win32 GDI 学习

来源：互联网发布：ubuntu usr扩容编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/04 18:39

原文地址::http://www.cnblogs.com/blackworld/archive/2011/09/08/2171541.html

//确定头文件的包含逻辑即此为win32程序，不要包含MFC内容。
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#include <windows.h> //批量包含头文件
#include <windowsx.h> //内部包含宏和常量
#include <mmsystem.h> // very important and include WINMM.LIB too!
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

#include "resources.h"

//定义窗口类类名
#define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME "WINCLASS1"
#define WINDOW_WIDTH 800
#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 600

#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)

#define KEYUP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)

HINSTANCE hinstance_app = NULL; // 只是为了全局使用应用程序实例
HDC hdc; // 要重画的窗口设备句柄
HWND hwnd; //窗口句柄
int xv=5; //物体移动速度
int yv=5; //物体移动速度
int x=WINDOW_WIDTH/2;
int y=WINDOW_HEIGHT/2;

// 窗口事件回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, //该回调函数对应的窗口句柄
UINT msg, //事件消息
WPARAM wparam,
LPARAM lparam)
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps; // 指向图形环境的句柄 WM_PAINT事件中使用

switch(msg)
{
case WM_CREATE: //窗口第一次创建时调用
{
// 初始化代码
PlaySound(MAKEINTRESOURCE(ID_WAVE1),hinstance_app,SND_RESOURCE|SND_ASYNC|SND_LOOP);
// 返回
return(0);
} break;

case WM_COMMAND: //菜单事件
{
switch(LOWORD(wparam)){
case MENU_FILE_ID_OPEN:
{
break;
}
case MENU_FILE_ID_CLOSE:
{
break;
}
case MENU_FILE_ID_SAVE:
{
break;
}
case MENU_FILE_ID_EXIT:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
case MENU_HELP_ABOUT:
{
// 弹出框方法解析
//MessageBox(hwnd,lptext,lpcaption,utype)
//hwnd 表示父窗口的句柄如果为NULL 那么桌面为父窗口
//lptext 内容
//lpcaption 标题
//utype 控制按钮和文本的显示
MessageBox(hwnd,"win32程序开发模板V1.0\n---------------------\n by LL","关于 CFrame",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
break;
}
default:break;
}
}break;
case WM_ACTIVATE:
{
if(LOWORD(wparam) != WA_INACTIVE)
{
//窗口得到焦点事件
}
else
{
//窗口失去焦点事件
}
}break;
case WM_CLOSE:
{
//用户点击关闭窗口按钮时触发事件
int result = MessageBox(hwnd,"你确定离开游戏么？","离开游戏",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONQUESTION);
if(result == IDYES)
{
return (DefWindowProc(hwnd,msg,wparam,lparam));
}
else return(0);
}break;
case WM_PAINT: //窗口内容需要重画时调用
{
//BeginPaint测试这个只获得被破坏的范围不能获得整个窗口
hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps); //BeginPaint hdc仅代表了窗口被破坏的区域并不能操作整个屏幕
// 在此做你自己的绘制
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);

// 返回
return(0);
} break;

case WM_DESTROY: //窗口销毁时调用
{
PlaySound(NULL,hinstance_app,SND_PURGE);
// 这句代码发送 WM_QUIT 信息
PostQuitMessage(0);

// 返回
return(0);
} break;

default:break;

}

// 默认处理
return (DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam));

}

//画文本
void Draw_Text()
{
SetTextColor(hdc, RGB(rand()%256,rand()%256,rand()%256));
SetBkColor(hdc, RGB(0,0,0));
SetBkMode(hdc, TRANSPARENT);
TextOut(hdc,rand()%WINDOW_WIDTH,rand()%WINDOW_HEIGHT, "CFrame文本测试", strlen("CFrame文本测试"));
Sleep(20);
}

void Draw_Pixel()
{
for (int index=0; index < 1000; index++)
{
// get random position
int x = rand()%WINDOW_WIDTH;
int y = rand()%WINDOW_HEIGHT;

COLORREF color = RGB(rand()%255,rand()%255,rand()%255);
SetPixel(hdc, x,y, color);

} // end for index
}

void Draw_Line()
{
// create a random colored pen
HPEN hpen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(rand()%256,rand()%256,rand()%256));

// select the pen into context
HPEN old_hpen = (HPEN)SelectObject(hdc,hpen);

// move to a random postion
MoveToEx(hdc, rand()%WINDOW_WIDTH, rand()%WINDOW_HEIGHT, NULL);

// draw a line
LineTo(hdc,rand()%WINDOW_WIDTH, rand()%WINDOW_HEIGHT);

// now delete the pen
SelectObject(hdc,old_hpen);
DeleteObject(hpen);
}

void Draw_Rect()
{
RECT rect; // used to hold rect info

// create a random rectangle
rect.left = rand()%WINDOW_WIDTH;
rect.top = rand()%WINDOW_HEIGHT;
rect.right = rand()%WINDOW_WIDTH;
rect.bottom = rand()%WINDOW_HEIGHT;

// create a random brush
HBRUSH hbrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(rand()%256,rand()%256,rand()%256));

// draw either a filled rect or a wireframe rect
if ((rand()%2)==1)
//不使用边界画笔绘制填充矩形如果画（10，10）到（20，20）那么填充为（10，10）（21，21）
//包括左上角不包含右下角
FillRect(hdc,&rect,hbrush);
else
//绘制仅有边界的中空矩形
//只是用画刷不适用画笔
FrameRect(hdc,&rect,hbrush);

