字幕：《李开复谈创新思维》上

谢谢大家
Thanks everyone
观众朋友 大家好
Hello  everyone
谢谢您收看我们节目
Thank you for tuning in
在上期节目中呢
In our last program
我们听了来自美国卡尔顿大学
We attended a class given by
赵启光教授
Professor Zhao Qiguang from Carleton College in USA
所讲的一节课 是高中语文课
It was a high school Chinese class
今天我们的节目
Today, our program is also
还是老师给学生上课
in the form of teaching
这节课的内容是讲创新思维
In this class, we will talk about creative thinking
参加今天上课的学生一共有九位
We have nine students here today
这边两组同学
The first two groups are from
他们都来自北京的各个大学
universities in Beijing
我们在网真系统里面连接的是
Our Internet video system (CISCO’s Tele-present)
四川成都的三位大学生 你们好
Will connect 3 students from Chengdu, Sichuan
你们好
How are you
那么今天演播室的
Today in our studio
还有两位评论员
We are fortunate to have two guests
一位是美国普林斯顿大学
One is Dr. Zhang Ning from Princeton University
经济学博士张宁先生
Who has Ph.D in economics
一位是北京牛栏山一中的全斌老师
The other is Mr.Quan Bin, a teacher at Beijing Niulanshan No 1 Middle School
今天来现场的
I'd also like to welcome
还有很多的老师 学生
a number of teachers, students
和社会各界关心教育的人士
and others for your participation
一并欢迎大家 谢谢你们
Thank you all and welcome

最后我们要请出
Last but not least let's bring out
今天给我们讲课的老师
our key speaker of today
他不仅在苹果 微软 Google等
He is not only working in the world's most innovative companies
世界最具创新性的企业任职
such as Apple, Microsoft and Google
而且他本人也主导研发过
He has also lead in R & D
很多新的科技产品
And invented a number of high-tech products
他就是Google的全球副总裁
He is vice president of Google International
大中华区总裁李开复先生 有请
CEO of Google Greater China Region Dr. Li Kaifu.

你好李先生
Hello Mr. Li
你好
Hello

那么接下来的时间交给李先生来完成
In the following time,I will leave the platform to Mr. Li
我会坐在那边去
And I will sit over there
李先生你有请
Mr. Li, please
好 谢谢
Thank you
好的 谢谢主持人
Thank you, our host
谢谢两位老师
And thank you the two teachers
还有九位同学
And nine students
欢迎你们参加今天我的讲课
Welcome to my talk today
我想先让你们每一位
I want each of you to
做一个自我介绍
Make a self-introduction first
我希望你们讲一句
I hope you will tell me
你做的最有创新的事情
The most innovative thing you have ever done

大家好 我叫程晓行
Hello, everyone. My name is Cheng Xiaoxing
在奥运会期间改了一下
During Beijing Olympics
我们那个PRD(成绩打印发布)工作的方式
I improved our PRD working approach
使我们的工作更有效率
Which increased our work efficiency
这样我们的工作的失误就更少
Made less mistakes
并且送报告的速度也更加快
And sped up our report delivery.
非常好
Its pretty good
我是来自北京邮电大学
I am from Beijing University of Post and Teleommunications
大四的学生孔露婷
My name is Kong Luting, in my fourth year
我做的最有创新的一件事情
The most innovative thing I've ever done is to
就是今天能够来上开复老师的一堂课
Come to Teacher Kaifu's class today
因为在我平常的学习生活中
Because I have little chance to
能接触到开复老师的机会并不是很多
Meet with Teacher Li in my daily life
而且这件事跟我平常的学习
And to meet you
有很大的差别
Is very different from my daily study
那我觉得这就是一种创新 谢谢
So I think this is a kind of innovation  Thanks
要感谢主持单位
Thank you for hosting this program.
这也是我第一次来参加这么创新的节目
This is also my first time to come to such show about innovation
下面请王同学
Let us welcome student Wang
我叫王恒 来自中国传媒大学
My name is Wang Heng, I am from Communication University of China
创新的事情 我感觉
The innovative thing for me,
同时也是很荣幸的事情
At same time also a privileged thing is
就是自己能够入选
To be chosen to be
2008年北京奥运会火炬手
A torch carrier for Beijing Olympics
我叫秦利静
My name is Tai Lijing
来自北京科技大学
I am from Beijing Science and Technology University
我觉得我做的最有创新意义的事
I feel the most innovative thing for me
是进行一些文学创作
Is fictional writing
我叫蒋彪彬
My name is Jiang Biaobin
来自北京理工大学
I am from Beijing Institute of Technology
我最有创新的一件事情是
My most creative thing is to
有一回天气很冷
On a very cold day
我下午穿了一件短袖去上课
I wear a short sleeve shirt to class
然后成为了一道风景线
It got everyone’s attention
我觉得创新应该从另类开始
I think innovation starts from
另类的创新
Being different.
OK

 

大家好
Hello  everyone
我是来自北京师范大学的
I am from Beijing Normal University
研二的学生
I am in my second year as a graduate student there
我叫孙嘉卿
My name is Sun Jiaqin
我在大三的时候
When I was in my junior year in college
自己独立写了一本书
I wrote a book all by myself
运用了我所学到的心理学的知识
Drawing on what I know about psychology
对我来说是一个挑战
That was a challenge to me
那我认为这也算是一个创新
And I think it is also an innovation
你讲得非常好
Well said
那么现在
Now, let us hear
我们转移到成都的王同学
From the students from Chengdu
我是来自电子科技大学的王彦
I am Wang Yan, from University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
做的最创新的一件事情
The most creative thing for me was to
是我自己编写了软件
write a financial management software
对家里面的那个财务进行了管理
For my family
我是来自四川大学的黄高玮
I am Huang Gaowei from Sichuan University
（我做的）最创新的事情就是
My most innovative thing was to
参加了形式非常创新的
Join the very innovative
谷歌的全球编程挑战赛
Google World Programming Prize
谢谢
Thanks
我是来自四川大学数学学院的段银春
I am from Sichuan University，my name is Duan Yinchuan, majoring in math
我觉得我做了最创新的事
My most innovative thing was to
就是小学三年级的时候
When I was in the third grade
做了一个纸制的模型车
I made a paper car model
鼓励一下九位同学
Lets give applaud to the nine students

