缩写习惯

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转自:http://i.linuxtoy.org/docs/guide/ch02s02.html

构建于图形界面之上的操作系统,使用鼠标作为主输入设备, 是否使用缩写并不重要。比如 Windows 系统中的目录,几乎都是全称…… 点击两次鼠标进入文件夹 pf, 并不意味着点击13次才能进入文件夹 Program Files

而构建于命令行之上的操作系统,如 Linux,只要3个字母以上的单词,几乎都要缩写。 例如: cd 命令是 Change Directory 的缩写。 作为常用命令,如果使用它的全称 Change Directory,绝对是无聊和乏味的工作。

最常见的缩写,取每个单词的首字母,如

cdChange DirectoryddDisk DumpdfDisk FreeduDisk UsagepwdPrint Working DirectorypsProcesses StatusPSPrompt StringssuSubstitute UserrcRun CommandTclTool Command LanguagecupsCommon Unix Printing SystemaptAdvanced Packaging ToolbgBackGroundpingPacket InterNet Grouper

如果首字母后为“h”,通常保留

chshCHange SHellchmodCHange MODechownCHange OWNerchgrpCHange GRouPbashBourne Again SHellzshZ SHellkshKorn SHellsshSecure SHell

递归缩写[3]也属于这一类,如:

GNUGNU's Not UnixPHPPHP: Hypertext PreprocessorRPMRPM Package ManagerWINEWINE Is Not an EmulatorPNGPNG's Not GIFnanoNano's ANOther editor

有些缩写可能有多种定义,如:

rpmRPM Package Manager RedHat Package Manager  bcBasic CalculatorBetter Calculator  

这方面 Emacs 可谓独领风骚:

Emacs  Editor MACroSEmacs Makes A Computer SlowEscape Meta Alt Control ShiftEmacs Makers Are Crazy SickosEmacs Makes All Computing SimpleEmacs Makefiles Annihilate C-ShellsEmacs Manuals Always Cause SenilityEmacs May Allow Customized ScrewupsEmacs Manuals Are Cryptic and SurrealEventually Munches All Computer StorageEight Megabytes And Constantly SwappingElsewhere Maybe All Commands are SimpleExcellent Manuals Are Clearly SuppressedEmacs May Alienate Clients and SupportersExcept by Middle Aged Computer ScientistsExtended Macros Are Considered SuperfluousEvery Mode Accelerates Creation of SoftwareEach Manual's Audience is Completely StupefiedExceptionally Mediocre Algorithm for Computer ScientistsEasily Maintained with the Assistance of Chemical SolutionsEradication of Memory Accomplished with Complete Simplicity  

如果只有一个单词,通常取每个音节的首字母:

cpCoPylnLiNklsLiStmvMoVermReMove

对于目录,通常使用前几个字母作为缩写:

binBINariesdevDEVicesetcETCeteralibLIBraryvarVARiableprocPROCessessbinSuperuser BINariestmpTeMPoraryusrUnix Shared Resources

这种缩写的其它情况

diffDIFFerencescalCALendarcatCATenateedEDitorexecEXECutetabTABleregexpREGular EXPression

如果某种缩写比较深入人心,例如“mesg”代表“message”,在新的复合缩写中,将沿用这种缩写方式

dmesgDiagnostic MESsaGesedStream EDitorsttySet TTYfstabFileSystem TABlepasswdPASSWorD

有些缩写中,第一个字母“g”,代表“GNU”

awkAho Weiberger and Kernighan gawkGNU AWK gpgGNU Privacy Guard grepGNU Regular Expression Print egrepExtended GREP 


[3] 定义中包含自身缩写,如 GNU:

GNU's Not Unix

使用这个定义来解释定义中的缩写:

(GNU's Not Unix)'s Not Unix

这意味着它是可以无限递归的:

(((((GNU's Not Unix)'s Not Unix)'s Not Unix)'s Not Unix)'s Not Unix)'s Not Unix ……

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