VC编程中常使用的子函数

1. 改变光标形状

例如，改变光标为等待状态

加载别的形状的光标：HCURSOR hCursor = SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_WAIT));

注意，要保存SetCursor函数的返回值，用于恢复光标，使用SetCursor(hCursor)恢复原来的光标

 

2.1.判断某个文件是否存在

 

Determines whether a path to a file system object such as a file or directory is valid.

BOOL PathFileExists(    LPCTSTR pszPath    );

Parameters

pszPath

[in] Pointer to a null-terminated string of maximum length MAX_PATH that contains the full path of the object to verify.

Return Values

Returns TRUE if the file exists, or FALSE otherwise. Call GetLastError for extended error information.

Example

#include <windows.h>#include <iostream.h>#include "Shlwapi.h"void main( void ){// Valid file path name (file is there).char buffer_1[ ] = "C://TEST//file.txt"; char *lpStr1;lpStr1 = buffer_1;// Invalid file path name (file is not there).char buffer_2[ ] = "C://TEST//file.doc"; char *lpStr2;lpStr2 = buffer_2;// Return value from "PathFileExists".int retval;// Search for the presence of a file with a true result.retval = PathFileExists(lpStr1);if(retval == 1){cout << "Search for the file path of : " << lpStr1 << endl;cout << "The file requested /"" << lpStr1 << "/" is a valid file" << endl;cout << "The return from function is : " << retval << endl;}else{cout << "/nThe file requested " << lpStr1 << " is not a valid file" << endl;cout << "The return from function is : " << retval << endl;}// Search for the presence of a file with a false result.retval = PathFileExists(lpStr2);if(retval == 1){cout << "/nThe file requested " << lpStr2 << "is a valid file" << endl;cout << "Search for the file path of : " << lpStr2 << endl;cout << "The return from function is : " << retval << endl;}else{cout << "/nThe file requested /"" << lpStr2 << "/" is not a valid file" << endl;cout << "The return from function is : " << retval << endl;}}OUTPUT==============Search for the file path of : C:/TEST/file.txtThe file requested "C:/TEST/file.txt" is a valid fileThe return from function is : 1The file requested "C:/TEST/file.doc" is not a valid fileThe return from function is : 0

3. Rich Edit控件的使用

1) 在Dialog中放一个rich edit控件，然后用classwizard做一个变量对应这个控件，例如为m_RichEdit；

2) 在initdialog函数中，初始化这个控件

m_RichEdit.GetDefaultCharFormat(m_cf);m_cf.cbSize=sizeof(CHARFORMAT);m_cf.dwMask=CFM_COLOR|CFM_CHARSET|CFM_FACE;m_cf.crTextColor=COLOR_NORMAL;m_cf.bCharSet=GB2312_CHARSET;memcpy(m_cf.szFaceName,"宋体",4);m_RichEdit.SetDefaultCharFormat(m_cf);m_RichEdit.SetBackgroundColor(0,RGB(200,200,200));m_Font.CreatePointFont(120,"宋体");m_RichEdit.SetFont(&m_Font);

3) 制作几个功能函数：

void XXXX::ClearMsg(){m_RichEdit.SetWindowText("");}void XXXX::ShowMsg(CString str,COLORREF dw,BOOL bBold){CHARFORMAT cf;m_RichEdit.GetDefaultCharFormat(cf);cf.dwMask=CFM_COLOR|CFM_PROTECTED;cf.dwEffects=CFE_PROTECTED;if(bBold) {cf.dwMask|=CFM_BOLD;cf.dwEffects|=CFE_BOLD;}cf.crTextColor=dw;//------------m_RichEdit.HideSelection(1,0);m_RichEdit.SetSel(0,-1);m_RichEdit.SetSel(-1,-1);m_RichEdit.SetSelectionCharFormat(cf);m_RichEdit.ReplaceSel(str);}

void XXXX::OnRicheditCopy() {m_RichEdit.Copy();}void XXXX::OnRicheditSaveas() {LPCTSTR lpszFilter="文本文件(*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件|*.*|";CFileDialog fd(0,"txt",NULL,0,lpszFilter);fd.m_ofn.lpstrTitle="保存文件...";if(fd.DoModal()==IDOK){CString str;m_RichEdit.GetWindowText(str);CFile file;if(!file.Open(fd.GetPathName(),CFile::modeCreate|CFile::modeWrite)) return;file.WriteHuge(str,str.GetLength());file.Close();}}

void XXXX::OnRicheditSelectall() {m_RichEdit.SetSel(0,-1);}

3. 创建浏览目录窗口

#include <Shlobj.h>

UpdateData(TRUE);char szDir[MAX_PATH];BROWSEINFO bi;ITEMIDLIST *pidl;bi.hwndOwner = this->m_hWnd;bi.pidlRoot = NULL;bi.pszDisplayName = szDir;bi.lpszTitle = "请选择目录";bi.ulFlags = BIF_STATUSTEXT | BIF_RETURNONLYFSDIRS;bi.lpfn = NULL;bi.lParam = 0;bi.iImage = 0;pidl = SHBrowseForFolder(&bi);if(pidl == NULL)  return;if(!SHGetPathFromIDList(pidl, szDir))   {return;}else { strPath = szDir;}

4. 判断文件夹是否存在以及创建文件夹

Header: Declared in Shlwapi.h. Import Library: Shlwapi.lib.

