SSM学习

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最近学习了,SSM框架,MyBatis感觉比较简单,边看边写两三天, 只能说是知道怎么用,还不敢说有多深的理解; Spring 呢,就比较复杂了, 理论的讲解有好多,我这性子耐不住,就直接上手;利用课余时间,大概一个星期,才能基本使用;不得不说,还是多写代码管用; 在这里对最近学的进行一系列总结,以后忘了的时候还能翻过来看看;
(一)创建项目
创建maven 项目,archetype 选webapp ;生成后在main下建一个java文件夹,标记为Sources Root
在pom.xml中添加必要的依赖
db.properties :

##########//jdbcjdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8jdbc.username=rootjdbc.password=root##########//c3p0maxPoolSize=200minPoolSize=5initialPoolSize=10checkoutTimeout=300000

log4j.properties :

# ERROR ----> WARN ---> INFO --->  DEBUG log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout, logfile# stdoutlog4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayoutlog4j.logger.org.apache=DEBUG# logfilelog4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppenderlog4j.appender.logfile.File=asset.loglog4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%p %d %F %M  %m%nlog4j.logger.org.apache=DEBUG

(二)mybatis配置
创建一个mybatis.xml文件,对mybaits进行配置

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>< !DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">< configuration>    <typeAliases>         <typeAlias alias="User" type="com.yihaomen.mybatis.model.User"/>     </typeAliases>     <environments default="development">        <environment id="development">        <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>            <dataSource type="POOLED">            <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>            <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test" />            <property name="username" value="root"/>            <property name="password" value="root"/>            </dataSource>        </environment>    </environments>    <mappers>        <mapper resource="com/yihaomen/mybatis/model/User.xml"/>    </mappers>< /configuration>

然后建立model、mapper、test包;
这里写图片描述
Main中的测试代码:

 public class Main {//    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;    private static Reader reader;     static{        try{            reader    = Resources.getResourceAsReader("Configuration.xml");            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);        }catch(Exception e){            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public static SqlSessionFactory getSession(){        return sqlSessionFactory;    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();        try {        StudentMapper studentMapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);         Student stu = studentMapper.selStudentById(1);        System.out.println(stu);        } finally {        session.close();        }    }}

(三)Spring
创建applicationContext.xml文件
配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">    <!-- 配置Controller扫描 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com" />    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}" />        <property name="minPoolSize" value="${minPoolSize}" />        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initialPoolSize}" />        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="${checkoutTimeout}" />    </bean>    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">        <!--dataSource属性指定要用到的连接池-->        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>        <!--configLocation属性指定mybatis的核心配置文件-->        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"/>    </bean>    <!--配置Mapper扫描-->    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">        <!-- 配置Mapper扫描包 -->        <property name="basePackage" value="com.mapper" />    </bean></beans>

在使用了Spring后,spring 的配置文件完全可以取代mybatis的配置文件,可以把configuration 下的配置删除,但是在配置sqlSessionFactory时还要加载,所以有一个空的mybatis文件;数据源也都在spring 中配置;
同样在Main中测试:

public class Main{ private static ApplicationContext ctx;    static    {        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");    }    public static void main(String[] args)    {        StudentMapper mapper = (StudentMapper) ctx.getBean("studentMapper");        //测试id=1的用户查询,根据数据库中的情况,可以改成你自己的.        System.out.println("得到用户id=1的用户信息");        Student stu = mapper.selStudentById(1);        System.out.println(stu);    }}

这里还没有用到注释,后面会使用;

(四)spring-mvc
spring-mvc.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">    <!-- 配置Controller扫描 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller" />    <!-- 配置注解驱动 -->    <mvc:annotation-driven />    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->    <bean   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <!-- 前缀 -->        <property name="prefix" value="/" />        <!-- 后缀 -->        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />    </bean></beans>

还需要配置web.xml:

 <context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>  </context-param>  <!-- 配置监听器加载spring -->  <listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  </listener>  <!-- 配置过滤器,解决post的乱码问题 -->  <filter>    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>  <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->  <servlet>    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    <init-param>      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>    </init-param>    <!-- 配置springmvc什么时候启动,参数必须为整数 -->    <!-- 如果为0或者大于0,则springMVC随着容器启动而启动 -->    <!-- 如果小于0,则在第一次请求进来的时候启动 -->    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>    <!-- 所有的请求都进入springMVC -->    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>

不要忘记添加Tomcat
编写一个controller 测试

@Controller@RequestMapping("/main")public class StudentController {    @Autowired    private StudentMapper studentMapper;    @RequestMapping("/sel")    public String selStudentById(Student stu){        stu = studentMapper.selStudentById(1);        System.out.println(stu);        return "success";    }}

index.jsp:

<html><head>    <title>Title</title></head><body>    <a href="/main/sel" >aaaaa</a></body></html>

success.jsp 随便写点就可以 点击链接能跳转到success.jsp 就说明成功了;

(五)出现的问题及解决
这些问题都是比较常见的,刚学的时候困扰了我好久,写出来也给自己记录一下;
1) 找不到mapper.xml 文件
写代码的时候,或者反向生成的 mapper接口和mapper.xml经常放在同一个包下,然后就发现运行会找不到xml文件;
查了几个帖子 有两种解决办法
1> 在resources建立与java下mapper 同样的目录,mapper.xml 放在此目录下; 因为某些原因,项目在编译时会忽略java路径下的xml文件;
2>比较省事的做法 在pom.xml中添加配置,

  1. <resources>    2.         <resource>    3.             <directory>src/main/java</directory>    4.             <includes>    5.                 <include>**/*.xml</include>    6.             </includes>    7.             <filtering>false</filtering>    8.         </resource>    9.     </resources> 

这样就能找到java下的xml文件了;
2)自动扫描mapper
起初使用mybatis时 需要对每一个mapper 写一个MapperFactoryBean 太过繁琐
使用MapperScannerConfigurer 自动扫描

<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">  <property name="basePackage" value="org.mybatis.spring.sample.mapper" /></bean>

自动扫描注入 默认名字是接口名,首字母小写

(3)别名
别名,对包下的类默认 首字母小写

<typeAliases>     <package name="cn.lxc.vo" /></typeAliases>

暂时这些,有几个记不清了 先到再补充

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