Android Arch Component Sample简单解析

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BasicSample

这是谷歌官方提供的一个关于Android Architecture Component 库使用的例子,通过查看源码,这个例子只简单的展示如何使用Architecture Component库中的相关构件的使用,包括LifeCycle,ViewModel,Room,LiveData等,其中还涉及了DataBinding这个库。看起来挺简单的,并且不涉及网络请求,只是单纯的对数据库进行初始化,然后加载数据库的相关数据。

接下来我们来看下具体的代码。

首先我们回顾下官方提供的架构:
这里写图片描述

从上图中我们可以看到,首先创建一个页面(Activity/Fragment),然后根据显示的页面创建ViewModel,ViewModel通过LiveData去渲染当前的页面,LiveData通过Repository来初始化数据,如果有本地数据则加载本地数据,如果没有则进行网络请求,通过网络请求获取数据,然后本地化,然后重新加载。这么一个流程下来后,页面就加载完成了。

然后我们在页面的生命周期中加入一些日志:
这里写图片描述

通过代码我们梳理了具体的流程如下:
basic_sample

如何使用生命感知:
一方面是通过数据的观察,一方面是对生命周期的感知,接下来上代码

虽然代码不多,我们也只看关键部分:

ProductListFragment.java

@Override    public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);        Log.d("AAC", "ProductListFragment onActivityCreated");        final ProductListViewModel viewModel =                ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(ProductListViewModel.class);        subscribeUi(viewModel);    }

这时为对应的页面创建ViewModel。

主要是如何订阅UI,并根据数据变更,刷新UI

private void subscribeUi(ProductListViewModel viewModel) {        // Update the list when the data changes        Log.d("AAC", "ProductListFragment subscribeUi");        viewModel.getProducts().observe(this, new Observer<List<ProductEntity>>() {            @Override            public void onChanged(@Nullable List<ProductEntity> myProducts) {                Log.d("AAC", "onChanged() called with: myProducts = [" + myProducts + "]");                if (myProducts != null) {                    mBinding.setIsLoading(false);                    mProductAdapter.setProductList(myProducts);                } else {                    mBinding.setIsLoading(true);                }            }        });    }

通过对LiveData < List < ProductEntity > >数据的监听,通过观察数据的变化对UI进行刷新。

然后我们就看什么时候数据会变化-》

ProductListViewModel.java

public ProductListViewModel(Application application) {        super(application);        Log.d("AAC", "ProductListViewModel()");        final DatabaseCreator databaseCreator = DatabaseCreator.getInstance(this.getApplication());        LiveData<Boolean> databaseCreated = databaseCreator.isDatabaseCreated();        Log.d("AAC", "ProductListViewModel: databaseCreated = " + databaseCreated.getValue());        mObservableProducts = Transformations.switchMap(databaseCreated,                new Function<Boolean, LiveData<List<ProductEntity>>>() {            @Override            public LiveData<List<ProductEntity>> apply(Boolean isDbCreated) {                Log.d("AAC", "ProductListViewModel Transformations.switchMap apply() called with: isDbCreated = [" + isDbCreated + "]");                if (!Boolean.TRUE.equals(isDbCreated)) { // Not needed here, but watch out for null                    //noinspection unchecked                    return ABSENT;                } else {                    //noinspection ConstantConditions                    return databaseCreator.getDatabase().productDao().loadAllProducts();                }            }        });        databaseCreator.createDb(this.getApplication());        Log.d("AAC", "ProductListViewModel: databaseCreated = " + databaseCreated.getValue());    }

在ProductListViewModel构造的时候,会通过对LiveData< Boolean > databaseCreated数据进行观察,通过数据的变化来初始化LiveData < List < ProductEntity > >数据。

DatabaseCreator.java

/**     * Creates or returns a previously-created database.     * <p>     * Although this uses an AsyncTask which currently uses a serial executor, it's thread-safe.     */    public void createDb(Context context) {        Log.d("AAC", "DatabaseCreator createDb");        Log.d("DatabaseCreator", "Creating DB from " + Thread.currentThread().getName());        if (!mInitializing.compareAndSet(true, false)) {            return; // Already initializing        }        mIsDatabaseCreated.setValue(false);// Trigger an update to show a loading screen.        new AsyncTask<Context, Void, Void>() {            @Override            protected Void doInBackground(Context... params) {                Log.d("AAC", "DatabaseCreator createDb doInBackground: ");                Log.d("DatabaseCreator",                        "Starting bg job " + Thread.currentThread().getName());                Context context = params[0].getApplicationContext();                // Reset the database to have new data on every run.                context.deleteDatabase(DATABASE_NAME);                // Build the database!                AppDatabase db = Room.databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(),                        AppDatabase.class, DATABASE_NAME).build();                // Add a delay to simulate a long-running operation                addDelay();                // Add some data to the database                DatabaseInitUtil.initializeDb(db);                Log.d("DatabaseCreator",                        "DB was populated in thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName());                mDb = db;                return null;            }            @Override            protected void onPostExecute(Void ignored) {                // Now on the main thread, notify observers that the db is created and ready.                Log.d("AAC", "DatabaseCreator createDb onPostExecute");                mIsDatabaseCreated.setValue(true);                Log.d("AAC", "DatabaseCreator createDb onPostExecute mIsDatabaseCreated = " + mIsDatabaseCreated.getValue());            }        }.execute(context.getApplicationContext());    }

我们可以看到是在创建数据库的时候,去设置databaseCreated,通过这个变量可以控制控制是否显示加载中,当数据初始化完成后,再设置为true。

就这样,所有的事件都串起来了,接下来就是核心的如何触发这些事件的代码。

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