生成release版本的Android系统

1.使用platform密钥对apk进行签名

 

1.1.进入<Android_Source_Path>/build/target/product/security,找到【platform.pk8】和【platform.x509.pem】系统密钥。
1.2.进入<Android_Source_Path>/build/tools/signapk找到SignApk.java，运行javac编译成SignApk.class
1.3.执行命令java com.android.signapk.SignApk platform.x509.pem platform.pk8 input.apk output.apk

至此，完成。

 

2. 对1的补充：

<Android_Source_Path>/build/target/product/security下有多对密钥，详细如下：

The following commands were used to generate the test key pairs:

  development/tools/make_key testkey  '/C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Android/OU=Android/CN=Android/emailAddress=[e-mail]'
  development/tools/make_key platform '/C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Android/OU=Android/CN=Android/emailAddress=[e-mail]'
  development/tools/make_key shared   '/C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Android/OU=Android/CN=Android/emailAddress=[e-mail]'
  development/tools/make_key media    '/C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Android/OU=Android/CN=Android/emailAddress=[e-mail]'

The following standard test keys are currently included:

testkey -- a generic key for packages that do not otherwise specify a key.
platform -- a test key for packages that are part of the core platform.
shared -- a test key for things that are shared in the home/contacts process.
media -- a test key for packages that are part of the media/download system.

These test keys are used strictly in development, and should never be assumed
to convey any sort of validity.  When $BUILD_SECURE=true, the code should not
honor these keys in any context.


signing using the openssl commandline (for boot/system images)
--------------------------------------------------------------

1. convert pk8 format key to pem format
   % openssl pkcs8 -inform DER -nocrypt -in testkey.pk8 -out testkey.pem

2. create a signature using the pem format key
   % openssl dgst -binary -sha1 -sign testkey.pem FILE > FILE.sig

extracting public keys for embedding
------------------------------------
it's a Java tool
but it generates C code
take a look at commands/recovery/Android.mk
you'll see it running $(HOST_OUT_JAVA_LIBRARIES)/dumpkey.jar

 

 

3.对3的补充：

在运行第三步的命令前，请在你当前的工作目录下新建如下结构的文件夹:com.android.signapk，然后将第二步编译生成的SignApk放入该目录下。或者也可以将SignApk.java的package声明删除后再运行javac编译。

 

命令java com.android.signapk.SignApk platform.x509.pem platform.pk8 input.apk output.apk

不单可以对apk文件进行重签名，也可以对所有的zip文件进行重签名，包括ROM文件。

 

网上Android数字签名大多是与Android APK相关，而介绍Android系统签名的方法却不多。正巧前段时间帮别人做CTS 认证，需要用到给Android系统签名。

为什么需要给Android系统签个名才能进行CTS认证呢？原来我们通过make -j4编译出来的system.img使用的是test key,这种类型的key只适用于开发阶段，而且这种秘钥是公开的，谁都可以使用。当发布一款android产品，就需要另外给整个系统签个名，防止被别人盗用。这种系统就是release版本的Android系统。

 

下面就详细介绍下整个过程。

1、生成加密key文件

要对Android系统进行签名，需要生成四种类型的key文件。

a)releasekey

b)media

c)shared

d)platform

 

我们就拿releasekey为例简单介绍下生成过程。

1）进入/android_src/development/tools目录。

/development/tools$ ls
apkcheck  etc1tool    hosttestlib  jdwpspy       makedict         mkstubs       

axl       findunused  idegen       line_endings  make_key    monkeyrunner    zoneinfo

2）使用make_key工具生成签名文件

development/tools$ sh make_key releasekey '/C=CN/ST=JiangSu/L=NanJing/O=Company/OU=Department/CN=YourName/emailAddress=YourE-mailAddress'

 

Enter password for 'releasekey' (blank for none; password will be visible): mypassword    <------- 设置你的密码
creating platform.pk8 with password [mypassword]
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
...............+++
........................................................+++
e is 3 (0x3)

这里要顺便介绍下make_key的参数。第一个参数是要生成key的名字，第二个参数是关于你公司的信息。

key的名字很好理解，就是前面提到的4中类型的key，公司信息的参数比较多，它们的含义如下：

C   --->  Country Name (2 letter code)
ST  --->  State or Province Name (full name)
L   --->  Locality Name (eg, city)
O   --->  Organization Name (eg, company)
OU  --->  Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
CN  --->  Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname)
emailAddress --->  Contact email address

 

这样就生成了一组releasekey,另外3种类型的key的生成方法也基本一样。

生成后的结果如下：

/development/tools$ ls
makedict  media.pk8       mkstubs       platform.pk8       releasekey.pk8       shared.pk8      
 make_key  media.x509.pem    platform.x509.pem  releasekey.x509.pem  shared.x509.pem

*.pk8是生成的私钥，而*.x509.pem是公钥,生成时两者是成对出现的.

