无线串口调试手记(二)——MCS-51串口和LCD5510

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学过51好久了，好多知识都忘记了，比如在配置串口时，如何计算波特率，串口的几种工作方式，顺便了解到定时器的几种工作方式。

最大的感受是：学什么东西，在一开始的时候不可能什么都懂的，等你隔上一段时间，当然这段时间里面你应该仍然提高，而不是停滞不前，回过头再看看你当时学的东西，会有种大彻大悟的感受，原来也就是那么回事，还记得当初学习51单片机的时候，什么寄存器配置都不懂，只是跟着视频把代码抄下来，根本就不求甚解，只是知道，这样做就行了，直到调试nRF24L01的时候，才明白寄存器配置具体是怎么回事。

后来接触飞思卡尔，430这类单片机时又巩固了下。

所以呢，不管学什么，第一遍不懂没关系，关键不能放弃，当你到达另一个高度，再回来看看，看书已不是煎熬，而是享受知识了。

先来进行串口的配置，为了保证数据的稳定数传，先配置为 9600bps ，

这里先来详细解释下波特率的概念：

波特率：每秒钟传输二进制代码的位数；

9600bps，意思就是每秒钟传送9600个比特(bit)，因为算上1个起始位，1个停止位，8个数据位，所以完整完成一个字节(byte)的传输需要10位，也就是每秒钟960个字节，1s=1000ms，所以传输一个字节的时间为：

1000/9600=0.1042s=1.042ms

显然我们这里选第2种工作方式。

然后采用定时器，作为波特率的发生器，这里给出计算公式：

根据计算，可以算出当 TH1 = TL1 = 0xFD;

void Uart_Init(void)

{

TMOD = 0x20;

SCON = 0x50;

TH1 = 0xFD;

TL1 = TH1;

PCON = 0x00;

EA = 1;

ES = 1;

TR1 = 1;

