EditText是如何实现长按弹出复制粘贴等ContextMenu的源码解析

来源:互联网 发布:人工智能开发语言 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/21 15:44

最近在做一些关于EditText编辑功能的需求,遇到了很多的问题,比如EditText在RecyclerView中会出现内容错乱、RecyclerView复用EditText后长按无法弹出复制、粘贴、全选ContextMenu等一些问题,在网上也没有搜到比较好的解决方法,于是就想研究一下这方面的源码,希望能帮到有需要的同学,少走一些弯路。
网上看到的关于EditText的ContextMenu的问题,大部分是如何屏蔽长按后不弹,如何自定义ContextMenu的需求,本篇文章介绍Android系统是如何实现长按EditText弹出ContextMenu的,如果原理都明白了,那问题还不迎刃而解嘛,废话不多说,先看一个效果图:
这里写图片描述

非常常见的功能,要研究这个功能的实现该从哪入手呢,我说一下我的思路:从EditText的长按事件开始,翻看EditText的源码,发现内容很少,并没有事件处理方法,于是找到了父View(TextView), TextView中有一个方法叫performLongClick,没错,就是它:

@Override    public boolean performLongClick() {        boolean handled = false;        if (mEditor != null) {            mEditor.mIsBeingLongClicked = true;        }        //执行父view的performLongClick        if (super.performLongClick()) {            handled = true;        }        //执行mEditor的performLongClick        if (mEditor != null) {            handled |= mEditor.performLongClick(handled);            mEditor.mIsBeingLongClicked = false;        }        if (handled) {            performHapticFeedback(HapticFeedbackConstants.LONG_PRESS);            if (mEditor != null) mEditor.mDiscardNextActionUp = true;        }        return handled;    }

我们发现调用了super.performLongClick(),然后再到View中去看:

private boolean performLongClickInternal(float x, float y) {        sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_LONG_CLICKED);        boolean handled = false;        final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;        if (li != null && li.mOnLongClickListener != null) {            handled = li.mOnLongClickListener.onLongClick(View.this);        }        if (!handled) {            final boolean isAnchored = !Float.isNaN(x) && !Float.isNaN(y);            handled = isAnchored ? showContextMenu(x, y) : showContextMenu();        }        if (handled) {            performHapticFeedback(HapticFeedbackConstants.LONG_PRESS);        }        return handled;    }

大家看这一句handled = isAnchored ? showContextMenu(x, y) : showContextMenu(); 感觉就要接近真相了,赶紧点进去:

public boolean showContextMenu(float x, float y) {        return getParent().showContextMenuForChild(this, x, y);    }

这里面调的是父View的showContextMenuForChild方法,不同的页面父View都不同,一般都是LinearLayout、RelativeLayout,但他们没有重写这个方法,都用的ViewGroup的showContextMenuForChild:

@Override    public boolean showContextMenuForChild(View originalView, float x, float y) {        try {            mGroupFlags |= FLAG_SHOW_CONTEXT_MENU_WITH_COORDS;            if (showContextMenuForChild(originalView)) {                return true;            }        } finally {            mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_SHOW_CONTEXT_MENU_WITH_COORDS;        }        return mParent != null && mParent.showContextMenuForChild(originalView, x, y);    }

debug会发现这个方法会一直向上找父View,直到DecorView。DecorView中实际调用了showContextMenuForChildInternal方法:

private boolean showContextMenuForChildInternal(View originalView,            float x, float y) {        //.....        final MenuHelper helper;        final boolean isPopup = !Float.isNaN(x) && !Float.isNaN(y);        //弹出ContextMenu        if (isPopup) {            helper = mWindow.mContextMenu.showPopup(getContext(), originalView, x, y);        } else {            helper = mWindow.mContextMenu.showDialog(originalView, originalView.getWindowToken());        }        if (helper != null) {            // If it's a dialog, the callback needs to handle showing            // sub-menus. Either way, the callback is required for propagating            // selection to Context.onContextMenuItemSelected().            callback.setShowDialogForSubmenu(!isPopup);            helper.setPresenterCallback(callback);        }        mWindow.mContextMenuHelper = helper;        return helper != null;    }

