Socket编程 (异步通讯,解决Tcp粘包)

来源：互联网发布：哈尔滨软件开发bcweb 编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/20 20:58

　　从上一章的通讯中，我们发现如果使用Tcp连续发送消息会出现消息一起发送过来的情况，这样给我们编程造成一定的问题，给我们的信息解析造成一定的问题。那么这篇文章就将针对以上问题给出解决方案......

问题一般会出现的情况如下,假设我们连续发送两条两天记录("我是liger_zql")：

模拟发送示例：

　#region 测试消息发送,并匹配协议  TcpClient client = new TcpClient();  client.AsynConnect();  Console.WriteLine("下面将连续发送2条测试消息...");  Console.ReadKey();  MessageProtocol msgPro;  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)  {  　　msgPro = new MessageProtocol("我是liger_zql");  　　Console.WriteLine("第{0}条：{1}", i + 1, msgPro.MessageInfo.Content);  　　client.AsynSend(msgPro);  }  #endregion

接收端接受两条信息会出现如下三种情况：

　　1.(1)我是liger_zql(2)我是liger_zql

　　2.(1)我是liger_zql我是(2)liger_zql

　　3.(1)我是liger_zql我是liger_zql

通过以上三种情况，显然2、3都不是我们想要的结果。那么如何处理这中情况呢？

解决方案：通过自定义协议...

我们可以以将信息以xml的格式发送出去，列入<protocol>content</protocol>通过正则匹配信息是否完整，如果不完整，我们可以先将本次接受信息缓存接受下一次信息，再次匹配得到相应的结果。

将信息对象转换成一定格式的xml字符串：

　　 /// <summary>    /// 文本信息    /// </summary>    public class MessageInfo    {        public string Content { get; set; }//信息内容        public MessageInfo(string content)        {            this.Content = content;        }        public override string ToString()        {            return String.Format("<message Content=\"{0}\" />", this.Content);        }    }    /// <summary>    /// 文件信息    /// </summary>    public class RequestFile    {        public string Address { get; set; }//发送端Ip        public int Port { get; set; }//端口号        public RequestMode Mode { get; set; }//请求类        public FileObject FileObject { get; set; }//文件详细参数        public RequestFile() { }        public RequestFile(RequestMode mode, FileObject fileobject)        {            this.Mode = mode;            this.FileObject = fileobject;        }        public RequestFile(string address, int port, RequestMode mode, FileObject fileobject)        {            this.Address = address;            this.Port = port;            this.Mode = mode;            this.FileObject = fileobject;        }        public RequestFile(string address, int port, RequestMode mode, string filename, long filelength, int packetsize, long packetcount)        {            this.Address = address;            this.Port = port;            this.Mode = mode;            this.FileObject = new FileObject(filename, filelength, packetsize, packetcount);        }        public override string ToString()        {            StringBuilder sbString = new StringBuilder();            sbString.Append("<message ");            sbString.Append(String.Format("Address=\"{0}\" ", Address));            sbString.Append(String.Format("Port=\"{0}\" ", Port));            sbString.Append(String.Format("Mode=\"{0}\" ", Mode));            sbString.Append(String.Format("FileName=\"{0}\" ", FileObject.FileName));            sbString.Append(String.Format("FileLength=\"{0}\" ", FileObject.FileLength));            sbString.Append(String.Format("PacketSize=\"{0}\" ", FileObject.PacketSize));            sbString.Append(String.Format("PacketCount=\"{0}\" ", FileObject.PacketCount));            sbString.Append("/>");            return sbString.ToString();        }    }    /// <summary>    /// 订立信息协议    /// </summary>    public class MessageProtocol    {        public MessageType MessageType { get; set; }        public MessageInfo MessageInfo { get; set; }        public RequestFile RequestFile { get; set; }        public MessageProtocol() { }        public MessageProtocol(string msg)        {            MessageType = MessageType.text;            MessageInfo = new MessageInfo(msg);        }        public MessageProtocol(RequestMode mode, FileObject fileobject)        {            MessageType = MessageType.file;            RequestFile = new RequestFile(mode, fileobject);        }        public MessageProtocol(string address, int port, RequestMode mode, FileObject fileobject)        {            MessageType = MessageType.file;            RequestFile = new RequestFile(address, port, mode, fileobject);        }        public override string ToString()        {            StringBuilder sbString = new StringBuilder();            sbString.Append(String.Format("<protocol Type=\"{0}\">", MessageType));            if (MessageType == MessageType.text)            {                sbString.Append(MessageInfo.ToString());            }            else            {                sbString.Append(RequestFile.ToString());            }            sbString.Append("</protocol>");            return sbString.ToString();        }        public byte[] ToBytes()        {            return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(this.ToString());        }    }

对接收的信息通过正则进行匹配处理：

　　　　 //临时缓存        public string temp = string.Empty;        //匹配协议获取信息        public List<MessageProtocol> HandlerString(string msg)        {            List<MessageProtocol> msgProList = new List<MessageProtocol>();            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(temp))            {                msg = temp + msg;            }            string pattern = "(^<protocol Type=.*?>.*?</protocol>)";            if (Regex.IsMatch(msg, pattern))            {                //匹配协议内容                string match = Regex.Match(msg, pattern).Groups[0].Value;                //将匹配的内容添加到集合                msgProList.Add(HandlerObject(match));                temp = string.Empty;                //截取未匹配字符串，进行下一次匹配                msg = msg.Substring(match.Length);                if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(msg))                {                    msgProList.AddRange(HandlerString(msg));                }            }            else            {                temp = msg;            }            return msgProList;        }

然后将该定义的协议换换成信息对象，通过对象获取自己想要的信息。

        //将已转成协议信息转成对象信息        public MessageProtocol HandlerObject(string protocol)        {            XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();            xmldoc.LoadXml(protocol);            XmlNode root = xmldoc.DocumentElement;            XmlNode msgnode = root.SelectSingleNode("message");            MessageProtocol msgPro = new MessageProtocol();            if (root.Attributes["Type"].Value == MessageType.text.ToString())            {                msgPro.MessageType = MessageType.text;                msgPro.MessageInfo = new MessageInfo(msgnode.Attributes["Content"].Value);            }            else            {                msgPro.MessageType = MessageType.file;                RequestMode mode = (RequestMode)Enum.Parse(typeof(RequestMode), msgnode.Attributes["Mode"].Value);                FileObject fileobject = new FileObject();                fileobject.FileName = msgnode.Attributes["FileName"].Value;                fileobject.FileLength = Convert.ToInt64(msgnode.Attributes["FileLength"].Value);                fileobject.PacketSize = Convert.ToInt32(msgnode.Attributes["PacketSize"].Value);                fileobject.PacketCount = Convert.ToInt64(msgnode.Attributes["PacketCount"].Value);                msgPro.RequestFile = new RequestFile(                    msgnode.Attributes["Address"].Value,                    Convert.ToInt32(msgnode.Attributes["Port"].Value),                    mode, fileobject);            }            return msgPro;        }

最后运行结果如下：

好了Tcp粘包的问题我们解决了。下一章我们将解决Udp丢包的个人解决方案！

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