What is Review Efficiency, peer review ,Verification and Validation

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1;What is Review Efficiency
This metric shows the efficiency of the review process. A higher ratio of Review Defects to Total Defects indicates a very efficient Review Process.
   Review Efficiency % is calculated at
        • Overall Project level
        • Stage level
Stage wise Review Efficiency % = (Number of defects detected during current stage review) / (Number of defects detected during current stage Review + Number defects detected in subsequent stages attributed to current stage) *100
Overall Review Efficiency%
= (Number of Review defects) / (Total number of Review + Testing Defects [including customer reported test defects])*100
 
2:What is peer review
Peer Review is the process of exercising or evaluating a system, by manual or automatic means to verify that it satisfies specified requirements.
    All the work products created in a project will be subjected to review. The review will be done by a person who is having same skill set and was not involved in the preparation of that work product. This is called peer review.
 
3:What is Verification?
The process of determining whether of not the products of a given phase or the software development cycle meet the implementation steps and can be traced to the incoming objectives established during the previous phase.
The technique for verification is typically "peer reviews".
 
4:What is Validation?
Validation is the process of evaluating software to determine compliance with specified requirements.
    This is typically the testing carried out in a project.