linux驱动笔记——环境搭建1

1， 安装 Module-Init-Tools

Module-Init-Tools 的内容

安装的程序：depmod, insmod, insmod.static, lsmod (链接到 insmod), modinfo, modprobe (链接到 insmod), rmmod (链接到 insmod)

简要描述

depmod

创建一个可加载内核模块的依赖关系文件，modprobe 用它来自动加载模块。

insmod

向正在运行的内核加载模块

insmod.static

insmod 的静态编译版本

lsmod

显示当前已加载的内核模块信息

modinfo

检查与内核模块相关联的目标文件，并打印出所有能得到的信息。

modprobe

利用 depmod 创建的依赖关系文件来自动加载相关的模块

rmmod

从当前运行的内核中卸载模块

 

2，需要升级modutils

#rpm -e --nodeps modutils （强行卸载原有的modutilsRPM包）
#rpm -ivh modutils-2.4.21-23.src.rpm （把源代码包安装到了/usr/src/redflag/目录下［我电脑系统是红旗Linux］）

   1:modutils               warning: user kaos does not exist - using root
warning: group ocs does not exist - using root
########################################### [100%]
warning: user kaos does not exist - using root
warning: group ocs does not exist - using root
#cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS （进入规范文件目录下）

到这里为止，一切都顺利！
#rpmbuild --bb modutils.spec （生成二进制的RPM包）

执行完这命令后，问题就开始了... ...

报错：

error: Legacy syntax is unsupported: copyright
error: line 5: Unknown tag: Copyright: GPL

上网查了一下资料，把modutils.spec里边的第5行

            Copyright: GPL    改成 License:GPL

OK , RPM文件开始编译了，可没有多久就报错了

In file included from obj_kallsyms.c:26:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
obj_kallsyms.c: In function ‘obj32_kallsyms’:
obj_kallsyms.c:204: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
obj_kallsyms.c:279: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
make[1]: *** [obj_kallsyms.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/obj'
make: *** [all] 错误 2

将obj_kallsyms.c文件修改如下

将204行的

  a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents =
     xmalloc(osec->header.sh_size);

改成
  osec->contents = xmalloc(osec->header.sh_size);
  a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents;

将279行的

  a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents =
    xrealloc(a_hdr, a_hdr->total_size);

改成
  osec->contents = xrealloc(a_hdr, a_hdr->total_size);
  a_hdr = (struct kallsyms_header *) osec->contents;

然后将改动压缩回../SOURCES/modutils-2.4.27.tar.gz,在压缩包里

边直接改动，是不允许保存的，所以要先解压缩，改动后，压缩回去进行覆盖，

以下都是如此做法，不再重复。然后继续。

报错：

In file included from insmod.c:79:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
insmod.c: In function ‘add_symbols_from’:
insmod.c:278: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
make[1]: *** [insmod.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/insmod'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.36012 (%build)
将insmod.c文件的第278行

        ((char *)s->name) += 8;

改成

     s->name = (void *)((long)(s->name)+8);

再继续编译，

继续报错：

In file included from genksyms.c:32:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
genksyms.c:48: error: static declaration of ‘errors’ follows non-static declaration
./../include/util.h:43: error: previous declaration of ‘errors’ was here
make[1]: *** [genksyms.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/genksyms'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.97956 (%build)
将genksyms.c第48行的语句

               static int errors;

static去掉，

继续报错：

In file included from depmod.c:44:
./../include/util.h:42: warning: built-in function ‘log’ declared as non-function
depmod.c: In function ‘addksyms’:
depmod.c:1136: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
make[1]: *** [depmod.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/redflag/BUILD/modutils-2.4.27/depmod'
make: *** [all] 错误 2
error: Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.36319 (%build)
将depmod.c的第1136行

               ((char *)ksym->name) += 8;

改成
                ksym->name = (void *)((long)(ksym->name)+8);

继续... ...

Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Requires: /bin/sh libc.so.6 libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.0) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1.3) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)
Checking for unpackaged file(s): /usr/lib/rpm/check-files /var/tmp/modutils-root
warning: Installed (but unpackaged) file(s) found:
   /sbin/kallsyms.static
   /sbin/ksyms.static
   /sbin/lsmod.static
   /sbin/modprobe.static
   /sbin/rmmod.static
Wrote: /usr/src/redflag/RPMS/i386/modutils-2.4.27-1.i386.rpm
Executing(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.85202
+ umask 022
+ cd /usr/src/redflag/BUILD
+ cd modutils-2.4.27
+ rm -rf /var/tmp/modutils-root
+ exit 0
OK,终于编过去了，好累！！！

#cd ../RPMS/i386 （转入刚生成的二进制的RPM包所在位置）

#rpm -ivh modutils*.rpm

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
        file /usr/share/man/man2/delete_module.2.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package man-pages-2.21-4
        file /usr/share/man/man2/init_module.2.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package man-pages-2.21-4
        file /sbin/depmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /sbin/insmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /sbin/insmod.static from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /sbin/lsmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /sbin/modinfo from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /sbin/modprobe from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /sbin/rmmod from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /usr/share/man/man8/depmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /usr/share/man/man8/insmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /usr/share/man/man8/lsmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /usr/share/man/man8/modinfo.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /usr/share/man/man8/modprobe.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
        file /usr/share/man/man8/rmmod.8.gz from install of modutils-2.4.27-1 conflicts with file from package module-init-tools-3.2-0.pre9.2.2.2
安装之前生成的RPM，从上边提示来看，我电脑上已有的设置跟RPM包有一些冲突，可能是因为电脑本身的内核版本就很高，跟modultils-2.4有不一致的地方。不知道对后面编译内核有没有影响，这个放到后面再说吧。本来想找 modultils-2.6，哪知连www,kernel.org网站都找不着，之好用所看到最新的modultils-2.4.27了

3，终于可以使用 /sbin/insmod 和 /sbin/rmmod 向内核加载卸载驱动了 

[root@localhost simple]# ll /sbin/insmod /sbin/rmmod
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4924 2007-09-05 /sbin/insmod
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8264 2007-09-05 /sbin/rmmod

把insmod和rmmod分别当成一个单独的可执行文件来看待