RMAN异机不同路径结构Duplicate数据库

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taget database

auxiliary database

操作系统

RHEL 5 update 8 X86_64

主机名

oraedu

oraedu1

IP地址/子网掩码

192.168.127.11/24

192.168.127.12/24

/etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.127.11 oraedu

192.168.127.12 oraedu1

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.127.12 oraedu1

192.168.127.11 oraedu

~/.bash_porfile

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

EDITOR=vi

export PATH EDITOR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_HOME

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export PATH

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

EDITOR=vi

export PATH EDITOR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_SID=orclb

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_HOME

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export PATH

安装oracle软件的用户

oracle

Oracle软件版本

oracle 10g 10.2.0.1.0 X86_64

$ORACLE_BASE

/u01/app/oracle/

$ORACLE_HOME

/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/

$ORACLE_SID

orcl

orclb

lisntener.o

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oraedu)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

)

#这里要用静态注册的方式，否则oraedu无法连接此侦听，不用静态注册也可以成功(2012-10-31修改)

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_NAME = orclb)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orclb)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oraedu1)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

)

tnsnames.ora

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oraedu)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

ORCLB =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oraedu1)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orclb)

(UR=A)

)

#一定要在连接orclb的服务描述符中加上(UR=A)，否则RMAN连接orclb不是"not mounted"状态，而是"not started"状态，auxiliary database是"not started"状态执行duplicate是无法成功的。

Note: The (UR=A) clause in tnsnames.ora is intended to work with a dynamically registered handler so the use of SERVICE_NAME versus SID is preferred. (ID 362656.1)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oraedu)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

ORCLB =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oraedu1)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orclb)

(UR=A)

)

表格 1

本实验演示RMAN的DUPLICATE功能，复制targetdatabase到auxiliary database中。target database已经open，并且处于归档模式，auxiliary database已安装Oracle软件，并未安装数据库。我们需要为auxiliary database配置参数文件，然后启动实例，再利用RMAN的DUPLICATE把target database的数据库完整备份复制到auxiliary database上，并启动auxiliary database。实验目的是为了建立一个和targetdatabase几乎一致的数据库副本，因为auxiliary database只能与target database的某个时间点相同。

本实验只演示异机不同路径的复制，除此之外还有异机相同路径复制和本地创建DUPLICATE。

为完成本次实验需要两台机器，两台机器的主机和oracle相关设置见表格1，oraedu是target database，已经安装oracle数据库，并且处于open状态，oraedu1是auxiliary database，已安装oracle软件，没有安装oracle数据库，没有启动实例。以下是实验步骤，在实验前要确保已按照表格中的内容做相关设置：

步骤一、创建orclb实例的参数文件

1、oraedu主机的orcl数据库是用spfile文件启动实例，我们可以利用spfile创建pfile，并复制pfile到oraedu1主机。

登录oraedu主机：

[oracle@oraedu ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SYS@orcl>select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

SYS@orcl>select dbid,name,log_mode fromv$database;

DBID NAME LOG_MODE

------------------- --------- ---------

1320402727 ORCL ARCHIVELOG

SYS@orcl>create pfile from spfile;

File created.

SYS@orcl>exit

[oracle@oraedu ~]$scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora oracle@oraedu1:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorclb.ora

2、修改参数文件

登录oraedu1主机：

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorclb.ora

把文件中所有orcl改成orclb,在文件尾加添加以下两行后保存：

db_file_name_convert=(/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/,/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/)

log_file_name_convert=(/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/,/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/)

这两行是实现复制之后的数据文件的位置映射。

创建参数文件中的相关目录：

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]$ mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclb/adump

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]$ mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclb/bdump

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]$ mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclb/cdump

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]$ mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/admin/orclb/udump

[oracle@oraedu1 ~] mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

[oracle@oraedu1 ~] mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb

步骤二、创建orclb数据库的密码文件

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworclbpassword=oracle entries=20

步骤三、启动orclb的侦听,启动orclb实例到no mount状态。

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 -Production on 27-OCT-2012 14:12:36

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr:please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oraedu1)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))

Connecting to(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oraedu1)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                    LISTENER
Version                  TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date               27-OCT-2012 21:01:40
Uptime                   0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level              off
Security                 ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                     OFF
Listener Parameter File  /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File        /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oraedu1)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "orclb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance"orclb", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successful
[oracle@oraedu1 ~]sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production onSat Oct 27 14:16:52 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@orclb> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 314572800 bytes
FixedSize                    2020480 bytes
VariableSize                  109054848 bytes
DatabaseBuffers          201326592 bytes
RedoBuffers                    2170880 bytes
SYS@orclb>select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
STARTED
SYS@orclb>

步骤四、在oraedu主机的orcl数据库上用RMAN创建数据库备份集，并复制备份到oraedu1主机上

登录oraedu主机：

            [oracle@oraedu ~]$mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/backup/     --创建备份目录
[oracle@oraedu ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct27 21:10:21 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1320402727)
RMAN>backup fulldatabase format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/full_%u%p%s.rmn' include currentcontrolfile plus archivelog format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/arch_%u%p%s.rmn';         --创建数据库的完整备份，并备份当前控制文件和日志文件。
           …………输出省略
RMAN>list backup;                                    --查看备份的数据库文件、控制文件和日志文件。
…………输出省略
RMAN>exit
[oracle@oraedu ~]$scp -r/u01/app/oracle/backup/ oracle@oraedu1:/u01/app/oracle/  --备份集必须复制到auxiliary database相同的位置。