那么今天我想谈的题目是创新
Today, I want to talk about innovation or creativity
我会谈创新的定义 创新的重要性
I will talk about its definition and its significance
是什么造就了一个创新
I will try to explain what make innovation possible
下面我想请各位同学
Next, I would like to ask you all to
把自己听到创新这个词
Write down the first word you would think of
想到的第一个词
When you hear the word innovation/creativity
跟大家分享一下
And share it with us
我想我们在这个白板上面
I want to invite to the whiteboard
请三队轮流的来写
Three teams, one by one
我们先请第一队
Now, lets have the first team first

好 谢谢
Good  thanks

借鉴 厚积薄发
Learning from others, laying solid foundation before applying it
这些其实都是一些方法
These are some of the ways for innovation
怎么样把前人的智慧
How to treat the forefathers’ wisdom
让我们能够凝聚起来
How to systematically study ancient knowledge
然后再发散出来
And then make best use of it

那么风险 创新的人呢
So, a risk-taking and creative person
应该是不畏惧失败的
Should not be afraid of failure
那么成都的
Student from Chengdu
请王同学先说一下 帮他写
Please, student Wang. Help him write
 积旧酿新 酿造的酿 无定义
“Save the old and embrace the new”. The word “brew”, no definition
无定义
No definition
氛围
Atmospherics

这里有两个答案
There are two answers here
可能大家都很好奇
You must all be curious.
血液为什么跟创新有关呢
Why does blood have anything to do with innovation
作为一个创新的人
As an innovative person
他应该有这种创新的血液
He must have innovative mindset running in his blood
他能够融入我们这条生命的长河
Only so can he merge into this river of life
有创新的血液
With innovative blood
我相信这条河流一定是波涛汹涌
I believe this river will be rushing along
激情而澎湃 谢谢
full of excitement  Thanks
OK 懂了 谢谢
Ok  I understand

所以就是说创新的人
That’s why to be a creative or innovative person
一定要有这种激情
One must have this kind of passion
 那么无定义 请你也解释一下
Can you also explain No Definition 

我们对创新不能够下定义说
We cannot define innovation
怎么样是一种创新
So what is innovation
应该说我们这样子做的
I say one approach of doing thing,
是一种创新
Can be innovative
另外那样做 也是一种创新
A different approach can also be viewed as innovative
对 我觉得其实这九个词
Right I think the 9 words have
非常好的囊括了
Well explained
我们创新里面的一些重点
Some key points about innovation
下面我想用我的语言
Next, I want to use my own language to
来定位一下创新
Define innovation

常常想到的创新
Most of the time, when we think of innovation
其实我认为更多的是发明
We actually mean invention
实际上我们真的想要看到的创新
Actually, the real innovation that we hope to see
并不仅仅是我有一个新的想法
Is more than just having a new idea
这个想法应该是针对一些人的需要
This idea should serve people's real need
也许是今天的需要
It may be need of today
也许是未来的需要
It may be need of tomorrow
而你做了这个东西给他呢
And you do something for him
如何让发明有价值
How to make the innovation valuable
就是应用
It is application
创新的要素是什么
What are the key elements of innovation
第一 我想毫无疑问的
First of all, I think there is no doubt
我们谈到创新
What we talked about innovation
一定要创新颖的东西
must be to create a brand-new thing
很多人误解了
Many people misunderstood innovation
新颖 不代表的
Something NEW does not require
你要发明一个相对论 才是新颖
You to come up with Theory of Relativity
如果你把一个跨领域的技术
If you bring one technology
带到另外一个领域去
from one applied area to another,
这也是创新
That’s also innovation.
很好的一个例子就是微波炉
A good example would be Microwave oven
是有一个无线电的一个科学家
It was invented by a radio scientist.
他在做某一种无线电的实验的时候
One day  when he was doing a radio experiment
他口袋里的巧克力就融化了
The chocolate in his pocket melted.
然后他就想到说
That prompted him to think
我能不能跨领域做一个产品
Why not apply this new discovery into
来应用在烹饪方面
Making an oven, a totally different area
另外我觉得合成也是创新
Besides  I think innovation can also be a function of synthesis.
随便举一个例 面包机
For example, bread-maker.
有人用过面包机吗 九位同学
Any of you the 9 students ever used bread-maker

都不知道
None of you know it.
面包机就是一个机器
It is a machine
你把面粉 鸡蛋 糖等等的东西
That allows you to put in flour, eggs, and sugar.
丢到里面去 按一个时间
You put them in and choose a timer
早上起来香喷喷的面包就烤出来
In the morning The break is made ready to eat.
 在座的有人用过面包机吗
No one here ever used a bread-maker?
没有
No
这是一个中国的巨大的商机
This is a huge business opportunity in China
你们想想这个例子
It’s an example of cross-domain application
就是一个跨领域的应用
It’s an example of cross-domain application
因为你把这样的一个面包机拆开来
When you disassemble the break-maker
它里面是什么呢
What do you find
闹钟 电锅 搅拌器
Alarm clock, electric cooker  blender
一点都不新颖
Nothing new
但是合起来做面包机
But when they put together to be a break-maker
它就是新颖的
It’s original
所以当我们谈创新的新颖的时候
Therefore, when we talk about innovation
我们不可以太狭窄的把新颖定位成
We shouldn’t restrict it to an unprecedented
一个跨时代的这种技术的科技的论文
Scientific-technological paper
而我们要非常宽容的心态
We should have a tolerant attitude
来看这种创新
To look at innovation
那么仅仅新颖就代表创新吗
Does new mean innovation
当然不是
Surely not
我们把面包机上加上两个轮胎
If we add two wheels to a bread-maker
绝对新颖
That’s new
这是创新吗 有价值吗
But is that innovation and valuable
有一句话叫做
A saying goes:
需求是创新之母
Demand is the mother of innovation
袁隆平能够创这么了不起的
Yuan LongPing was marvelous to create
杂交的水稻
Hybrid rice
就是基于他在1960年的时候
It was the year of 1960
他看到了经过了这个粮食饥荒
he saw food shortage and famine
每一个创新者需要考虑的
Every innovator should think about demand
当你做创新之前
Before you innovate
想一想你是为谁做的 有没有这个需求
Think about who need it
你做出来会不会能够创造价值
And whether it will add value
我们怎么评价什么叫做价值
How do we evaluate value
对谁的价值才是最重要的
It’s really about for whom it’s valuable