最关键的一句话helper = mWindow.mContextMenu.showPopup(getContext(), originalView, x, y);
看到这里本以为真相大白了,遗憾的是debug看这句话返回的helper为null,也就是并没有执行预期的复制、粘贴menu的显示,从showPopup这个方法里面可以看出,这个方法要做的事情就是我们View里面或者是activity里面弹出的ContextMenu,比如,微信的聊天列表,长按弹出的popupWindow就是通过这个方法实现的,这方面的问题百度有很多文章。
现在线索突然断了,好烦躁,需要静下心来好好思考一下,既然这条路走不通,那肯定有别的途径,还记得前边performLongClick()方法吗?handled |= mEditor.performLongClick(handled); 看到没有,想必就是它了,瞬间精神了许多:

public boolean performLongClick(boolean handled) {        // .....省略了无关代码        // Start a new selection        if (!handled) {            handled = selectCurrentWordAndStartDrag();        }        return handled;    }

看到selectCurrentWordAndStartDrag()这个方法心里就放心了,从字面上能看出是选中当前文字然后开始拖拽。

    /**     * If the TextView allows text selection, selects the current word when no existing selection     * was available and starts a drag.     *     * @return true if the drag was started.     */    private boolean selectCurrentWordAndStartDrag() {        //......        if (!checkField()) {            return false;        }        //如果mTextView没有选中,那么选中当前文字        if (!mTextView.hasSelection() && !selectCurrentWord()) {            // No selection and cannot select a word.            return false;        }        stopTextActionModeWithPreservingSelection();        getSelectionController().enterDrag(                SelectionModifierCursorController.DRAG_ACCELERATOR_MODE_WORD);        return true;    }

这个方法的注释意思是如果当前TextView允许选中,那么选中当前文字然后开启拖拽效果,selectCurrentWord()方法中关键的一句是Selection.setSelection((Spannable) mTextView.getText(), selectionStart, selectionEnd); 可以看出这个地方就是选中当前文字的实现。enterDrag呢?getSelectionController()得到的是SelectionModifierCursorController,这个类从字面上看是选中、修改光标的控制器,

public void enterDrag(int dragAcceleratorMode) {            // Just need to init the handles / hide insertion cursor.            show();            mDragAcceleratorMode = dragAcceleratorMode;            // Start location of selection.            mStartOffset = mTextView.getOffsetForPosition(mLastDownPositionX,                    mLastDownPositionY);            mLineSelectionIsOn = mTextView.getLineAtCoordinate(mLastDownPositionY);            // Don't show the handles until user has lifted finger.            hide();            // ......        }

我们看到show()这个方法,很有可能就是显示menu的实现:

 public void show() {            if (mTextView.isInBatchEditMode()) {                return;            }            initDrawables();            initHandles();        }

里面有两个方法,分别看一下:

        private void initDrawables() {            //获取选中效果左边的Drawable            if (mSelectHandleLeft == null) {                mSelectHandleLeft = mTextView.getContext().getDrawable(                        mTextView.mTextSelectHandleLeftRes);            }            //获取选中效果右边的Drawable            if (mSelectHandleRight == null) {                mSelectHandleRight = mTextView.getContext().getDrawable(                        mTextView.mTextSelectHandleRightRes);            }        }        private void initHandles() {            // Lazy object creation has to be done before updatePosition() is called.            //将选中效果左右两边的Drawable以SelectionHandleView的形式创建出来            if (mStartHandle == null) {                mStartHandle = new SelectionHandleView(mSelectHandleLeft, mSelectHandleRight,                        com.android.internal.R.id.selection_start_handle,                        HANDLE_TYPE_SELECTION_START);            }            if (mEndHandle == null) {                mEndHandle = new SelectionHandleView(mSelectHandleRight, mSelectHandleLeft,                        com.android.internal.R.id.selection_end_handle,                        HANDLE_TYPE_SELECTION_END);            }            //显示两边的Drawable            mStartHandle.show();            mEndHandle.show();            hideInsertionPointCursorController();        }

原来这个方法是显示选中文字的两边光标效果的,并没有看到我们预期的结果,烦躁啊,但通过这个方法我们可以看到,如果我们想改变这个光标的话,只需要修改mTextView.mTextSelectHandleLeftRes和mTextView.mTextSelectHandleRightRes就行了,这两个属性想必在TextView的xml里面可以直接设置,也算是有一点点收获吧,至少现在文字已经选中了。
又经过了很长时间的debug,发现这个menu并没有在performLongClick()方法里实现,而是在onTouchEvent()方法中,当事件为ACTION_UP的时候。