}

好，串口及定时器差不多就到这里，下面就是LCD5110，这个屏网上的驱动是在很多，然后我整理下资料，写出了一个还算差强人意的驱动程序出来。

Font.h

#ifndef _FONT_H_#define _FONT_H_const char code table[480] ={0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, // 20 space ASCII table for NOKIA LCD: 96 rows * 5 bytes= 480 bytes 0x00,0x00,0x5f,0x00,0x00, // 21 ! Note that this is the same set of codes for character you 0x00,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x00, // 22 " would find on a HD44780 based character LCD.  0x14,0x7f,0x14,0x7f,0x14, // 23 # Also, given the size of the LCD (84 pixels by 48 pixels), 0x24,0x2a,0x7f,0x2a,0x12, // 24 $ the maximum number of characters per row is only 14.  0x23,0x13,0x08,0x64,0x62, // 25 % 0x36,0x49,0x55,0x22,0x50, // 26 & 0x00,0x05,0x03,0x00,0x00, // 27 ' 0x00,0x1c,0x22,0x41,0x00, // 28 ( 0x00,0x41,0x22,0x1c,0x00, // 29 ) 0x14,0x08,0x3e,0x08,0x14, // 2a * 0x08,0x08,0x3e,0x08,0x08, // 2b + 0x00,0x50,0x30,0x00,0x00, // 2c , 0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08, // 2d - 0x00,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00, // 2e . 0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02, // 2f / 0x3e,0x51,0x49,0x45,0x3e, // 30 0 0x00,0x42,0x7f,0x40,0x00, // 31 1 0x42,0x61,0x51,0x49,0x46, // 32 2 0x21,0x41,0x45,0x4b,0x31, // 33 3 0x18,0x14,0x12,0x7f,0x10, // 34 4 0x27,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x39, // 35 5 0x3c,0x4a,0x49,0x49,0x30, // 36 6 0x01,0x71,0x09,0x05,0x03, // 37 7 0x36,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x36, // 38 8 0x06,0x49,0x49,0x29,0x1e, // 39 9 0x00,0x36,0x36,0x00,0x00, // 3a : 0x00,0x56,0x36,0x00,0x00, // 3b ; 0x08,0x14,0x22,0x41,0x00, // 3c < 0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x14, // 3d = 0x00,0x41,0x22,0x14,0x08, // 3e > 0x02,0x01,0x51,0x09,0x06, // 3f ? 0x32,0x49,0x79,0x41,0x3e, // 40 @ 0x7e,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x7e, // 41 A 0x7f,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x36, // 42 B 0x3e,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x22, // 43 C 0x7f,0x41,0x41,0x22,0x1c, // 44 D 0x7f,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x41, // 45 E 0x7f,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x01, // 46 F 0x3e,0x41,0x49,0x49,0x7a, // 47 G 0x7f,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x7f, // 48 H 0x00,0x41,0x7f,0x41,0x00, // 49 I 0x20,0x40,0x41,0x3f,0x01, // 4a J 0x7f,0x08,0x14,0x22,0x41, // 4b K 0x7f,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40, // 4c L 0x7f,0x02,0x0c,0x02,0x7f, // 4d M 0x7f,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x7f, // 4e N 0x3e,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x3e, // 4f O 0x7f,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x06, // 50 P 0x3e,0x41,0x51,0x21,0x5e, // 51 Q 0x7f,0x09,0x19,0x29,0x46, // 52 R 0x46,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x31, // 53 S 0x01,0x01,0x7f,0x01,0x01, // 54 T 0x3f,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x3f, // 55 U 0x1f,0x20,0x40,0x20,0x1f, // 56 V 0x3f,0x40,0x38,0x40,0x3f, // 57 W 0x63,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x63, // 58 X 0x07,0x08,0x70,0x08,0x07, // 59 Y 0x61,0x51,0x49,0x45,0x43, // 5a Z 0x00,0x7f,0x41,0x41,0x00, // 5b [ 0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20, // 5c Yen Currency Sign 0x00,0x41,0x41,0x7f,0x00, // 5d ] 0x04,0x02,0x01,0x02,0x04, // 5e ^ 0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40, // 5f _ 0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x00, // 60 ` 0x20,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x78, // 61 a 0x7f,0x48,0x44,0x44,0x38, // 62 b 0x38,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x20, // 63 c 0x38,0x44,0x44,0x48,0x7f, // 64 d 0x38,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x18, // 65 e 0x08,0x7e,0x09,0x01,0x02, // 66 f 0x0c,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x3e, // 67 g 0x7f,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x78, // 68 h 0x00,0x44,0x7d,0x40,0x00, // 69 i 0x20,0x40,0x44,0x3d,0x00, // 6a j 0x7f,0x10,0x28,0x44,0x00, // 6b k 0x00,0x41,0x7f,0x40,0x00, // 6c l 0x7c,0x04,0x18,0x04,0x78, // 6d m 0x7c,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x78, // 6e n 0x38,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x38, // 6f o 0x7c,0x14,0x14,0x14,0x08, // 70 p 0x08,0x14,0x14,0x18,0x7c, // 71 q 0x7c,0x08,0x04,0x04,0x08, // 72 r 0x48,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x20, // 73 s 0x04,0x3f,0x44,0x40,0x20, // 74 t 0x3c,0x40,0x40,0x20,0x7c, // 75 u 0x1c,0x20,0x40,0x20,0x1c, // 76 v 0x3c,0x40,0x30,0x40,0x3c, // 77 w 0x44,0x28,0x10,0x28,0x44, // 78 x 0x0c,0x50,0x50,0x50,0x3c, // 79 y 0x44,0x64,0x54,0x4c,0x44, // 7a z 0x00,0x08,0x36,0x41,0x00, // 7b < 0x00,0x00,0x7f,0x00,0x00, // 7c | 0x00,0x41,0x36,0x08,0x00, // 7d > 0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x08, // 7e Right Arrow -> 0x78,0x46,0x41,0x46,0x78}; // 7f Left Arrow <- #endif