           步骤五、连接target database和auxiliary database，执行复制语句。
登录oraedu主机：
[oracle@oraedu ~]$rman target sys/oracle@orcl auxiliarysys/oracle@orclb
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct27 21:28:40 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1320402727)
connected to auxiliary database: ORCLB(not mounted)               --如果是(not started)执行复制命令是无法成功的。

RMAN>duplicate targetdatabase to orclb;                          --执行数据库复制命令。
Starting Duplicate Db at 27-OCT-12
using target database control file instead of recoverycatalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK

contents of Memory Script:
{
   set until scn 1252314;
   set newname fordatafile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/system01.dbf";
   set newname fordatafile 2 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/undotbs01.dbf";
   set newname fordatafile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/sysaux01.dbf";
   set newname fordatafile 4 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/users01.dbf";
   set newname fordatafile 5 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/example01.dbf";
   set newname fordatafile 6 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/statsinfo01.dbf";
   set newname fordatafile 7 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/toms01.dbf";
   set newname fordatafile 8 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/tomss01.dbf";
   restore
   check readonly
   clone database
   ;
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 27-OCT-12
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restorefrom backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00002 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/users01.dbf
restoring datafile 00005 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/example01.dbf
restoring datafile 00006 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/statsinfo01.dbf
restoring datafile 00007 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/toms01.dbf
restoring datafile 00008 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/tomss01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece/u01/app/oracle/backup/full_11noqiqh133.rmn
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/full_11noqiqh133.rmntag=TAG20121027T160329
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time:00:01:47
Finished restore at 27-OCT-12
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE"ORCLB" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES     16
MAXLOGMEMBERS      3
MAXDATAFILES      100
MAXINSTANCES     8
MAXLOGHISTORY      292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo101.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo01.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo202.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo02.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo303.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo03.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo04.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo404.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE
DATAFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/system01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

contents of Memory Script:
{
   switch clonedatafile all;
}
executing Memory Script

released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=1 stamp=797790845filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=2 stamp=797790845filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=3 stamp=797790845filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/users01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=4 stamp=797790845filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/example01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=5 stamp=797790845filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/statsinfo01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=6 stamp=797790845filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/toms01.dbf
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=7 stamp=797790845filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/tomss01.dbf

contents of Memory Script:
{
   set until scn 1252314;
   recover
   clone database
    delete archivelog
   ;
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET until clause

Starting recover at 27-OCT-12
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK

starting media recovery

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archive log restore todefault destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=55
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece/u01/app/oracle/backup/arch_13noqj28135.rmn
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/arch_13noqj28135.rmntag=TAG20121027T160736
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time:00:00:02
archive logfilename=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCLB/archivelog/2012_10_27/o1_mf_1_55_88q7404s_.arcthread=1 sequence=55
channel clone_default: deleting archive log(s)
archive logfilename=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCLB/archivelog/2012_10_27/o1_mf_1_55_88q7404s_.arcrecid=1 stamp=797790848
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished recover at 27-OCT-12

contents of Memory Script:
{
   shutdown clone;
   startup clonenomount ;
}
executing Memory Script

database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area    314572800 bytes

Fixed Size                    2020480 bytes
Variable Size               109054848 bytes
Database Buffers            201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers                  2170880 bytes
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE"ORCLB" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES     16
MAXLOGMEMBERS      3
MAXDATAFILES      100
MAXINSTANCES     8
MAXLOGHISTORY      292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo101.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo01.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo202.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo02.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo303.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo03.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo04.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/redo404.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE
DATAFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/system01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

contents of Memory Script:
{
   set newname fortempfile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/temp01.dbf";
   switch clonetempfile all;
   catalog clonedatafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/undotbs01.dbf";
   catalog clonedatafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/sysaux01.dbf";
   catalog clonedatafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/users01.dbf";
   catalog clonedatafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/example01.dbf";
   catalog clonedatafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/statsinfo01.dbf";
   catalog clonedatafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/toms01.dbf";
   catalog clonedatafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/tomss01.dbf";
   switch clonedatafile all;
}
executing Memory Script

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed temporary file 1 to/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/temp01.dbf in control file

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/undotbs01.dbf recid=1 stamp=797792902

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/sysaux01.dbf recid=2 stamp=797792908

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/users01.dbf recid=3 stamp=797792909

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/example01.dbf recid=4 stamp=797792909

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/statsinfo01.dbf recid=5 stamp=797792910

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/toms01.dbf recid=6 stamp=797792910

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copyfilename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/tomss01.dbf recid=7 stamp=797792910

datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=1 stamp=797792902filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=2 stamp=797792908filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=3 stamp=797792909filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/users01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=4 stamp=797792909filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/example01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=5 stamp=797792910filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/statsinfo01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=6 stamp=797792910filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/toms01.dbf
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy recid=7 stamp=797792910filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orclb/tomss01.dbf

contents of Memory Script:
{
   Alter clone databaseopen resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script

database opened
Finished Duplicate Db at 27-OCT-12
RMAN>                                                                    --已完成数据库的复制

步骤六、连接orclb数据库验证复制结果

登陆oraedu1主机，用sqlplus连接orclb数据库

[oracle@oraedu1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus:Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 27 21:37:33 2012

Copyright(c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rightsreserved.

Connectedto:
OracleDatabase 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
Withthe Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SYS@orclb> selectstatus from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN

SYS@orclb> selectdbid,name,log_mode from v$database;

             DBID       NAME       LOG_MODE
         ----------      ---------            ------------
2861060852      ORCLB     ARCHIVELOG

可以看到数据库已经启动，而且是处于归档模式，并且DBID=2861060852 和orcl数据库的DBID=1320402727不一样。复制完数据库后要重新配置em，否则无法用em管理数据库。