nginx配置文件nginx.conf详解

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nginx.conf

#user  nobody;worker_processes  1;#error_log  logs/error.log;#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;#error_log  logs/error.log  info;#pid        logs/nginx.pid;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;    sendfile        on;    #tcp_nopush     on;    #keepalive_timeout  0;    keepalive_timeout  65;    #gzip  on;    server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        #charset koi8-r;        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;        location / {            root   html;            index  index.html index.htm;        }        #error_page  404              /404.html;        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html        #        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80        #        #location ~ \.php$ {        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;        #}        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000        #        #location ~ \.php$ {        #    root           html;        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;        #    include        fastcgi_params;        #}        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root        # concurs with nginx's one        #        #location ~ /\.ht {        #    deny  all;        #}    }    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration    #    #server {    #    listen       8000;    #    listen       somename:8080;    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;    #    location / {    #        root   html;    #        index  index.html index.htm;    #    }    #}    # HTTPS server    #    #server {    #    listen       443 ssl;    #    server_name  localhost;    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;    #    location / {    #        root   html;    #        index  index.html index.htm;    #    }    #}}

worker_processes

启动进程的数目，通常和cpu数目一致

error_log

全局错误日志

events{

use epoll;

worker_connections 1024;

}

events中配置工作模式以及连接数上限。
epoll是多路复用io中的一种方式，可以提高nginx性能；
worker_connections 就是单个启动进程worker_process最大并发链接数
并发总数 = worker_processes * worker_connections

http {
include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

设置mime类型，由mime.type定义，默认类型application/octet-stream
mime.type设置http响应的Content_Type

    #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

日志格式

#access_log logs/access.log main;

记录详细日志信息，logs/access.log是日志具体的存储位置

sendfile on;

设置nginx是否调用sendfile()方法输出文件（对于下载或者磁盘重负载的应用可以设置为off，来平衡磁盘和I/O处理速度）

#tcp_nopush on;

nginx在一个数据包中发送所有头文件，而不需要一个一个发送

#tcp_nodelay on;

设置nginx不要缓存数据

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;

设置连接超时时间

#gzip on;

开启压缩（gzip格式）

server {
listen 80;

监听端口，80是默认端口

server_name localhost;

定义使用localhost访问

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log logs/host.access.log main;

        location / {
            root   html;

定义网站根目录位置

index index.html index.htm;

设置首页索引文件名称

        }

        #error_page 404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

定义错误页面

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;    配置proxy_pass代理转发
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

指定FastCGI服务器监听端口与地址

        #    fastcgi_index index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny all;

禁止访问

        #}
    }

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name somename alias another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout 5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

upstream name{

server ip1：port weight = 1；
server ip2：port weight = 2；
server ip3：port weight = 3；

}

upstream 实现负载均衡，以weight（权重）方式分发，权重越大被分配到的几率越大

client_header_buffer_size 128k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 128k;

设置请求缓存，client_header_buffer_size是请求头缓冲区，超过了就会使用large_client_header_buffers

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