基因工程或者说克隆之类的
Genetic engineering or cloning and such
它有可能引起
It has the potential to cause
就是说伦理学上的争议
ethics controversy
我觉得首先我们可能要先考虑到
I think first we might want to consider
一件事情它的对与错
The question of right and wrong
还有它符合这种人的伦理价值或不
And if it complies with human ethical values or not
如果答案是否定的
If the answer is no
那我们还是应该去杜绝这样的行为
Then we should not do it
但是大部分的创新
But many innovations
它就和水一样
Are like water
水可载舟 亦可覆舟
Water can carry a boat and can also capsize it
网络是不是很不好
Internet is bad
因为网上有很多不好的信息
Because there is a lot of dreadful information on internet
但是我可以保证
But I can guarantee
网络上百分之九十的信息都是好的
90% information on internet is helpful
所以我们还是应该
So we should look at the whole picture
整体地看到它的正面性
And see its positive side
欢迎你们随时问问题
You’re welcome to ask questions anytime
非常好
Very good
我们希望能够做得更互动一点
I hope we have more interaction
当然第三题也很重要了
The third point is important too
要可行
Should be feasible
任何人都可以拍脑袋
Anyone can pat his head
想出一些非常稀奇古怪的东西
And come up with some strange things
我要做一个
I want to make a robot
它能够帮我做饭 扫地
Who can cook and clean for me
还可以帮我做功课 考四六级
And also help me do home work

这样的一个机器人你们要不要 要
Do you want such a robot     Sure
但是它的可行性存在吗
But is it feasible
所以我认为最好的创新者呢
So I think the best innovator
他是一个既有新颖的想法的人
Should have innovative thinking
能够知道理解用户和他们需要的价值
Understand users’ needs
并且他是一个实践者
And he should also be practical
有问题
There is a question
能不能您也向我们介绍一项
Can you tell us
您曾经做过的创新的工作
an innovation you have done
然后从这三点来分析一下
And use the three points to analyze it
我可以来谈一下
I can talk about
我的博士时期的工作
The work I did when I was a PhD graduate student
当时我做出了世界上的第一套
At that time, I made world’s first
不指定语者的连续性语音识别
speaker-independent, continuous speech recognition system.
很多人都认为说
Many people thought
这个创新非常新颖
This innovation was very original
但是当我们开始
But when we started
去把这个东西产品化的时候
To merchandise this thing
我们发现有很多问题
We found many problems
有噪音 有不同的人同时讲话
Such as noise, people speaking at the same time
有不同的口音
Different accents
然后识别错误用户
It identified users wrong
我觉得新颖可以打九十九分
I think I can give it 99 points for novelty
但是它的价值可能只有五十九分
But its value can only get 59 points
它的可行性可能也只有五十九分
And its feasibility also only gets 59 points
可是事实上有很多的创新产品
However, in reality, many innovation products
它们在当前价值未必是能看得到的
Don’t manifest their value immediately
但是却能很好的应用于未来
But they could be very useful in the future
任何一个创新都是站在巨人的肩膀上
Every innovation stands on giant(s) shoulders
过去可能是在跨领域的创新
It could be a cross-domain innovation in the past
也可能不是一个创新
Or it might not be an innovation
也许是一个失败
It might be a failure
我对这样的一些学术的研究
I acknowledge this kind of academic research
我是非常认可的它是有科学的价值
It has scientific value
它是有为未来铺垫基础的价值
Upon which future research is based
但是它本身还不能成为一个打分非常高的创新
But it didn’t score very high as innovation itself
现在我们进入了二十一世纪
We are in the 21st century now
创新有没有一点不一样的新角色
Does innovation have a new role
我认为二十一世纪
I think in the 21st century
我们看到的创新
We saw the innovation
它的这个应用的成分会更高一些
Innovation is more expected to be applied to real life
过去的创新
Past innovation
我觉得至少有不少的一部分
Much of it, I think
是在理解自然现象
Was in order to understand nature
今天更多的创新
Much of today’s innovation
都是面对着一些用户面临的问题
Is to address challenges faced by users
第二个例子
The second example
我想也希望跟你们探讨一下
I would like to discuss with you
就是创新的周期
Is the cycle of innovation
我们来谈信件
Let’s talk about mail
这个我们说是四千年前
Four thousand years ago

一千年前 两千年前 三千年前
One thousand, two thousand, three thousand years ago
我们来谈一谈信件邮件的创新
Let’s talk about the innovation of mail
哪一位同学可以给我三个比较旧的创新
Anyone can give me three old innovation examples
最原始的通信方式应该是风火吧
The most primitive means of communication should be wind and fire
这个可能是在非常非常久的之前了
It has to be long, long time ago
还有谁有别的想法
Any other idea
驿站算第三个吗
Post might be the third
驿站应该是汉朝的
Post should’ve had started in Han Dynasty

 

 

