Esp8266学习之旅⑤ 8266原生乐鑫SDK高级使用之封装Post与Get请求云端，拿到“天气预报信息”。(带Demo)

---

• 本系列博客学习由非官方人员 半颗心脏 潜心所力所写，仅仅做个人技术交流分享，不做任何商业用途。如有不对之处，请留言，本人及时更改。

  • ①、 Esp8266之 搭建开发环境，开始一个“hellow world”串口打印。

  • ②、 Esp8266 之利用GPIO开始使用按钮点亮你的“第一盏灯”。

  • ③、 Esp8266之 利用 ” 软件定时器 ” 定时0.5秒闪烁点亮一盏LED。

  • ④ 、Esp8266之 了解PWM，更为深入地用PWM控制一盏LED的亮度变化。

  • ⑤ 、Esp8266之 原生乐鑫SDK高级使用之封装Post与Get请求云端，拿到“天气预报信息”。

  • ⑥ 、Esp8266之 了解SmartConfig与AirKiss的一键配网区别，给8266一键配网上云端。

  • ⑦ 、Esp8266之 了解 softAP热点配网模式原理，仿“机智云”定义自己的热点配网模式协议。

  • ⑧、Esp8266之 你要找的8266作为UDP、TCP客户端或服务端的角色通讯，都在这了。

  • 9、 Esp8266进阶之路第一篇： [小实战上篇]Windows系统搭建8266的本地Mqtt服务器，局域网点亮一盏LED灯。

  • 10、 Esp8266进阶之路第二篇： [小实战下篇]Windows系统搭建8266的本地Mqtt服务器，局域网点亮一盏LED灯。

---

一、前言。

---

1.1、 由于本篇博文理论多于代码，大家要耐心看下去哦。先上效果图：

---

---

1.2、我还是复制过来吧，图片看的模糊：

---

GM�X匑
IeI旝E爻釩Q@娈]_[窜N臫瀺郹\�%aHP@i薱hFa咤爾@G阝吿TQ征枀H歃Ea蹷�aHP@iI塒@娈a繲氣厛TQ睁邊瞃a蹷�uJQ@i嫂Q@娈q萒陉吺Y蓥迏H鋂膄�a\�� *惣謱滯鮂 ----- PB  start -----  api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/daily.json?key=rrpd2zmqkpwlsckt&location=guangzhou&language=en&unit=c&start=0&days=3 ----- PB next -----  /v3/weather/daily.json?key=rrpd2zmqkpwlsckt&location=guangzhou&language=en&unit=c&start=0&days=3 ----- PB end -----   ----- PB=true -----  api.seniverse.com ----- 请求数据开始----- GET /v3/weather/daily.json?key=rrpd2zmqkpwlsckt&location=guangzhou&language=en&unit=c&start=0&days=3 HTTP/1.1Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8Accept: */*Host: api.seniverse.comConnection: Keep-Alive -----请求数据结束-----  发送数据成功！ ----- 开始接受数据-----  HTTP/1.1 200 OKDate: Tue, 28 Nov 2017 08:23:45 GMTContent-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8Content-Length: 900Connection: keep-aliveCache-Control: no-cachePragma: no-cacheExpires: -1{"results":[{"location":{"id":"WS0E9D8WN298","name":"Guangzhou","country":"CN","path":"Guangzhou,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China","timezone":"Asia/Shanghai","timezone_offset":"+08:00"},"daily":[{"date":"2017-11-28","text_day":"Cloudy","code_day":"4","text_night":"Overcast","code_night":"9","high":"25","low":"18","precip":"","wind_direction":"CLM","wind_direction_degree":"","wind_speed":"10","wind_scale":"2"},{"date":"2017-11-29","text_day":"Overcast","code_day":"9","text_night":"Light rain","code_night":"13","high":"25","low":"16","precip":"","wind_direction":"CLM","wind_direction_degree":"","wind_speed":"10","wind_scale":"2"},{"date":"2017-11-30","text_day":"Light rain","code_day":"13","text_night":"Light rain","code_night":"13","high":"21","low":"14","precip":"","wind_direction":"CLM","wind_direction_degree":"","wind_speed":"10","wind_scale":"2"}],"last_update":"2017-11-28T11:00:00+08:00"}]} -----结束接受数据-----    断开连接成功！