        CString strDirPath = m_strSavePath;strDirPath += "\\";strDirPath += m_strDeviceName;if(!PathIsDirectory(strDirPath)){if(!CreateDirectory(strDirPath,NULL)){MessageBox("创建目录失败!");}}

5. CFileDialog 构造函数参数说明

CFileDialog::CFileDialog( BOOL bOpenFileDialog, LPCTSTR lpszDefExt = NULL, LPCTSTR lpszFileName = NULL, DWORD dwFlags = OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT, LPCTSTR lpszFilter = NULL, CWnd* pParentWnd = NULL );参数意义如下：bOpenFileDialog 为TRUE则显示打开对话框，为FALSE则显示保存对话文件对话框。lpszDefExt 指定默认的文件扩展名。lpszFileName 指定默认的文件名。dwFlags 指明一些特定风格。lpszFilter 是最重要的一个参数，它指明可供选择的文件类型和相应的扩展名。参数格式如： "Chart Files (*.xlc)|*.xlc|Worksheet Files (*.xls)|*.xls|Data Files (*.xlc;*.xls)|*.xlc; *.xls|All Files (*.*)|*.*||";

文件类型说明和扩展名间用 | 分隔，同种类型文件的扩展名间可以用 ; 分割，每种文件类型间用 | 分隔，末尾用 || 指明。

6. 创建多级子目录函数

BOOL CGlobal::CreateMultipleDirectory(const CString& strPath){CString strDir(strPath);//存放要创建的目录字符串    //确保以'\'结尾以创建最后一个目录    if (strDir.GetAt(strDir.GetLength()-1)!=_T('\\')){        strDir += (_T('\\'));    }CStringArray   strArray;CString strTemp;//一个临时变量,存放目录字符串strTemp.Empty();    BOOL bSuccess = TRUE;//成功标志    //遍历要创建的字符串    for (int i=0;i<strDir.GetLength();++i){        if (strDir.GetAt(i) != _T('\\'))         {//如果当前字符不是'\\'            strTemp += (strDir.GetAt(i));        }        else         {//如果当前字符是'\\'strArray.Add(strTemp);  //将当前层的字符串添加到数组中            strTemp += _T('\\');        }    }    //遍历存放目录的数组,创建每层目录    for (i = 0 ; i < strArray.GetSize() ; i++){CString strDirPath = strArray.GetAt(i);    if(!PathIsDirectory(strDirPath)){     // 判断目录是否存在bSuccess = CreateDirectory(strDirPath, NULL) ? TRUE:FALSE;  // 不存在，创建目录if(!bSuccess){break;}}               }    return bSuccess;}

7.十六进制字符串转换为十进制数

int H2D(CString str){char** g=NULL;return (int)strtol(str,g,16);}

8. 如何判断某个对象是哪个类的实例

IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CXXXX)) , ASSERT_KINDOF(类名, 类指针);

9.16进制的字符串转化为16进制数

使用sscanf;例如：

CString strText,

DWORD dwTT；

sscanf(strText,"%x",&dwTT);

10. 从文档指针中得到视图指针

POSITION pos = pDoc->GetFirstViewPosition();CView* pView = pDoc->GetNextView(pos);

并且可以从视图指针得到Frame指针

CFrameWnd *pFrame = pView->GetParentFrame();

11. 动态添加动态库指令：

#pragma comment(lib, "XXX.lib")

12.用CString作为Key使用CMap

CMap在用CString做key类型时，ARG_KEY要选LPCTSTR 

 CMap<CString, LPCTSTR, int, int> typeMap;    typeMap.SetAt(_T("ONE"),1);    typeMap.SetAt(_T("TWO"),2);    int nValue = 0;    BOOL ret = typeMap.Lookup(_T("ONE"), nValue);    ret = typeMap.Lookup(_T("THREE"), nValue);    ret = typeMap.Lookup(_T("TWO"), nValue);

关键是ARG_KEY要选LPCTSTR

13.Windows精确定时

       LARGE_INTEGER litmp;        LONGLONG QPart1,QPart2;       double dfMinus, dfFreq, dfTim;        QueryPerformanceFrequency(&litmp);       dfFreq = (double)litmp.QuadPart;// 获得计数器的时钟频率       QueryPerformanceCounter(&litmp);       QPart1 = litmp.QuadPart;// 获得初始值       Sleep(100);       QueryPerformanceCounter(&litmp);       QPart2 = litmp.QuadPart;//获得中止值       dfMinus = (double)(QPart2-QPart1);       dfTim = dfMinus / dfFreq;// 获得对应的时间值，单位为秒   
14. 关于float转DWORD和DWORD转floatDWORD dw  = 0;  float f1 = 0.25;   cout<<"f1 = "<<f1<<endl;    dw = *((DWORD*)&f1);  cout<<"dw = *((DWORD*)&f1):  "<<dw<<endl;    f1 = 0.0;  cout<<"f1 = 0.0:  "<<f1<<endl;  f1 = *((float*)&dw);  cout<<"f1 = *((float*)&dw):  "<<f1<<endl;  运行结果如下f1 = 0.25dw = *((DWORD*)&f1):  1048576000f1 = 0.0:  0f1 = *((float*)&dw):  0.25其实这就是利用了编译器转型的手段，这里float和DWORD都是4个字节长度，通过以上手段转型，不会丢失二进制的数据，所以也就不会丢失原始数据。*((DWORD*)&f1)，首先获取一个float指针，然后将其强制转换为DWORD类型的指针，最后解引用，获取的是一个DWORD类型的值，*((float*)&dw)则是同理
15 .字符串转化为10进制数/10进制数转化为字符串
字符串转化为10进制数: strtol( const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base );
10进制数转化为字符串：
char *_itoa( int value, char *string, int radix );
16.判断两个矩形是否相交：
BOOL Intersects(const CRect& rect1，const CRect& rect2）{rect1.NormalizeRect();rect2.NormalizeRect();return !(rect1 & rect2).IsRectEmpty();}
17.批处理直接删除注册表命了：
reg delete HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\XXX\XXXX /f
直接用/fc参数就可以了，不需要其他的参数