@Override    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {        final int action = event.getActionMasked();        if (mEditor != null) {            mEditor.onTouchEvent(event);            if (mEditor.mSelectionModifierCursorController != null &&                    mEditor.mSelectionModifierCursorController.isDragAcceleratorActive()) {                return true;            }        }        //........    }

又是mEditor ,看来这个类真的很重要啊,进入onTouchEvent方法

void onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {        //......        if (hasSelectionController()) {            getSelectionController().onTouchEvent(event);        }        //......    }

关键的只有这一句,getSelectionController()我们上边已经看到过了,返回的是SelectionModifierCursorController,然后我们看看里面的onTouchEvent方法:

public void onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {            //......            switch (event.getActionMasked()) {                //......                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:                    if (!isDragAcceleratorActive()) {                        break;                    }                    updateSelection(event);                    // No longer dragging to select text, let the parent intercept events.                    mTextView.getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);                    // No longer the first dragging motion, reset.                    resetDragAcceleratorState();                    //如果mTextView有选中,那么启动选中actionMode                    if (mTextView.hasSelection()) {                        startSelectionActionMode();                    }                    break;            }        }

直接进入MotionEvent.ACTION_UP事件,mTextView.hasSelection()想必肯定是true,以为前面的performLongClick()分析,已经处于选中状态了,赶紧看看这个方法吧:

 boolean startSelectionActionMode() {        boolean selectionStarted = startSelectionActionModeInternal();        if (selectionStarted) {            getSelectionController().show();        }        mRestartActionModeOnNextRefresh = false;        return selectionStarted;    }

实际上调用的是startSelectionActionModeInternal()方法,真相已经渐渐浮出水面了,

private boolean startSelectionActionModeInternal() {        //......        ActionMode.Callback actionModeCallback =                new TextActionModeCallback(true /* hasSelection */);        mTextActionMode = mTextView.startActionMode(actionModeCallback, ActionMode.TYPE_FLOATING);        //......        return selectionStarted;    }

关键的地方到了,这里实例化了一个TextActionModeCallback对象,我们看看这个类的实现:

    /**     * An ActionMode Callback class that is used to provide actions while in text insertion or     * selection mode.     *     * The default callback provides a subset of Select All, Cut, Copy, Paste, Share and Replace     * actions, depending on which of these this TextView supports and the current selection.     */    private class TextActionModeCallback extends ActionMode.Callback2 {        //......        @Override        public boolean onCreateActionMode(ActionMode mode, Menu menu) {            mode.setTitle(null);            mode.setSubtitle(null);            mode.setTitleOptionalHint(true);            populateMenuWithItems(menu);            Callback customCallback = getCustomCallback();            if (customCallback != null) {                if (!customCallback.onCreateActionMode(mode, menu)) {                    // The custom mode can choose to cancel the action mode, dismiss selection.                    Selection.setSelection((Spannable) mTextView.getText(),                            mTextView.getSelectionEnd());                    return false;                }            }            if (mTextView.canProcessText()) {                mProcessTextIntentActionsHandler.onInitializeMenu(menu);            }            if (menu.hasVisibleItems() || mode.getCustomView() != null) {                if (mHasSelection && !mTextView.hasTransientState()) {                    mTextView.setHasTransientState(true);                }                return true;            } else {                return false;            }        }    }

看一下这个类的注释,这是一个用来提供文本的插入、选中等操作的回调,默认的回调提供了全选、剪切、复制、粘贴、分享和替换,真的就是它了,
这里需要提一嘴的是Callback customCallback = getCustomCallback();这一句表示开发者可以自己实现menu的创建,通过TextView的setCustomSelectionActionModeCallback()方法设置的,如果大家有这个需求的话可以在这个地方尝试(我没试过)。
默认的menu是通过populateMenuWithItems(menu);这句话实现的:

        private void populateMenuWithItems(Menu menu) {            if (mTextView.canCut()) {                menu.add(Menu.NONE, TextView.ID_CUT, MENU_ITEM_ORDER_CUT,                        com.android.internal.R.string.cut).                    setAlphabeticShortcut('x').                    setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_ALWAYS);            }            if (mTextView.canCopy()) {                menu.add(Menu.NONE, TextView.ID_COPY, MENU_ITEM_ORDER_COPY,                        com.android.internal.R.string.copy).                    setAlphabeticShortcut('c').                    setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_ALWAYS);            }            if (mTextView.canPaste()) {                menu.add(Menu.NONE, TextView.ID_PASTE, MENU_ITEM_ORDER_PASTE,                        com.android.internal.R.string.paste).                    setAlphabeticShortcut('v').                    setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_ALWAYS);            }            if (mTextView.canShare()) {                menu.add(Menu.NONE, TextView.ID_SHARE, MENU_ITEM_ORDER_SHARE,                        com.android.internal.R.string.share).                    setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM);            }            updateSelectAllItem(menu);            updateReplaceItem(menu);        }