---

1.3、电路图：最小系统就行。因为不需要物理按键触发配网：

---

---

二、理论知识 。

---

2.1 、 esp8266从联网到云端取数据的原理。

---

---

2.2 、原理流程大概都懂了。但是重要的是搞硬件的电子爱好者可能不懂 啥是Post请求和Get请求，好吧！我再画一个图：

---

---

2.3 、既然请求方式都懂了，那么我们的8266是怎么做到请求数据呢？好吧！我再再画一个图：

---

---

三、上代码！

---

3.1 写头文件 my_http.h”的实现C文件。用于剖析URL，定义post请求或get请求。

---

#include "my_http.h"#include "c_types.h"#include "client.h"//剖析URLvoid ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR http_parse_request_url(char *URL, char *host,char *filename, unsigned short *port) {    char *PA;    char *PB;    memset(host, 0, sizeof(host));    memset(filename, 0, sizeof(filename));    *port = 0;    if (!(*URL)){        uart0_sendStr("\r\n ----- URL return -----  \r\n");        return;    }    PA = URL;    if (!strncmp(PA, "http://", strlen("http://"))) {        PA = URL + strlen("http://");    } else if (!strncmp(PA, "https://", strlen("https://"))) {        PA = URL + strlen("https://");    }    PB = strchr(PA, '/');    if (PB) {        uart0_sendStr("\r\n ----- PB=true -----  \r\n");        memcpy(host, PA, strlen(PA) - strlen(PB));        if (PB + 1) {            memcpy(filename, PB + 1, strlen(PB - 1));            filename[strlen(PB) - 1] = 0;        }        host[strlen(PA) - strlen(PB)] = 0;        uart0_sendStr(host,strlen(host));    } else {        uart0_sendStr("\r\n ----- PB=false -----  \r\n");        memcpy(host, PA, strlen(PA));        host[strlen(PA)] = 0;        uart0_sendStr(host,strlen(host));    }    PA = strchr(host, ':');    if (PA){        *port = atoi(PA + 1);    }else{        *port = 80;    }}//寻找DNS解析，并且配置void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR user_esp_dns_found(const char *name, ip_addr_t *ipaddr,void *arg) {    struct ip_info info;    wifi_get_ip_info(STATION_IF, &info);    my_station_init(ipaddr, &info.ip, port);}//定义Get请求的实现void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR startHttpQuestByGET(char *URL){    struct ip_addr addr;    memset(buffer,0,1024);    http_parse_request_url(URL,host,filename,&port);    os_sprintf(buffer,GET,filename,host);    espconn_gethostbyname(&user_tcp_conn,host, &addr,    user_esp_dns_found);}//定义Post请求的实现void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR startHttpQuestByPOST(char *URL,char *method,char *postdata){    struct ip_addr addr;    memset(buffer,0,1024);    http_parse_request_url(URL,host,filename,&port);    os_sprintf(buffer,POST,filename,strlen(postdata),host,postdata);    espconn_gethostbyname(&user_tcp_conn,host, &addr,    user_esp_dns_found);}