// now delete the brush
DeleteObject(hbrush);
}

void Draw_Ellipse()
{
// create the pens and brushes
HPEN white_pen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(255,255,255));
HPEN black_pen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(0,0,0));
HBRUSH green_brush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,255,0));
HBRUSH black_brush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,0));

// first select the black pen and brush into context
//下面绘制的目的是消除圆形的上一次的图像，即用黑色覆盖住这样玩家就看不到了
SelectObject(hdc, black_pen);
SelectObject(hdc, black_brush);
// draw the ball
Ellipse(hdc, x, y, x + 32, y + 32);

// MOVE the ball
x+=xv;
y+=yv;

// test for collisions, first x-axis
if (x < 0 || x > WINDOW_WIDTH - 32)
{
// invert x-velocity of ball
xv=-xv;

// push ball back
x+=xv;

} // end if
else
// test for y-axis collisions
if (y < 0 || y > WINDOW_HEIGHT - 32)
{
// invert y-velocity of ball
yv=-yv;

// push ball back
y+=yv;

} // end if

// now select the green and white colors for brush and pen
SelectObject(hdc, white_pen);
SelectObject(hdc, green_brush);

// DRAW the ball
Ellipse(hdc, x, y, x + 32, y + 32);

// delete all the objects
DeleteObject(white_pen);
DeleteObject(black_pen);
DeleteObject(green_brush);
DeleteObject(black_brush);
}

void Draw_Polygon()
{
// select random colors for polygon
HPEN pen_color = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, RGB(rand()%256,rand()%256,rand()%256));
HBRUSH brush_color = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(rand()%256,rand()%256,rand()%256));

// select them into dc
HPEN old_hpen =(HPEN)SelectObject(hdc,pen_color);
HBRUSH old_brush =(HBRUSH)SelectObject(hdc,brush_color);

// now create list of random points for polygon
int num_points = 3+rand()%8;

// this will hold the point list
POINT point_list[10];

// create array of points
for (int index = 0; index < num_points; index++)
{
// set next random point in list
point_list[index].x = rand()%WINDOW_WIDTH;
point_list[index].y = rand()%WINDOW_HEIGHT;
} // end for index

// draw the polygon
Polygon(hdc, point_list, num_points);

// now delete the pen
SelectObject(hdc,old_hpen);
SelectObject(hdc,old_brush);

DeleteObject(pen_color);
DeleteObject(brush_color);
}

//游戏主循环
void Game_Main()
{

hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
Draw_Text(); //绘制文字测试
Draw_Pixel(); //绘制像素测试
Draw_Line(); //绘制线段
Draw_Rect(); //绘制矩形
Draw_Ellipse(); //绘制并且移动圆形有闪烁
Draw_Polygon(); //绘制多边形
ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc);
}

// WINAPI 强制参数从左到右传递
// hInstance 系统为此应用程序生成的实例句柄可以用来跟踪这个应用程序
// hPrevInstance 过时了在旧版本中负责跟踪这个应用程序以前的实例
//lpCmdLine 用来命令行运行时传递参数
// nCmdShow 控制该窗口打开时的状态
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
// TODO: Place code here.

WNDCLASSEX winclass; //窗口类对象

MSG msg;

hinstance_app = hInstance;

//创建窗口类
//所有同一个窗口类创建的对象有相同的事件回调函数
//如果需要每个窗口都有自己的回调函数那么需要创建多余一个的窗口类
winclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
winclass.style = CS_DBLCLKS | CS_OWNDC | //窗口类类型
CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
winclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
winclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
winclass.hInstance = hInstance;
winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(ID_ICON2)); // 控制ALT+TAB时的图标
winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(ID_CURSOR1)); //鼠标样式
winclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH); //背景画刷
winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
winclass.lpszClassName = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
//注意资源文件中的第一个图标就是程序图标
//控制任务管理器窗口左上角平面下方任务栏的图标
winclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(ID_ICON2));

//注册窗口类
if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))
return(0);

//创建窗口
if (!(hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, // 高级特性一般不用
WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, // 窗口类类名
"Your Basic Window", // 标题
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,//窗口外观和行为标志
,200, // x坐标 y坐标
WINDOW_WIDTH,WINDOW_HEIGHT, // 宽高
NULL, // 父窗口句柄如果为NULL 则父窗口是桌面
NULL, // 父窗口菜单
hInstance,// 该应用程序实例
NULL))) // 高级特性一般不用
return(0);

HMENU hmenu = LoadMenu(hInstance,"MainMenu");
SetMenu(hwnd,hmenu);

//hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
/*主事件循环这个不实时
while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
{
// 转换
TranslateMessage(&msg);

// 发送事件到窗口事件回调函数
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
*/
//主事件循环实时循环
while(TRUE)
{
DWORD start_time = GetTickCount(); //获得windows启动后的毫秒数

if(PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
{
if(msg.message == WM_QUIT) break; //跳出无限循环条件
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
Game_Main(); //此处为游戏主循环

while((GetTickCount() - start_time) <33); //33毫秒后执行下一帧显示此代码锁定帧频为1秒30帧

//检测键盘事件主动发送消息结束进程
//用户可以自定义消息也可以使用PoseMessage来发送消息
if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE)) SendMessage(hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0,0);

// slow system down a little
//Sleep(50); //仅仅是延迟程序
}
//ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);

return(msg.wParam);
}