengthFrameDecoder定长类。

注意:使用定长类,会有中文乱码问题,这里就要说说Netty的编解码技术了,下一章会说,同时除了这两种方式,还有第三张就是自定义传输协议,分为消息头和消息体,消息头会定义消息体的长度,这样就可以知道数据有多长,同样可以解决拆包粘包问题。

关于自定义协议可以看这篇文章,这里我就不说了

http://blog.csdn.net/zbw18297786698/article/details/53691915

client:

package 网络编程_netty2;import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder;import io.netty.handler.codec.FixedLengthFrameDecoder;import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;public class client {public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {EventLoopGroup worker = new NioEventLoopGroup();Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();bootstrap.group(worker) .channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {@Overridepublic void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {//ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("$_".getBytes());//ch.pipeline().addLast(new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(1024, buf));//自定义分隔符ch.pipeline().addLast(new FixedLengthFrameDecoder(5));ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder());//设置字符串形式的解码ch.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());}});ChannelFuture f = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 8888).sync();f.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.wrappedBuffer("aaaaabbbbbb".getBytes()));f.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.wrappedBuffer("bbbb".getBytes()));f.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.wrappedBuffer("ccccccc".getBytes()));f.channel().closeFuture().sync();worker.shutdownGracefully();}}

serverhandler类和clientHandler类与上一章一样,这里就不复制了。

server:

package 网络编程_netty2;import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder;import io.netty.handler.codec.FixedLengthFrameDecoder;import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;public class Server {private int port;public Server(int port){this.port = port;}public void run()throws Exception{EventLoopGroup boss = new NioEventLoopGroup();EventLoopGroup workers = new NioEventLoopGroup();ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();bootstrap.group(boss, workers) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {@Overridepublic void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {//ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("$_".getBytes());//ch.pipeline().addLast(new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(1024, buf));ch.pipeline().addLast(new FixedLengthFrameDecoder(5));ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder());ch.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());}});ChannelFuture f = bootstrap.bind(port).sync();f.channel().closeFuture().sync();workers.shutdownGracefully();boss.shutdownGracefully();}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {new Server(8888).run();}}
注意:我client端发送的数据是不够长度的,因此会造成数据丢失,用空格补全就可以了,这里就不贴了,下面看下输出内容:

client端:

hellohellohellohello

server端:

aaaaabbbbbbbbbbccccc



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