学会使用码云管理文件

使用码云带来的好处：

• 代码共享
• 文件恢复
• 源码维护
• 版本控制

常见版本控制系统有Git、SVN、CVS、Git、Mercurial，目前主流使用的最多的就是git和svn，下面是这两种版本控制系统的比较：

1. GIT是分布式的，SVN是集中式管理；
2. GIT把内容按元数据方式增量存储，而SVN是按文件； <.svn .git >
3. GIT分支和SVN的分支不同；
4. GIT的内容完整性要优于SVN：
5. git内容存储使用的是SHA-1哈希算法；
6. SVN有一个全局的整数编号，而git则是一个SHA-1值作编号：
7. SVN控制粒度可以到某个目录（当然很少这样做）;而git一般是整个项目；

一、创建项目

 1. 点击“+”->"新建项目" 2. 填写归属->填写名称->路径自动匹配->介绍(非必填)->选择程序语言(如C)->添加.gitignore->加密方式(如GPL v2)->相应填写是否公开->保存 3. (可选)开启svn访问：点进项目->管理->基本设置->启用svn访问

二、公钥管理

开发者向码云版本库写入最常用到的协议是 SSH 协议，因为 SSH 协议使用公钥认证，可以实
现无口令访问，而若使用 HTTPS 协议每次身份认证时都需要提供口令。

1.若服务器没有安装git服务，首先安装

[root@VM_83_82_redhat ~]# yum install git git-gui

2.对git进行全局配置

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ git config --global user.name"yanhuan"[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ git config --global user.email"*****@foxmail.com"//用户名和邮箱应为自己实际姓名而非登录名

3.生成SSH秘钥

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "*****@foxmail.com"  //对应上方邮箱Generating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/yanhuan/.ssh/id_rsa):       //选择秘钥保存路径Created directory '/home/yanhuan/.ssh'. Passphrases do not match.  Try again.Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):     //linux账号的密码Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/yanhuan/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/yanhuan/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:3b:2b:69:61:f1:40:77:c0:3a:ff:e8:07:3f:58:1c:cd *****@foxmail.comThe key's randomart image is:+--[ RSA 2048]----+|       ...       ||      . o .      ||     . o . o     ||      =   . E    ||       *S. .     ||      o +.o      ||     . ooB       ||      + oo=      ||     . oo. .     |+-----------------+

4.上传秘钥到码云

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub               //查看秘钥文件ssh-rsa AAAA************705R2UZ ******@foxmail.com

设置->SSH公钥->添加

5.测试是否连上SVN

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ ssh -T [e-mail] authenticity of host 'git.oschina.net (120.55.226.24)' can't be established.ECDSA key fingerprint is 27:e5:d3:f7:2a:9e:eb:6c:93:cd:1f:c1:47:a3:54:b1.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added 'git.oschina.net,120.55.226.24' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.Enter passphrase for key '/home/yanhuan/.ssh/id_rsa':                   //linux密码Welcome to Gitee.com, yanhuan!                                          //成功[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ 

三、下载

1.git下载

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ git clone [e-mail]:************.gitCloning into 'FL2440KaiFaBan'...The authenticity of host 'gitee.com (120.55.226.24)' can't be established.ECDSA key fingerprint is 27:e5:d3:f7:2a:9e:eb:6c:93:cd:1f:c1:47:a3:54:b1.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added 'gitee.com' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.Enter passphrase for key '/home/yanhuan/.ssh/id_rsa': remote: Counting objects: 4, done.remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.remote: Total 4 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)Receiving objects: 100% (4/4), 6.93 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.              //git下载成功

2.svn下载

注意: 在码云上使用git管理的项目，svn不能管理空文件夹，只能管理文件:

[root@VM_83_82_redhat ~]# yum install subversion                   //首先要有svn[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ svn co svn://gitee.com/**********     //svn下载地址Authentication realm: <svn://gitee.com:3690> gitee.comPassword for 'yanhuan':                                            //linux密码Authentication realm: <svn://gitee.com:3690> gitee.comUsername: *******@qq.com                                           //码云注册邮箱Password for '********@qq.com':                                    //码云密码Authentication realm: <svn://gitee.com:3690> gitee.comUsername: ******@qq.comPassword for '*******@qq.com': Store password unencrypted (yes/no)? yes   C FL2440KaiFaBan/LICENSE   C FL2440KaiFaBan/README.mdChecked out revision 1.                                //revision 1下载成成功[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ ^C[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ lsFL2440KaiFaBan[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ lsFL2440KaiFaBan[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat ~]$ ls FL2440KaiFaBan/LICENSE  README.md

四、git上传

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ git config --global user.name "yanhuan"  [yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ git config --global user.email "*******@foxmail.com"[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ ls crosstool/build.sh[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ git add crosstool/         //git上传crosstoll[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ git commit -m"Add crosstool build shell script"   //注释[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ git push                  //push上码云Enter passphrase for key '/home/yanhuan/.ssh/id_rsa':               //linux密码Counting objects: 5, done.Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 611 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.Total 4 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)To [e-mail]:yanyanhuan/FL2440KaiFaBan.git   e172c5b..d442979  master -> master

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ git checkout .            //git同步下载

五、svn上传

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ svn add crosstool/         //svn上传crosstoolA crosstoolA crosstool/build.sh[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ svn ci -m"Add crosstool build shell script"    //注释

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ svn diff                   //比较

[yanhuan@VM_83_82_redhat FL2440KaiFaBan]$ svn up                     //svn同步