所以大约在这个时候
Around that time
邮票和邮编应该是一个非常大的创新
Postal stamps and zip code were very big innovations
大概应该是这两三百年吧
Around last two or three hundred years
成都的三位同学
The three students from Chengdu
你们给一些文字的创新吧
Give us some examples about textual innovation
电子邮件
Email
电子邮件 OK
Email OK
大约二三十年前
About twenty or thirty years ago
发短信
Text messaging
发短信大概也是同时
Around the same time
可能更新一点 还有呢 用QQ吗
Anything else?  Do you use QQ

飞信业务
Fetion
它实现计算机和手机之间的通信
It realized communication between computer and mobile phone
OK 据我昨天在Google到的一个结果是
OK I saw on Google yesterday
四千年前是在埃及
Four thousand years ago in Egypt
第一次是用使者来传达信息
Messenger was first used to relay message
所以我们看到的
So we see that
这个创新的周期
The cycle of innovation
在这个四千年前有一次
One happened four thousand years ago
四千年到三千年有一次
One between four thousand and three thousand years ago
三千年到两千年有一次
One between three thousand and two thousand years ago
两千年到一千年有一次
Especially the past twenty years
尤其是过去的这二十年有非常非常多的创新
There were many many innovations
就是说二十一世纪
So the 21st century
是一个了不起的时代
Is a marvelous era
创新的周期越来越短
The cycle of innovation becomes shorter and shorter
那么下面最后我想谈的
Next I’d like to talk about
是创新在这个竞争方面还有的重要性
The importance of innovation in competition

举几个简单的例子
There are few simple examples
这次我们就只画这过去的一百年
This time we only focus onThe last hundred years
我想问大家我们谈到飞机的时候
I’d like to ask when we talk about airplanes
你能想到
Can you imagine
当时最具有创新能力是哪一个公司吗
Which company was most innovative
我认为是空客
I think it was Airbus
你认为是空客
You think it was Airbus
我们可能看到两个品牌
we might see two brands
是吧  波音 空中客车
Boeing, Airbus
好的 两个创新的品牌
Two innovative brands
电视谁能告诉我
About TV, who can tell me
有多少创新的品牌
How many innovation brands are there
没有人有感觉 是吗
No one knows
应该是夏普的
Should be Sharp
根据网上品牌的调查
OK, according online brand survey
SONY应该是相对比较高的
Sony should be higher
好那我们谈谈IT公司吧
Let’s talk about IT companies
我觉得微软公司
I think Microsoft was
是一个很大的创新
A very big innovation
它开创了个人电脑的新时代
It opened up a new era of personal computers
我觉得是Google
I think it should be Google
因为它给大家的生活
Because it brought a lot convenience
带来了很多的便利
To people’s lives
我认为最新的是YouTube
YouTube I think the newest one is YouTube
它把视频放到了网络上
It put videos on the internet
成都的 轮到你们了
Chengdu students, it’s your turn
还有那个淘宝或者ebay
There is ebay
它们在有了网上购物
Online shopping
开通了（个人交易平台）的先河
It opened the first of its kind
好  另外两位
OK two more
我觉得很有创新的就是飞信
I think Fetion is very innovative
还有没有要补充的
Anyone would like to add anything
旧一点的呢
Older ones
IBM以及因特尔这些公司
IBM and Intel
好 就这样先打住
OK let’s stop here
我想可能还有更多的选择
I think there are many more choices
所以你们看看
You see
我们刚刚谈到飞机和这个电视的时候
When we talked about airplanes and TV
只能想出两三个品牌
We only came up with two or three brands
但是谈到IT一个更新的一个产业的时候
But talking about IT, which is a newer industry
我们从IBM   Fairchild 因特尔 微软
Intel, Microsoft,
一直到这么多这么多不同的公司
And so many different companies
所以这又一次告诉我们的是
So again it tells us that
它的这种竞争性更高
The higher the competition
所以重要性更高
The higher the importance
那么过去
In the past
也许我们可以靠一个品牌
We might be able to use one brand
来打败竞争对手
To beat rivals
但是越来越多的
But more and more
是靠一个新颖的想法
It relies on original ideas
可行性很高的
With feasibility
而且它给用户带来价值的
And valuable to the users
是这样的一些东西
Only those things
才能带来真正的领先的这种地位
Can be in leading position
还有是创造和创新
Creation and innovation
这两个词汇之间相对比
The difference between the two words

你在考我的中文吗
Are you testing my Chinese
你怎么理解的 差不多吧
We can interpret in this way
最大的区别
The biggest difference
一个是有无具体的目标性
One of them doesn’t have specific goals
还有它们
The differences also lie in
是否能带来巨大的社会效应
Whether they can bring huge social effect
和经济效应
And economic effect
你觉得创造是 创造它是可以是一个人的喜好
Creation can be one’s hobby
他根据自己的喜好去创造某一些事物
He creates something according to his hobby
就比如说
For example
刚才那个四川电子学院的学生
That student from Sichuan Electronic College
他说的家庭的财务系统
He said that family financial system
让他的家庭井井有条
Helps to put his family in good order
因为它没有普及
Since it’s not yet popularized
所以它只能说是一种创造
It can be only called creation
好 我觉得你讲的挺合理的
OK I think what you said is reasonable
大家同意他的看法吗
Do you agree with him