现在实现menu的地方已经找到了,那么在什么时候会调用onCreateActionMode呢?什么时候回显示呢?我们继续看看前边的startSelectionActionModeInternal()方法,下边一句是mTextView.startActionMode(actionModeCallback, ActionMode.TYPE_FLOATING);这个方法有两个参数,第一个参数就是我们刚刚分析的TextActionModeCallback 回调,是menu的实现,第二个参数是ActionMode.TYPE_FLOATING,应该是在显示menu的时候用到的,floating嘛,对不对,继续跟进:

public ActionMode startActionMode(ActionMode.Callback callback, int type) {        ViewParent parent = getParent();        if (parent == null) return null;        try {            return parent.startActionModeForChild(this, callback, type);        } catch (AbstractMethodError ame) {            // Older implementations of custom views might not implement this.            return parent.startActionModeForChild(this, callback);        }    }

这里面会一直调用parent.startActionModeForChild,一直到DecorView,最终会调用到DecorView的startActionMode()方法:

private ActionMode startActionMode(            View originatingView, ActionMode.Callback callback, int type) {        //将callback包装到wrappedCallback         ActionMode.Callback2 wrappedCallback = new ActionModeCallback2Wrapper(callback);        ActionMode mode = null;        //......        if (mode != null) {            if (mode.getType() == ActionMode.TYPE_PRIMARY) {            //......        } else {            //这里会创建一个FloatingActionMode            mode = createActionMode(type, wrappedCallback, originatingView);            //调用TextActionModeCallback 类的onCreateActionMode方法创建menu            if (mode != null && wrappedCallback.onCreateActionMode(mode, mode.getMenu())) {                //处理ActionMode                setHandledActionMode(mode);            } else {                mode = null;            }        }//......        return mode;    }

这里面我们看到了创建menu的调用代码,想必setHandledActionMode(mode);这个方法会将它show出来:

private void setHandledActionMode(ActionMode mode) {        if (mode.getType() == ActionMode.TYPE_PRIMARY) {            setHandledPrimaryActionMode(mode);        } else if (mode.getType() == ActionMode.TYPE_FLOATING) {            setHandledFloatingActionMode(mode);        }    }

这里看到了前面提到的ActionMode.TYPE_FLOATING的作用了,继续看:

private void setHandledFloatingActionMode(ActionMode mode) {        mFloatingActionMode = mode;        //创建FloatingToolbar        mFloatingToolbar = new FloatingToolbar(mContext, mWindow);        ((FloatingActionMode) mFloatingActionMode).setFloatingToolbar(mFloatingToolbar);        //显示FloatingToolbar        mFloatingActionMode.invalidate();  // Will show the floating toolbar if necessary.        mFloatingActionModeOriginatingView.getViewTreeObserver()            .addOnPreDrawListener(mFloatingToolbarPreDrawListener);    }

到这里就终于结束了,menu最终以FloatingToolbar的形式显示出来

总结一下

1、EditText(或者说TextView)长按选中的效果是在Editor.performLongClick(handled)中实现的,这个方法会让当前文本处于选中状态,并显示选中的左右Drawable

2、长按弹出的复制、全选、粘贴等menu的显示过程:首先是Editor内部类SelectionModifierCursorController在onTouchEvent处理MotionEvent.ACTION_UP事件,然后调用startSelectionActionModeInternal()方法,并创建了TextActionModeCallback用来初始化menuItem,然后通过TextView的startActionMode一直往上找,最终由DecorView以FloatingToolbar的形式展现出来。

3、如果我们想自定义menu有哪些item,可以通过TextView的setCustomSelectionActionModeCallback实现,可以参照TextActionModeCallback。

4、如果有别的需求或者是issue,大家可以通过这个流程来想办法。

文章很长,感谢各位同学能耐心的看到这,如果文中有不对的地方,还请多多指正。谢谢!!

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