LCD5110.h

#ifndef _LCD_5110_H_#define _LCD_5110_H_sbit SCE = P2^0;   //Æ¬Ñ¡sbit RST = P2^1;     //¸´Î»,0¸´Î»sbit DC  = P2^2;     //1Ð´Êý¾Ý£¬0Ð´Ö¸Áîsbit SDIN = P2^3;    //Êý¾Ýsbit SCLK = P2^4;    //Ê±ÖÓextern void LCD_Init(void);      extern void LCD_Clear(void);extern void LCD_Set_XY(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y);    extern void LCD_SendChar(char);         // Write one character. extern void LCD_SendStr(const char *s); #endif

LCD5110.c

#include "./Includes/MacroAndConst.h"#include "./Includes/Font.h"#include "./Includes/LCD5110.h"static void Delay_Ms( byte bl_Ms ){word i = 0;bl_Ms *= 500;for (i = 0; i <bl_Ms; i++); }/*--------------------------------------------LCD_write_byte: Ê¹ÓÃSPI½Ó¿ÚÐ´Êý¾Ýµ½LCDÊäÈë²ÎÊý£ºdt£ºÐ´ÈëµÄÊý¾Ý£»command £ºÐ´Êý¾Ý/ÃüÁîÑ¡Ôñ£»----------------------------------------------*/static void LCD_Write_Byte(unsigned char dt, unsigned char command){unsigned char i;SCE=0;DC=command;for(i=0;i<8;i++){ if(dt&0x80)SDIN=1;elseSDIN=0;dt=dt<<1;SCLK=0; SCLK=1; }DC=1;SCE=1;SDIN=1;}void LCD_Init(void){RST=0;  Delay_Ms(1);RST=1; LCD_Write_Byte(0x21,0);//³õÊ¼»¯Lcd,¹¦ÄÜÉè¶¨Ê¹ÓÃÀ©³äÖ¸ÁîLCD_Write_Byte(0xd0,0);//Éè¶¨Òº¾§Æ«ÖÃµçÑ¹LCD_Write_Byte(0x20,0);//Ê¹ÓÃ»ù±¾Ö¸ÁîLCD_Write_Byte(0x0C,0);//Éè¶¨ÏÔÊ¾Ä£Ê½£¬Õý³£ÏÔÊ¾LCD_Clear();}/*-------------------------------------------LCD_set_XY: ÉèÖÃLCD×ø±êº¯ÊýÊäÈë²ÎÊý£ºX£º0£83  Y£º0£5---------------------------------------------*/void LCD_Set_XY(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y){LCD_Write_Byte(0x40 | (Y&0x07), 0);// columnLCD_Write_Byte(0x80 | (X&0x7f), 0);// row} /*------------------------------------------LCD_clear: LCDÇåÆÁº¯Êý--------------------------------------------*/void LCD_Clear(void){unsigned char t;unsigned char k;LCD_Set_XY(0,0);for(t=0;t<6;t++){ for(k=0;k<84;k++){ LCD_Write_Byte(0x00,1);} }}/******************************************************************************* º¯ Êý Ãû: LCD_SendChar(char x)* º¯Êý¹¦ÄÜ: ·¢ËÍµ¥×Ö·û* Èë¿Ú²ÎÊý: ÎÞ* ·µ    »Ø: ÎÞ*******************************************************************************/void LCD_SendChar(char x) {   int a;   char c,b;   LCD_Write_Byte(0x20,0);  if((x<0x20)||(x>0x7f))   return;   a=((5*x)-160);   for(b=5;b>0;b--)   {     c=table[a];     LCD_Write_Byte(c,1);    a++;   }   LCD_Write_Byte(0x00,1); } /******************************************************************************* º¯ Êý Ãû: SendStr(char x)* º¯Êý¹¦ÄÜ: ·¢ËÍ³¤×Ö·û* Èë¿Ú²ÎÊý: ÎÞ* ·µ    »Ø: ÎÞ*******************************************************************************/void LCD_SendStr(const char *s) {   while(*s)  {   LCD_SendChar(*s++);  } }

调试手记二就写到这里，明天开始第三篇。