刚刚我们所说的那些公司当中
About the companies we just mentioned
其实开复老师
In fact, Mr. Kai-fu
在其中的很多家公司都任过职
Has assumed positions in many of those companies
你认为哪一家公司
You think which company
最具有创新的潜质
Has the most innovative potentials
苹果  微软 还有Google
 Apple Microsoft Google
都是很了不起
Are all marvelous
很有创新的一个公司
And innovative
但是它们创新的模式是不太一样的
But their innovative styles Are different
苹果更多的是靠 Steven Jobs一个人的
Apple relies more on Steven Jobs
对未来的这种远见
One person’s far-sight for the future
有魄力的定位
Brave decisions
然后整个公司跟着他走
The whole company follows him
微软更多的是靠它的研究院
Microsoft relies more on its research institute
生产很多有价值的这种论文
Which produces many valuable papers
然后由产品部门
Then   the production department
把这些论文应用在市场上面
Applies the papers to market
能够几万个人一起创造一个新的视窗
Tens of thousands of people create a new Window together
那么Google它可能不是最大
Google might not be the biggest
而是靠最快
But it advances fastest
所以很快地能够把Google的搜索或者是Gmail了
It can release Google Search or Gmail and such
这样的产品能够十个人  二十个人
Only after ten or twenty people
经过几个月就推出来
working for  just several months
苹果应该是在看得准
Apple targets well
那么微软应该是做得大
Microsoft scales big
Google应该是做得快
Google does fast
我觉得这三种都有价值
I think all three have their own value
很难说谁更好
It’s hard to say which one is better
好的 王同学
OK Wang
就是我在想一个东西要创新
I’m thinking about innovation
但是你在做出来这个东西之前
Before you create something
怎么能够知道它的价值呢
How do you know its value
那如果它是今天的需求
If it’s today’s demand
你可以去问用户
You can go ask users
如果是未来的需求
But what if it’s future’s demand
那你可能就要能够
Then you might have to
相信自己的判断力
Trust your own judgment
所以往往是不能确定的
There is uncertainty
创新是有风险的
Innovation has risk to take

这里我一共列了五种不同的
Here I listed 5 features that
一个公司在创新之路的过程中
A company must execute
必须要能够执行的五个特点
In the course of innovation
第一个洞悉未来
First, Insight into the future
如果二十年前
If twenty years ago
你找一个PC的用户说
You asked a PC user
你要不要一个浏览器
If he wanted a browser
他会怎么答
He would say
什么是浏览器
What is browser
就是那个可以上网的到网站的怎么样怎么样的
You say   it’s for browsing the internet
什么是网站
He would say  What is internet
用户不可能有这样的前瞻性
Users don’t have the insight into the future
或者理解技术的发展
Or understand technology development
来要一个还没有发生的东西
To demand something not existing
如果你要做一个真的
If you want to make an
跨时代的创新
Ahead-time innovation
一个了不起的今天没有的东西
Which does not exist yet
那么你应该做的是
What you should do is
就像踢足球的时候
In a football game
一个最好的球员
Like a best football player
他并不是到现在球的地方
He does not run to the place where the ball is
而是他预测球将到什么地方
He predicts where the ball will go
就是他不是解决今天用户的问题
That is  he doesn’t solve today’s users’ problem
而是要预测未来 要能够洞悉未来
He predicts the future
索尼的创始人盛田昭夫他曾经说
Sony’s founder Akio Morita said
我们不能只是听
We can’t just listen to
用户今天想要什么
What the users want today
我们必须用我们的脑力去想
We must use our brain to think
他未来会需要什么
What they will want in the future
然后针对那个来做我们该做的创新
Our innovation will be based on that
那么如果我们能够洞悉未来
If we can predict the future
这个时候我的建议是
I suggest
千万不要关着门 拍脑袋
Don’t lock yourself up and rack brains
千万不要纸上谈兵
Don’t discuss war on paper
有一句话 我非常非常欣赏的
I really admire what is
是麻省理工学院教授 Neighbor pretty
 MIT professor  Neighbor pretty said
他说预测未来最好的方法
He said, the best way to predict the future
就是创造未来
Is to create the future.
一个例子就是说Google的创始人
One example is Google’s founders
他们做了一个预测
They made a prediction
互联网是了不起的
Internet is marvelous
内容会快速的成长
The content will grow rapidly
然后他们又做了一个预测
Then they made another prediction
快速成长之后
Because of the rapid growth
用目录来分类是不可能的
It’ll be impossible to classify by categories
一定需要一个搜索引擎
A search engine must be needed
那么我们来做一个吧
Then we shall make one
是这样带来了Google公司
Google company was therefore born
第二个我想谈的是打破陈规
Second, break the convention
我想请在座的九位
I’d like to ask the 9 of you
拿起面前的纸画九个圈
Draw 9 circles on the paper in front of you
排成三行
Line them in three rows

现在我要请你们做的是
now I would like you
能不能够把笔放下去
to use the pen
连续的画四条直线
to draw 4 straight lines continuously
然后覆盖这九个点
to cover the 9 circles
给你们一分钟试试看
You have one minute to try

在座的这九位同学
The 9 students here
我也不看你们的这个习题了
I’m not going to look at your exercise
哪一位解出来了
Anyone has a solution
一位 两位 三位解出来了
One, two, three found solutions
成都没有解出来
Chengdu’s students haven’t yet
一位 两位
One  two
都解出来了
All found solutions
我先做一个比较
Let me compare
大部分人会考虑的说好
Many people would say  OK
我要画四条线
I’m going to draw 4 lines
那么就在这儿画一条
I’m going to draw one here
这儿画两条
Two here
这儿画三条
Three here
这儿画四条
Four here
哎呀糟了我只覆盖了八个点
Oops, I only covered 8 dots
最后一个点覆盖不到了
The last dot is not covered
然后我就会试着说好
Then I say let me try again
那我能不能先画这里
I draw this first
再画这里  再画这里  再画这里
Then this, and this, and this
哎呀 好像也不行
But  it doesn’t seems to work either
那么最后怎么解决的
How did you solve it at last
我们请一位同学上来
Let’s ask a student to come here
帮我们解决
To help us

我们电脑可以记录下来吧
Let the computer record it

对不起 这个不对 不好意思
Sorry   this is not right
是笔不能拿起来
You can’t pick the pen up
把这个擦掉
Erase this
谁笔没有拿起来  解决出来的
Who solved the problem without picking up the pen
请孔同学来解一下这个问题
Let’s ask Kong to solve the problem
刚才我们看到的是
We just saw that
好像我们不管怎么画
No matter how we draw
都要五条线才能解决
It seems at least need 5 lines
那么四条线怎么能够覆盖
How can four lines cover
这九个圈圈呢
The 9 dots

