Python爬虫学习纪要（十）：Requests 库学习笔记5

一、reqeusts.get:
def get(url, params=None, **kwargs)
其中**kwargs:十二个控制访问参数，均为可选项
1）params:字典或者字节序列，作为参数增加到url中
2）data:字典、字节序列或者文件对象，作为Request的内容json：JSON格式的数据，作为Request的内容
3）headers:字典，HTTP定制头
4）cookies:字典或Cookiejar, Request中的cookie
5）auth:元组，支持HTTP认证功能
6）files:字典类型，传输文件
7）timeout:设定超时时间，单位秒
8）proxies:字典类型，设定访问代理服务器，可以增加登录认证
9）allow_redirects:Ture/False,默认为True，重定向开关
10）stream:True/False,默认为True，获取内容立即下载开关
11）verify:True/False,默认为True，认证SSL证书开关
12）cert:本地SSL证书路径
13）url:拟更新页面的url链接
14）data:字典、字节序列或文件，Request的内容
15）json:JSON格式的数据，Request的内容

二、传输RUL参数
例·1：
import requests

test = {'key1':'value1', 'key2':'value2'}
r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com', params=test)
print(r.url)

输出：
http://www.baidu.com/?key1=value1&key2=value2

例·2：
import requests

test = {'key1':'value1', 'key2':['value2', 'value3']}
r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com', params=test)
print(r.url)

输出：
http://www.baidu.com/?key1=value1&key2=value2&key2=value3

三、响应内容
响应内容(r.text)、二进制响应内容(r.content)、JSON响应内容(r.json)区别：
import requests

r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json')
print(r.text)
print('==========')
print(r.content)
print('==========')
print(r.json)

输出：
{"message":"Hello there, wayfaring stranger. If you’re reading this then you probably didn’t see our blog post a couple of years back announcing that this API would go away: http://git.io/17AROg Fear not, you should be able to get what you need from the shiny new Events API instead.","documentation_url":"https://developer.github.com/v3/activity/events/#list-public-events"}
==========
b'{"message":"Hello there, wayfaring stranger. If you\xe2\x80\x99re reading this then you probably didn\xe2\x80\x99t see our blog post a couple of years back announcing that this API would go away: http://git.io/17AROg Fear not, you should be able to get what you need from the shiny new Events API instead.","documentation_url":"https://developer.github.com/v3/activity/events/#list-public-events"}'
==========
<bound method Response.json of <Response [410]>>