mongodb 数据库基础实践

mongodb数据库基础操作，包括数据库的创建，查询，检索等等操作，实验使用实验楼的mongodb的基础教程中管理员工基础信息的测试。
基本操作方法是
mongo启动

mongo

创建数据库

use shiyanlou

创建文档

db.createCollection('employee')

查看数据库和文档

show dbsshow collections

添加集合

employee1 = ({'sid':1001,'sname':'Tom','age':35,'gender':'male','phone':'13981234567','address':[{'city':'Chengdu','district':'jinniu'}]})employee2 = ({'sid':1002,'sname':'Jack','age':26,'gender':'male','phone':'13981357913','address':[{'city':'Chengdu','district':'wudou'}]})employee3 = ({'sid':1003,'sname':'Rose','age':31,'gender':'female','phone':'13980246802','address':[{'city':'Chongqing','district':'jiangbei'}]})employee4 = ({'sid':1004,'sname':'Bob','age':29,'gender':'male','phone':'13987654321','address':[{'city':'Chongqing','district':'yuzhong'}]})employee5 = ({'sid':1005,'sname':'Gavin','age':24,'gender':'male','phone':'13989753197','address':[{'city':'Chengdu','district':'jinniu'}]})employee6 = ({'sid':1006,'sname':'Amy','age':27,'gender':'female','phone':'13988642086','address':[{'city':'Shanghai','district':'xuhui'}]})employee7 = ({'sid':1007,'sname':'Anne','age':23,'gender':'female','phone':'18211237894','address':[{'city':'Chengdu','district':'qingyang'}]})employee8 = ({'sid':1008,'sname':'John','age':33,'gender':'male','phone':'18219638521','address':[{'city':'Chongqing','district':'jiangbei'}]})employee9 = ({'sid':1009,'sname':'Tony','age':36,'gender':'male','phone':'18211478523','address':[{'city':'Chengdu','district':'jinniu'}]})employee10 = ({'sid':1010,'sname':'Betty','age':28,'gender':'female','phone':'18218520369','address':[{'city':'Beijing','district':'chaoyang'}]})db.employee.insert([employee1,employee2,employee3,employee4,employee5,employee6,employee7,employee8,employee9,employee10])

更新几何

db.employee.update({'sname':'Tom'},{$set:{'phone':'18200753159','address':[{'city':'chengdu','district':'chenghua'}]}})

创建索引

db.employee.ensureIndex({'sid':1,'sname':1})

mongoexport导出json文件，需先推出mongo环境，执行exit，

mongoexport -d shiyanlou -c employee -q '{age: {$gte:30}}' --out tmp/employee.json

基本格式为

mongoexport命令行用于数据的导出，默认导出的文件格式为JSON格式。当然也可以指定特定的文件格式。2、语法[html] view plain copyC:\mongo\bin>mongoexport -help  options:    --help                  produce help message    -v [ --verbose ]        be more verbose (include multiple times for more                            verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)    -h [ --host ] arg       mongo host to connect to ( <set name>/s1,s2 for sets)    --port arg              server port. Can also use --host hostname:port    --ipv6                  enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)    -u [ --username ] arg   username    -p [ --password ] arg   password    --dbpath arg            directly access mongod database files in the given                            path, instead of connecting to a mongod  server -                            needs to lock the data directory, so cannot be used                            if a mongod is currently accessing the same path    --directoryperdb        if dbpath specified, each db is in a separate                            directory    -d [ --db ] arg         database to use    -c [ --collection ] arg collection to use (some commands)    -f [ --fields ] arg     comma separated list of field names e.g. -f name,age    --fieldFile arg         file with fields names - 1 per line    -q [ --query ] arg      query filter, as a JSON string    --csv                   export to csv instead of json    -o [ --out ] arg        output file; if not specified, stdout is used    --jsonArray             output to a json array rather than one object per                            Line  说明：-h：数据库宿主机的IP-u：数据库用户名-p：数据库密码-d：数据库名字-c：集合的名字-f：导出的列名-q：导出数据的过滤条件--csv：导出格式为csv-o:指明到要导出的文件名

mongoimport导入操作

Mongodb中的mongoimport工具可以把一个特定格式文件中的内容导入到指定的collection中。该工具可以导入JSON格式数据，也可以导入CSV格式数据。具体使用如下所示：2.语法[root@localhost mongodb]# ./bin/mongoimport --help  options:    --help                  produce help message    -v [ --verbose ]        be more verbose (include multiple times for more                             verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)    --version               print the program's version and exit    -h [ --host ] arg       mongo host to connect to ( <set name>/s1,s2 for sets)    --port arg              server port. Can also use --host hostname:port    --ipv6                  enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)    -u [ --username ] arg   username    -p [ --password ] arg   password    --dbpath arg            directly access mongod database files in the given                             path, instead of connecting to a mongod  server -                             needs to lock the data directory, so cannot be used                             if a mongod is currently accessing the same path    --directoryperdb        if dbpath specified, each db is in a separate                             directory    --journal               enable journaling    -d [ --db ] arg         database to use    -c [ --collection ] arg collection to use (some commands)    -f [ --fields ] arg     comma separated list of field names e.g. -f name,age    --fieldFile arg         file with fields names - 1 per line    --ignoreBlanks          if given, empty fields in csv and tsv will be ignored    --type arg              type of file to import.  default: json (json,csv,tsv)    --file arg              file to import from; if not specified stdin is used    --drop                  drop collection first     --headerline            CSV,TSV only - use first line as headers    --upsert                insert or update objects that already exist    --upsertFields arg      comma-separated fields for the query part of the                             upsert. You should make sure this is indexed    --stopOnError           stop importing at first error rather than continuing    --jsonArray             load a json array, not one item per line. Currently                             limited to 4MB.  参数说明：-h:指明数据库宿主机的IP-u:指明数据库的用户名-p:指明数据库的密码-d:指明数据库的名字-c:指明collection的名字-f:指明要导入那些列

附录：
实验楼的实验地址：https://www.shiyanlou.com/courses/12