对了
Right

孔同学   请问你
I ask you, Kong
是突破了什么样的思维
How did you break the conventional thinking
才解决这个问题的
In order to solve the problem
并不局限于说一条线画到三个圈就让它转折了
You don’t think that a line has to make a turn after covering 3 dots
而是把线延长
You extend the line
其实我有没有跟你们说线不可以离开这个方框
In fact I didn’t tell you that the line can’t leave the square
我有说吗    我没有说
Did I say that
但是你们都假设了
I didn’t say it, but you assumed it
这个就是大部分人的思维
That’s conventional thinking
常碰到的一个问题就是自己画了一个框框
That is, when encountering a problem
把自己框起来了
make a rule to lock oneself in
这样就是无法打破陈规
Therefore, you can’t break the convention.
汽车是怎么来的
How was automobile invented
汽车的老祖宗是什么
What’s the predecessor of automobile
是马车
It is horse carriage
马不需要吃饭睡觉嘛
Horse needs to be fed and needs sleep
很麻烦
Very inconvenient
能够24小时能开的车
We need a vehicle that can drive anytime
我们需要更快的车
We need a faster vehicle
这个马车不行
Horse carriage can’t do that
所以我们第一个想的框框是什么
What would be our first conventional thinking to
如何取代这个马
How to replace the horse
那么他们有些想象力
They have to be imaginative
我们帆船靠着风
The sailboat relies on wind
我把帆装到马车上是不是就可以跑起来了
I can put sail on the horse carriage and make it move
还有人说玩具上紧了发条
Someone also got an idea from the winded toys
我们能不能够把车也上了发条让它来走
Can we wind up the carriage and make it move
最后慢慢终于有人想好了
Gradually someone got a better idea
有可以靠电 可以靠汽油  靠不同的方式
We can use electricity and gas and different ways
最后终于做出来了一个可以开的车了
Finally they made a car that could drive
但是这个汽车你一去看会发现非常奇怪
But you would find that car looks strange
它上面不是方向盘
There was no steering wheel on it
你猜它用的是什么
Guess what it used
黄同学   你说
Huang, tell us
手扶拖拉机一样的
Like hand-controlled tractor
不是不是 它们是框架
No. It was a frame
给你一个暗示
Let me give you a hint
它们还在过去的框架中
They were still locked in by conventional thinking
我要把马车的马换掉
I want to replace the horse in horse-carriage
马车上是靠什么来控制的
What controls the horse carriage
缰绳 对
It is rein.  Right
把缰绳用在车上
Use rein in the car
这是不可能控制一辆车的
It can’t control the car
就是因为没有打破陈规的这种创新
It didn’t break the conventional thinking
第三呢  曾造成的一个误解
There was a misunderstanding about innovation
就是说每一个创新都是很难的
People thought it was very difficult,
像相对论一样难
as difficult as relativity.
但是有时候一个简单的创新会更美
But sometimes a simple innovation is more lovely
在我的一个团队里我们曾经有一次发现
One of our teams found that
用户搜索的时候多打几个字
When a user inputs more words in search engine
我们会搜得更准
The search works more accurately
我们用什么样的技术能让用户多打几个字呢
Can we use some technology to have users input more words
有人就想到了说我们能不能
Someone has thought of that
做一个聪明的问答系统
Can we design a smart Q&A system
也有人说我们能不能够做一个新的计算机语言
Also someone thought of creating new computer language
你可以搜索这个央视  我们
You can search CCTV’s “US”
但是没有王利芬
without Wang Lifen
搜索这样的一篇文章
You can search such an article
然后就把加加减减
and or Use and, or, parenthesis, and such
括弧什么的这样的一个系统
A system like that
我们来教用户这么做
We taught users to use the system
他们就搜得更精准
To have the search more accurate
但是这两个方法最后都没有成功
But the two methods both failed
最后还是有一个工程师是想出来一个办法
Finally an engineer thought of another method
来鼓励用户打更长的搜索词
To encourage users input longer search words
有谁可以告诉我   这是什么方法
Can someone tell me what the method is
就是后面提示让他直接写
It’s just reminding the user to write directly
直接到下面直接Enter进去
Then Enter
但是用户都不太愿意去读
But most users don’t like to read
就直接点击给它列出来选项
They like to click and receive options
有没有还有更简单的
Is there a more simple way
他要打太少的话就无法搜索
If he inputs too little, then he can’t search
我们刚才谈到用户第一
We just talked about ‘Users First”
这个不行
That doesn’t work