2 、 把pk8和x509.pem文件拷贝到vendor/Modul/security/product_modul目录

/android_src/vendor/Modul/security/product_modul$ cp ../../../../development/tools/*.pk8 ./
/android_src/vendor/Modul/security/product_modul$ cp ../../../../development/tools/*.pem ./

这一部虽然不是必须的,但最好还是这样做下,由于牵涉到项目的原因,产品和产品型号就用Modul和product_modul代替了.

 

3 、 回到根目录android_src

/android_src/vendor/Modul/security/product_modul$ cd ../../../../

大家看后肯定觉得这一步很多余,根本没有必要单独提出来,但后来证明把这步提下还是很有必要的,因为第5步的操作必须要在根目录下执行,不然会出错.在这一点上我是吃了不少苦头.

 

4 、编译系统

/android_src$ make -j4 PRODUCT-product_modul-user dist

这个怎么跟平时的编译不一样,后面多了两个参数PRODUCT-product_modul-user 和 dist. 编译完成之后回在/android_src/dist/目录内生成个product_modul-target_files开头的zip文件.这就是我们需要进行签名的文件系统.

 

5 、开始签名

android_src$ ./build/tools/releasetools/sign_target_files_apks -d vendor/Modul/security/product_modul/ out/dist/product_modul-target_files.zip  out/dist/signed_target_files.zip
ERROR: no key specified for:

  CalendarWidget.apk
  Contacts_yellowpage.apk
  SnsAppMain.apk
  fbandroid-1.5.0.apk
  AnalogClockWidget.apk
  MessageWidget.apk
  NewsWidget.apk

上面的意思是使用sign_target_files_apks工具采用vendor/Modul/security/product_modul/下的key对product_modul-target_files.zip文件进行签名,并把签名结果放在out/dist/signed_target_files.zip里.

从上面的签名结果看,签名并没有成功,原因是由于有些apk程序已经签过名了或者找不到对应的key. 这也难不倒我们,我们可以通过设置过滤,不对上面的程序进行签名.方法如下:

通过参数"-e <apkname>=" 来过滤这些程序.

android_src$ ./build/tools/releasetools/sign_target_files_apks -d vendor/Modul/security/product_modul/  -e  CalendarWidget.apk=  -e   Contacts_yellowpage.apk=   -e  SnsAppMain.apk=  -e fbandroid-1.5.0.apk=  -e AnalogClockWidget.apk=  -e MessageWidget.apk=  -e  NewsWidget.apk=    out/dist/product_modul-target_files.zip  out/dist/signed_target_files.zip

 

Enter password for vendor/Modul/security/product_modul//media key>         <----- imput the password
Enter password for vendor/Modul/security/product_modul//platform key>      <----- imput the password
Enter password for vendor/Modul/security/product_modul//releasekey key>  <----- imput the password
Enter password for vendor/Modul/security/product_modul//shared key>        <----- imput the password
rewriting RECOVERY/RAMDISK/default.prop:
  replace:  ro.build.tags=test-keys
     with:  ro.build.tags=release-keys

NOT signing: CalendarWidget.apk
NOT signing: Contacts_yellowpage.apk
    signing: Mms.apk                            
    signing: SoundRecorder.apk              
    signing: AccountAndSyncSettings.apk         
    signing: Camera.apk                          
.......................................................................
rewriting SYSTEM/build.prop:
  replace:  ro.build.tags=test-keys
     with:  ro.build.tags=release-keys
  replace:  ro.build.description= test-keys
     with:  ro.build.description= release-keys
  replace:  ro.build.fingerprint=...........................
     with:  ro.build.fingerprint=.............................
    signing: framework-res.apk                    
done.

 

这样就完成了android系统的签名工作.

 

6 、生成image文件

android_src$ ./build/tools/releasetools/img_from_target_files  out/dist/signed-target-files.zip  out/dist/signed-img.zip
creating boot.img...
creating recovery.img...
creating system.img...
creating userdata.img...
cleaning up...
done.

使用img_from_target_files工具生成signed-img.zip文件.signed-img.zip文件包含了boot.img,userdate.img,system.img文件等.

 

7 、通过fastboot下载signed-img.zip文件

fastboot update signed-img.zip

通过fastboot就可以把签了名的系统文件下载到手机上了。

 

 

介绍android APK签名的方法有很多，下面这篇文章写的挺不错,有需要的可以参考一下.

http://yangguangfu.iteye.com/blog/723182

 

自己的key：

. make_key releasekey

'/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/L=ShenZhen/O=Toltech/OU=SystemSoftware/CN=Engineer/emailAddress=s

[e-mail]'

. make_key platform

'/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/L=ShenZhen/O=Toltech/OU=SystemSoftware/CN=Engineer/emailAddress=s

[e-mail]'

. make_key testkey

'/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/L=ShenZhen/O=Toltech/OU=SystemSoftware/CN=Engineer/emailAddress=s

[e-mail]'

. make_key shared

'/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/L=ShenZhen/O=Toltech/OU=SystemSoftware/CN=Engineer/emailAddress=s

[e-mail]'

. make_key media

'/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/L=ShenZhen/O=Toltech/OU=SystemSoftware/CN=Engineer/emailAddress=s

[e-mail]'