String to Integer (atoi)
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题目描述
解题思路
题目要求将一个字符串转换成整数,难度一般,主要是对于输入情况以及返回值情况的考虑比较多,根据题目要求主要有以下几点:
- The function first discards as many whitespace characters as necessary until the first non-whitespace character is found
- Then, starting from this character, takes an optional initial plus or minus sign followed by as many numerical digits as possible, and interprets them as a numerical value
- The string can contain additional characters after those that form the integral number, which are ignored and have no effect on the behavior of this function
- If the first sequence of non-whitespace characters in str is not a valid integral number, or if no such sequence exists because either str is empty or it contains only whitespace characters, no conversion is performed
- If no valid conversion could be performed, a zero value is returned. If the correct value is out of the range of representable values, INT_MAX (2147483647) or INT_MIN (-2147483648) is returned。
c++代码实现
class Solution {public: int myAtoi(string str) { if (str.empty()) return 0; int sign = 1, base = 0, i = 0; while (i < str.length() && str[i] == ' ') ++i; if (str[i] == '+' || str[i] == '-') { sign = (str[i++] == '+') ? 1 : -1; } while (i < str.length() && (str[i] >= '0' && str[i] <= '9')) { if (base > INT_MAX / 10 || (base == INT_MAX / 10 && str[i] - '0' > 7)) { return (sign == 1) ? INT_MAX : INT_MIN; } base = 10 * base + (str[i++] - '0'); } return base * sign; }};
运行结果:
反思与总结
此题难度一般,主要是考虑输入情况的多样性,而这题情况其实还算蛮少的,这里有一篇对于是否是数字的详细的验证,考虑的十分全面,值得学习。
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