多设几个那个搜索的那个输入框
You can have more input boxes for search
然后有 and or的连接
Then use “and” or “or” to connect
你差点答对了  差一点点
You almost got it right
告诉你们正确答案吧
Let me tell you the correct answer
把搜索框放大一点
Enlarge the search box
就这么简单
Just that simple
用户看到了这么长一个搜索框
The user sees such a long search box
我只打了这么两三个字
He’d feel bad if he only inputs few words
觉得不好意思再敲两个字
He’d input more words to feel right
往往简单是美
Often simple is beauty
不要认为复杂是美
Don’t think complex is beauty
这是第三点
That’s the third point
第四个呢
The fourth point
我们会发现创新的公司是以人为本的
We find that an innovative company is people-centered
二十一世纪最重要的是什么
What’s the most important thing in the 21st century
人才
Talents
那什么是创新人的喜欢的氛围呢
What kind of atmosphere is liked by innovative people
就是他被信任了
It is he feels he’s being trusted
被放权了 被给了空间来做他的创新
He’s given space to make innovation
比如说Google公司
Take the example of Google company
每一个员工有百分之二十的时间
Every employee is give 20% of the time
可以做自己有激情想做的项目
to do things he’s passionate about
这就是放权的一种代表
It’s an example of being trusted
另外 公司的这种管理领导不可以管得太死
And, the management shouldn’t be too strict
不可能告诉他说每一个步骤要怎么做
You shouldn’t tell them each step of process
所以一定要有一个非常平等的
It must be a very equal
非常公平的  一个扁平的这样的一个组织结构
 very fair, and flat organizational structure
比如说在Google公司
For example, in Google company
我们为了让每一个员工深深地理解他被放权了
We want every employee to understand that he’s trusted
公司是平等了
The company is equal
我们每一个员工的办公室都是一样大
Our every employee’s office is the same size
包括我的办公室 Eric Schmidt的办公室
Including my office and Eric Schmidt’s office
我们让每一个员工知道
We let every employee know that no one is the boss
没有谁最大  大家都是一样大
Everyone is equal
谁有什么想法都可以去做
Anyone who has ideas can implement them
甚至Eric Schmidt来到公司以后
Even after Eric Schmidt came to the company
他是我们的CEO
 He’s our CEO
他做了一个月以后
After one month
就发现他的办公室里来了一个室友
He found he has an office mate in his office
那个室友是个工程师
The office mate is an engineer
他跟Eric Schmidt说
He said to Eric Schmidt
我的办公室太小   你的这么大
My office is too small and yours is so big
我来坐你这儿
So I’d share the room with you”
在很多公司很难想象
It’s unthinkable in other companies
到领导的办公室这么坐
to be office mates with the boss
但是Eric来到了公司
But Eric Schmidt understands
他知道我们公司提倡平等
that our company promotes equality
所以他就让这个员工坐下来
So he let the employee stay
那个时候
Around that time
公司正好在准备上市的阶段
The company was getting ready to go public
常常有秘密的电话
There were many confidential telephone calls
他还得拿到室外去打
He had to take the calls out of the office
就是代表对工程师的一种尊重
to show respect to the engineer
那么最后第五点
The last point  also the fifth point
我想谈到的就是接受风险
I want to talk about is risk
我们刚才也多次谈到了
We had mentioned earlier
失败怎么办
What shall one do when failed
其实失败是一定会发生的
Failure happens
我们一定要理解
We must understand that
失败不是一种惩罚
Failure is not punishment
而是一个学习的经验
But it’s a lesson to learn
比如说爱迪生
Take Edison as an example
发明电灯泡的过程中
While trying to invent the electric bulb
他尝试了六千次才成功
He had tried 6 thousand times before succeeding
有人跟他说
People asked him
你怎么失败了六千次还不放弃
Why didn’t you give up after 6 thousand failures
他的回答是
His answer was
我不是失败了六千次
I haven’t failed 6 thousand time
我是成功的学习了六千种
l've just found 6 thousand ways in
不能够成为电灯泡的技术
which my formula doesn't work
那么最后
Last
我想大家可能都非常有兴趣的
You might be interested to know
就是说我个人怎么能够更有创新的能力
How can you have more innovative ability

其实我的一个建议
My advice is
就是要多问问题
Ask many questions
不要只是老师说什么
Don’t just listen and recite
我听着写着背着
what the teacher says
这就已经帮你画了一个框框了
You’d lock yourself in conventional thinking
那是什么呢
why
老师说的都是对的
Everything the teacher says is correct
要让自己理解为什么
You should ask yourself why
给各位五句话
I have five sentences for everyone
第一句话 为什么是这样
First  ask why
不要在课堂上听到了一句话
When you hear a sentence in the classroom
就把它当做一个真理的背下来
Don’t recite it as truth
这种背诵的过程是压抑创新的最严重的杀手
Reciting is the most serious killer of innovation
我想问一下在座的观众
I’d like to ask you
请问谁可以告诉我
Who can tell me
三角形的面积的公式是什么
the formula of triangle area
请举手
Please raise your hands