---

3.2、写头文件client.h的实现C文件。用于配置本地端口、连接服务器

---

#include "client.h"#include "iconv.h"#include "stdio.h"#include "string.h"//成功接收到服务器返回数据函数void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR user_tcp_recv_cb(void *arg, char *pdata,        unsigned short len) {    uart0_sendStr("\r\n ----- 开始接受数据----- \r\n ");    uart0_tx_buffer(pdata, strlen(pdata));    uart0_sendStr("\r\n -----结束接受数据-----  \r\n ");}//发送数据到服务器成功的回调函数void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR user_tcp_sent_cb(void *arg) {    uart0_sendStr("发送数据成功！\r\n ");}//断开服务器成功的回调函数void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR user_tcp_discon_cb(void *arg) {    uart0_sendStr("断开连接成功！\r\n ");}//连接失败的回调函数，err为错误代码void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR user_tcp_recon_cb(void *arg, sint8 err) {    uart0_sendStr("连接错误，错误代码为%d\r\n", err);    espconn_connect((struct espconn *) arg);}//成功连接到服务器的回调函数void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR user_tcp_connect_cb(void *arg) {    struct espconn *pespconn = arg;    espconn_regist_recvcb(pespconn, user_tcp_recv_cb);    espconn_regist_sentcb(pespconn, user_tcp_sent_cb);    espconn_regist_disconcb(pespconn, user_tcp_discon_cb);    uart0_sendStr("\r\n ----- 请求数据开始----- \r\n");    uart0_tx_buffer(buffer, strlen(buffer));    uart0_sendStr("\r\n -----请求数据结束-----  \r\n");    espconn_sent(pespconn, buffer, strlen(buffer));}void ICACHE_FLASH_ATTR my_station_init(struct ip_addr *remote_ip,        struct ip_addr *local_ip, int remote_port) {    //配置    user_tcp_conn.type = ESPCONN_TCP;    user_tcp_conn.state = ESPCONN_NONE;    user_tcp_conn.proto.tcp = (esp_tcp *) os_zalloc(sizeof(esp_tcp));    os_memcpy(user_tcp_conn.proto.tcp->local_ip, local_ip, 4);    os_memcpy(user_tcp_conn.proto.tcp->remote_ip, remote_ip, 4);    user_tcp_conn.proto.tcp->local_port = espconn_port();    user_tcp_conn.proto.tcp->remote_port = remote_port;    //注册    espconn_regist_connectcb(&user_tcp_conn, user_tcp_connect_cb);    espconn_regist_reconcb(&user_tcp_conn, user_tcp_recon_cb);    //连接服务器    espconn_connect(&user_tcp_conn);}

---

3.3 程序入口，user_main.c。

---

#include "driver/uart.h"#include "user_main.h"//连接路由器的定时器os_timer_t checkTimer_wifistate;void Check_WifiState(void) {    uint8 getState;    getState = wifi_station_get_connect_status();    //如果状态正确，证明已经成功连接到路由器    if (getState == STATION_GOT_IP) {        os_printf("WIFI连接成功！把连接路由器的定时器关闭！");        os_timer_disarm(&checkTimer_wifistate);        os_timer_disarm(&connect_timer);        uint8 status = wifi_station_get_connect_status();        if (status == STATION_GOT_IP) {            uart0_sendStr("WIFI连接成功！开始请求数据！");            startHttpQuestByGET(                    "https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/daily.json?key=rrpd2zmqkpwlsckt&location=guangzhou&language=en&unit=c&start=0&days=3");            return;        }    }}void user_init() {    uart_init(57600, 57600);    wifi_set_opmode(0x01); //设置为STATION模式    struct station_config stationConf;    os_strcpy(stationConf.ssid, "TP-LINK_AliYun");    //改成你自己的   路由器的用户名    os_strcpy(stationConf.password, "aliyun_123456"); //改成你自己的   路由器的密码    wifi_station_set_config(&stationConf); //设置WiFi station接口配置，并保存到 flash    wifi_station_connect(); //连接路由器    os_timer_disarm(&checkTimer_wifistate); //取消定时器定时    os_timer_setfn(&checkTimer_wifistate, (os_timer_func_t *) Check_WifiState,    NULL); //设置定时器回调函数    os_timer_arm(&checkTimer_wifistate, 500, true); //启动定时器，单位：毫秒500}

---

4、关于服务器的选择与怎么看接口使用。

---

4.1、这个我使用的是心知天气，不是卖广告，*不喜勿喷！！

---

接口：https://www.seniverse.com/doc#daily

---

---

Demo: https://github.com/xuhongv/StudyInEsp8266/tree/master/6_PostAndGet