第八周任务一:运算符的重载

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* Copyright (c) 2011, 
烟台大学计算机学院学生
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文件名称:
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者:吴瑕
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完成日期: 2012 04 03
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号:

*对任务及求解方法的描述部分
* 
输入描述:

定义一个复数类重载运算符+*/,使之能用于复数的加减乘除。

1)方案一:请用类的成员函数完成运算符的重载;

#include<iostream>   using namespace std; class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}Complex operator+(Complex &c2);Complex operator-(Complex &c2);Complex operator*(Complex &c2);Complex operator/(Complex &c2);void display();private:double real;double imag;};//下面定义成员函数Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2){Complex c1;c1.real=real+c2.real;c1.imag=imag+c2.imag;return c1;}Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2){Complex c1;c1.real=real-c2.real;c1.imag=imag-c2.imag;return c1;}Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2){Complex c;  c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;  c.imag=real*c2.imag+imag*c2.real; return c;  }Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2){Complex c;  c.real=(real*(c2.real)+imag*c2.imag)/((c2.imag*c2.imag)+real*real);  c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/((c2.imag*c2.imag)+real*real);   return c;  }void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;  }int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;cout<<"c1=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();system("pause");return 0;}
运行结果:

2)方案二:请用类的友元函数,而不是成员函数,完成上面提及的运算符的重载;

#include<iostream>   using namespace std; class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}friend Complex operator+(Complex c1,Complex &c2);friend Complex operator-(Complex c1,Complex &c2);friend Complex operator*(Complex c1,Complex &c2);friend Complex operator/(Complex c1,Complex &c2);void display();private:double real;double imag;};//下面定义成员函数Complex operator+(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=c1.real+c2.real;c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;return c;}Complex operator-(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=c1.real-c2.real;c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;return c;}Complex operator*(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;  c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;  c.imag=c1.real*c2.imag+c1.imag*c2.real; return c;  }Complex operator/(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;  c.real=(c1.real*(c2.real)+c1.imag*c2.imag)/((c2.imag*c2.imag)+c1.real*c1.real);  c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/((c2.imag*c2.imag)+c1.real*c1.real);   return c;  }void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;  }int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;cout<<"c1=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();system("pause");return 0;}


运行结果:

3)方案三:在方案二的基础上,扩展+*/运算符的功能,使之能与double型数据进行运算。

Complex c; double d; c?dd?c的结果为“将d视为实部为d的复数同c运算”的结果(其中?+

*/之一)。另外,再定义一目运算符‐c相当于0‐c

 

#include<iostream>   using namespace std; class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}friend Complex operator+(Complex c1,Complex &c2);friend Complex operator-(Complex c1,Complex &c2);friend Complex operator*(Complex c1,Complex &c2);friend Complex operator/(Complex c1,Complex &c2);friend Complex operator+(Complex c1,double d);friend Complex operator-(Complex c1,double d);friend Complex operator*(Complex c1,double d);friend Complex operator/(Complex c1,double d);friend Complex operator-(Complex c1);void display();private:double real;double imag;};//下面定义成员函数Complex operator+(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=c1.real+c2.real;c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;return c;}Complex operator-(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=c1.real-c2.real;c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;return c;}Complex operator*(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;  c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;  c.imag=c1.real*c2.imag+c1.imag*c2.real; return c;  }Complex operator/(Complex c1,Complex &c2){Complex c;  c.real=(c1.real*(c2.real)+c1.imag*c2.imag)/((c2.imag*c2.imag)+c1.real*c1.real);  c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/((c2.imag*c2.imag)+c1.real*c1.real);   return c;  }Complex operator+(Complex c1,double d){Complex c;c.real=c1.real+d;c.imag=c1.imag;return c;}Complex operator-(Complex c1,double d){Complex c;c.real=c1.real-d;c.imag=c1.imag;return c;}Complex operator*(Complex c1,double d){Complex c;  c.real=c1.real*d;  c.imag=c1.imag*d;  return c;  }Complex operator/(Complex c1,double d){Complex c;  c.real=c1.real/d;  c.imag=c1.imag/d;  return c;  }void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;  }Complex operator-(Complex c1){Complex c;c.real=-c1.real;c.imag=-c1.imag;return c;}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;double d=5.1;cout<<"c1=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();c3=c1+d;cout<<"c1+d=";c3.display();c3=c1-d;cout<<"c1-d=";c3.display();c3=c1*d;cout<<"c1*d=";c3.display();c3=c1/d;cout<<"c1/d=";c3.display();c3=-c1;cout<<"-c1=";c3.display();system("pause");return 0;}

运行结果:


上机感言:

运算符的重载实质上就是为某一要用的运算符赋予一定的功能,使其实现自己要实现的运算。运算符的重载可读性强!

在实现友元函数时括号内忘了该怎么正确书写,最后出了好多错误啊!不过我感觉它出的值,下次就记住了,不会再犯这样的错误了!