好  有谁可以告诉我
OK  who can tell me
为什么三角形的面积
Why a triangle area is
是底乘高除二
Bottom line multiplies the height, divided by two
请举手
Please raise your hands
更少了只有五六位
Only 5 or 6 people  fewer than before
好  答案就是一个三角形
OK the answer is
它的两倍是一个四方形
A triangle becomes a rectangle when doubled
它的是底乘高
A rectangle area equals to bottom line multiplied by height
三角形是它的一半
A triangle is half of it
你一定要真的理解为什么
You should really understand
才能够再学得更高
why  in order to learn more/
不是只是把背诵的累计起来
Don’t just recite
第二个我想提的问题是
My second question is
有没有别的方法来看这个问题
Is there another way to look at this problem
这里我想讲一个故事
I’d like to share a story with you
就是即时贴的故事
Is the story of sticky notes
就是不太黏的纸
A not so sticky paper
可以黏在板上 黏在纸上等等
can be stuck on board and paper
它是怎么发明的
How was it discovered
它是美国3M公司
It was in America’s 3M company
有一位科学家
There was a scientist
他要发明一个世界上最黏的胶水
who wanted to invent the most sticky glue in the world
他做了各种不同的
He made many different glues
调出来的这种化学的这种胶水
from different chemistry mixtures
然后他尝试了一下
He tried them
他说糟了
and then he said  Oh no
我发明了世界上最不黏的胶水
I have invented the least sticky glue in the world
我真是彻底的失败了
I completely failed
多年以后
Many years later
他的一个朋友跟他说
A friend of his told him
我的书签老是掉地上
My bookmark falls off all the time
有没有办法固定我的书签
Is there a way to secure the bookmark
这个科学家想到说
The scientist remembered his glue and said
我那时候做了一个最失败的胶水
I once made the least sticky glue
是不是可以给你用一用
maybe you can use it
然后是这样帮着3M公司创造了
It became the most profitable patent
它今天最赚钱的一个专利和它的一个产品
And product of 3M company
所以其实从一个角度看
From one perspective
一个东西可能是一个失败
One thing can be a failure
但是换一个角度
But from another perspective
它可能就是一个巨大的商机
It could be a huge business opportunity
第三个是学这个有什么用
Third  what’s the use for learning this
这个有时候听起来有一点挑战性
It sounds challenging
而且是我女儿特别喜欢问我的
My daughter likes to ask me this question
当她学指数的时候
When she was studying exponent
她说指数真的头疼
She said it gave her a headache
这东西有什么用
and what’s the use of it
这跟我的人生有任何的关系吗
Does it have anything to do with my life
我可不可以不要学这个指数
Can I not learn exponent
我说不对的
I said you should
这个东西是有用的
This thing is useful
我说比如说你有一百元钱
I said, for example
存在银行里一年百分之十的利息
you have 100 dollars in the bank with 10% annual interest
十年以后有多少钱
How much money would you have ten years from now
她说算算二百元钱
She said  it would be 200 RMB
我说不对  二百五十九块钱
I said   wrong  it would be 259 RMB
她说是吗
She said really
我说你要懂指数的话
I said if you understand exponent
你就会知道为什么一百元块存十年
You will know why the 100 RMB
是二百五十九元钱而不是二百元钱了
will become 259 but not 200 after ten years
她说这真有意思
She said   it sounds interesting
所以她就有动力来把这个东西学好
So she has the motivation to learn it
但是当初如果不是她来问我说
But if she didn’t come to ask me at the beginning
学这个有什么用
About the usefulness of exponent
我可能也不会想到给她举这个例子
I might not have given her the example
然后她可能学这个数学 又学的没劲
And she wouldn’t have been motivated to study it
慢慢的数学越学越差
Then her math would be worse
就因为这个指数这一件事情
The exponent matter would’ve hindered her
阻碍了她的发展
academic advancement
第四个我想讲得呢是
Fourth  I want to say
我来试试看
I will try
我很喜欢的一句话是
I really like this sentence
我听过的我会忘记
I’d forget what I have heard
我看过的我会记得
I’d remember what I have seen
我做过的我才真正理解
I’d only truly understand what I have done
我记得我小时候
I remember when I was a child
我的父亲在几个孩子面前
My father gave us
出了一个脑筋急转弯的问题
an intelligence quiz
给你六个火柴棒
There are 6 match sticks for you
希望你能做成四个一模一样大小的三角形
to make 4 equal sized triangles
然后他说这个问题解不出来的 非常困难
He said the problem was very difficult
你们谁解得出来
If anyone of you solve it
我这支笔送给你
I’ll give you this pen
这是他的一个非常好的一支金笔
It was a very nice gold pen
然后当时我就觉得说
I said
好像是蛮难解的
 it seems difficult,
但是我就觉得说我来试试看吧
but I’d like to try
他就给了我一段时间
He gave me some time
后来我就解出来了
And I solved it
那么现在我们来玩玩这个游戏
Let’s try this game now
这里我正好有一些火柴棒
I happen to have some match sticks
我们来给每一个同学六个
Let’s give each of you 6
这个问题应该是难不倒你们的
It shouldn’t be too difficult for you
我们试试看
Let’s try

第一桌已经做完了
The first table has finished
我今天没带金笔 不好意思
I didn’t bring a gold pen, sorry about that
第二桌也做完了
The second table finished too
第三桌做完没有
How about the third table
非常好
OK, very good

 

 

 

我相信你们做这个问题稀松平常
I believe this problem is a small dish for you
你想想看一个五岁的小孩
But when you think a 5-year-old child
当他解决了一个他的父亲
He solved a problem
来挑战他 认为他很难解决的一个问题
his father thought would be a big challenge for him
这件事对我来说 可能是有一个终生的影响
It gave me a life long impact
因为它告诉我的是说
It told me that
我超过了我父亲的期望
I exceeded my father’s expectation
我解决了一个很困难的问题
I solved a very difficult problem
所以给我带来了一种自信
It gave me confidence
所以我认为什么事情不确定的时候
So I think whenever there is uncertainty
不如试试看 试试看你就会实践
You should try
实践之后你可以从中学到理解
You’ll learn from trying
那么最后我想谈到的就是
The last thing I want to talk about is
我爱做什么
What I love to do
我非常非常的相信
I really really believe that
一个人应该追随他的兴趣
A person should follow his interest
做他所爱做的事情
And do what he loves to do
如果你做的工作都是你爱做的
If you do what you love to do
你会觉得我做的事情 我是一种享受
You’ll feel enjoyable
那么我相信你成功的概率一定会更大
Then I believe your probability of success will be bigger
你可以想象爱迪生
You can imagine Edison
他六千次失败还在发明电灯泡
He was still trying to invent electric bulb after 6 thousand failures
比尔·盖茨他希望在每一台桌子上都有一台电脑
Bill Gates was hoping there would be a computer on every desk
这是他的一种理想他的一种激情
That was his goal, his passion
范曾老师
Mr. Fan Zeng
你可以从他的言语之中看到
You can tell from his words
他多么热爱他的书画
how he loves his paintings
我相信比尔·盖茨不可能成为范曾
I believe Bill Gates won’t become Fan Zeng
如果教他画画的话
if you teach him painting

那么范老师呢可能也无法发明电灯泡
And Fan Zeng won’t be able to invent electric bulbs
那并不是因为他们的聪明才智不够
It’s not that they’re not smart enough
而是因为那不是他的最爱
It’s simply because it’s not their passion
所以我觉得一个创新的人
So I think an innovator
其实就像刚才的王同学所说的
like what Wang said just not
在他的血液里头要有一种热爱 要有一种激情
Has love and passion in his blood
他才会真的能够发散他的潜力
In order to realize his potentials
成为一个最有创新的人
and become the most innovative person
那么今天我的创新的讲座 就到此为止
This will conclude my lecture on innovation today
希望你们都能够成为未来的
I wish you
了不起的创新实践者
All become marvelous innovators in the future
谢谢
Thank you