LHF Objective-C语法（10）常用类型

1、字符串

//========================================================================    /*字符串*/        NSString *s1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"You height is %d weight is %d",168,68];    NSLog(s1);        NSLog(@"The str length is %lu",[s1 length]);        NSString *s2 = @"You Height Is 168 weight is 68";    if([s2 isEqualToString:s1]==YES){        NSLog(@"equal yes");    }else{        NSLog(@"equal no");    }        // 详细比较    NSComparisonResult cr = [s2 compare:s1 options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch|NSNumericSearch];    if(cr == NSOrderedSame){        NSLog(@"Compare YES");    }else{        NSLog(@"Compare NO");    }        //判断前缀    if([s1 hasPrefix:@"You"]){        NSLog(@"hasPrefix YES");    }else{        NSLog(@"hasPrefix NO");    }        //判断s1中是否含有字符串height    NSRange range = [s1 rangeOfString:@"height"];    if(!(range.location ==NSNotFound)){        NSLog(@"The \"height\" is located in %lu",range.location);        NSLog(@"The \"height\" length is %lu",range.length);    }         //========================================================================        //可变字符串    NSMutableString *ms1 = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:100];    [ms1 appendString:@"You height is "];    [ms1 appendFormat:@"%d weight is %d",168,68];    NSLog(@"%@",ms1);                                NSRange r = [ms1 rangeOfString:@"weight is 68"];    [ms1 deleteCharactersInRange:r];    NSLog(@"%@",ms1);        [pool release];    return 0;

2、数组

      不能存储基本数据类型，如enum struct nil 。 只能存储对象 

NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];    int count = [array count];    for(int i=0;i<count;i++){        NSLog(@"%@",[array objectAtIndex:i]);    }        NSString *s = @"iphone,Android,windows7";    array = [s componentsSeparatedByString:@","];    s = [array componentsJoinedByString:@" "];    NSLog(s);        //可变数组    NSMutableArray *mArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:10];    [mArray addObject:@"Apple"];    [mArray addObject:@"Google"];    [mArray addObject:@"MicroSoft"];    [mArray removeObjectAtIndex:2];    s = [mArray componentsJoinedByString:@","];    NSLog(s);        //数组的迭代器    NSEnumerator *e = [mArray objectEnumerator];    id obj;    while(obj=[e nextObject]){          NSLog(@"---%@---",obj);    }        for(NSString *ms in mArray){          NSLog(@"===%@===",ms);    }

3、字典（哈希表），与JAVA中的Map类似

    //字典    NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"Apple", @"A",@"Google",@"G",nil];    NSLog(@"%@",[dic objectForKey:@"A"]);        NSMutableDictionary *mDic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:10];    [mDic setObject:@"Apple" forKey:@"A"];    [mDic setObject:@"Google" forKey:@"G"];    [mDic setObject:@"Window7" forKey:@"W"];    [mDic removeObjectForKey:@"w"];            for(id key in mDic){        NSLog(@"%@:%@",key,[mDic objectForKey:key]);    }        NSEnumerator *keyEnum = [mDic keyEnumerator];    id key;    while(key=[keyEnum nextObject]){        NSLog(@"---%@:%@---",key,[mDic objectForKey:key]);    }

4、哈希Set，与JAVA中的HashSet是一致的

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface Person : NSObject{    int pid;    NSString *name;}-(void) setPid:(int)pid;-(void) setName:(NSString*) name;-(id) pid;-(NSString*) name;@end@implementation Person-(void) setPid:(int)p{    pid = p;}-(void) setName:(NSString*) n{    [n retain];    [name release];    name = n;}-(id) pid{    return pid;}-(NSString*) name{    return name;}-(NSUInteger)hash{    return pid+[name hash];}-(BOOL)isEqual:(id)p{    if(pid==[p pid] && [name isEqualToString:[p name]]){        return YES;    }else{        return NO;    }}-(void) dealloc{    [name release];    [super dealloc];}@end

    //哈希Set
 Person *p1 = [[Person alloc] init]; [p1 setPid:1]; [p1 setName:@"Name1"]; Person *p2 = [[Person alloc] init]; [p2 setPid:1]; [p2 setName:@"Name1"]; Person *p3 = [[Person alloc] init]; [p3 setPid:3]; [p3 setName:@"Name3"]; NSSet *set = [NSSet setWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,nil]; NSEnumerator *e = [set objectEnumerator]; Person *p; while (p=[e nextObject]) { NSLog(@"%d",[p pid]); }
p1 和 p2实例相同，输出两个person的pid
5、封装类
前面的几个容器类都不能存放基本数据结构、enum、struct、nil 在JAVA中我们知道有封装类，例如：int--Integer  boolean--Boolean 
Cocoa 使用NSValue作为封装类

    NSNumber *n1 = [NSNumber numberWithChar:'A'];
 NSNumber *n2 = [NSNumber numberWithInt:100]; NSNumber *n3 = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:99.9F]; NSNumber *n4 = [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES]; NSLog(@"%d",[n4 intValue]);

6、日期类型
    //获取当前时间      NSDate *date = [NSDate date];    //格式化一个字符串为日期      NSCalendarDate *date2 = [NSCalendarDate  dateWithString:@"26 Apr 2008" calendarFormat:@"%d %b %Y"];    //当前时间的前一天时间      NSDate *date3 = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:-24*60*60];
7、数据缓冲区
NSData（NSMutableData）类型来实现缓冲区，类似与Java的字节数组，用于存储二进制的数据类型
    const char *cs = "He is very height";
 NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:cs length:strlen(cs)+1]; NSLog(@"%@",data);


	
				
	
					   
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