Asp.net 服务端缓存引发的一点思考

来源:互联网 发布:君泽君 知乎 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/03 16:06

我们知道asp.net要经历以下事件

BeginRequest
AuthenticateRequest
PostAuthenticateRequest
AuthorizeRequest
PostAuthorizeRequest
ResolveRequestCache
PostResolveRequestCache
PostMapRequestHandler
AcquireRequestState
PostAcquireRequestState
PreRequestHandlerExecute
....IHttpHandler 类的 ProcessRequest 方法,真正处理请求的地方时一个比较耗时的处理
PostRequestHandlerExecute
eleaseRequestState
PostReleaseRequestState 事件。
UpdateRequestCache
PostUpdateRequestCache
EndRequest

  而在服务端我们缓存经常会用到OutputCache,之所以能用它只要是因为OutputCacheModule中有如下代码:

  void IHttpModule.Init(HttpApplication app)    {        if (RuntimeConfig.GetAppConfig().OutputCache.EnableOutputCache)        {            app.ResolveRequestCache += new EventHandler(this.OnEnter);            app.UpdateRequestCache += new EventHandler(this.OnLeave);        }    }
同样只要看过OutputCacheModule源码的人都知道这里面面的代码比较难懂,为了提高性能,我们能否把读取缓存的时间往前推推到BeginRequest,一旦有缓存这个时候我们就返回数据结束输出流。那么什么时候设置缓存了?我们可以选着在ReleaseRequestState事件中处理,在这个处理中我们需要截获输出流的内容。

在本例中只是提出这种缓存的思想,在项目中运用需要注意的事情还很多。

首先我们需要实现缓存机制,这里我们用字典来存储数据永不过期。

    public class Cache    {        static ConcurrentDictionary<string, string> dict = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, string>();        public static void Add(string key, string value)        {            if (dict.ContainsKey(key))            {                 dict[key] = value;                             }            else            {                 dict.TryAdd(key, value);            }        }        public static string Get(string key)        {            string result = string.Empty;            dict.TryGetValue(key, out result);            return result;        }    }

代码很简单吧,同样需要截获输出流的代码


    public class PageFilter : Stream    {        Stream responseStream;        long position;        StringBuilder responseHtml;        public PageFilter(Stream inputStream)        {            responseStream = inputStream;            responseHtml = new StringBuilder();        }        #region Filter overrides        public override bool CanRead        {            get { return true; }        }        public override bool CanSeek        {            get { return true; }        }        public override bool CanWrite        {            get { return true; }        }        public override void Close()        {            responseStream.Close();        }        public override void Flush()        {            responseStream.Flush();        }        public override long Length        {            get { return 0; }        }        public override long Position        {            get { return position; }            set { position = value; }        }        public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin)        {            return responseStream.Seek(offset, origin);        }        public override void SetLength(long length)        {            responseStream.SetLength(length);        }        public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)        {            return responseStream.Read(buffer, offset, count);        }        #endregion        #region Dirty work        public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)        {            HttpResponse response = HttpContext.Current.Response;            string charset = response.Charset ?? "utf-8";            string finalHtml = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetString(buffer, offset, count);                      int index = finalHtml.IndexOf("</html>");            if (index<1)            {                responseHtml.Append(finalHtml);            }            else            {                responseHtml.Append(finalHtml);                finalHtml = responseHtml.ToString();                 byte[] data = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(finalHtml);                /*缓存处理*/                string key = HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.ToString();                Cache.Add(key, finalHtml);                /*缓存处理*/                responseStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);            }        }        #endregion    }

那么如何运用了?在Global.asax.cs文件中:

  public override void Init()        {            base.Init();            this.BeginRequest += new EventHandler(MvcApplication_BeginRequest);            this.ReleaseRequestState += new EventHandler(MvcApplication_ReleaseRequestState);        }        void MvcApplication_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            string key = HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.ToString();            HttpResponse response = HttpContext.Current.Response;            string result = Cache.Get(key);            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result))            {                response.Write(result);                ((HttpApplication)sender).CompleteRequest();            }        }        void MvcApplication_ReleaseRequestState(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            HttpResponse response = HttpContext.Current.Response;            if (response.ContentType == "text/html")            {                response.Filter = new PageFilter(response.Filter);            }        }
运行结果,无论你运行多少次结果都如下

这种处理方式和OutputCache一样不用区分你的程序是否是mvc模式。在实际项目中我们可以用Memcached、Redis、AppFabric 来做分布式缓存。比如像凡客、京东某些页面就可以采用这种思想来实现,比你在页面或action任何地方读取缓存的效率要高出很多,当然效率高的代价就是它的适用范围比较窄,实际中往往不是缓存一个完整的整个页面内容,而只是缓存一部分。

欢迎大家拍砖
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