JAVASE----16----IO流_3

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一,操作对象


package IO2;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;public class ObjectStreamDemo {/** * @param args */public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception{//writeObj();readObj();}public static void readObj() throws Exception {ObjectInputStream ois=new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("obj.txt"));        Person p=(Person)ois.readObject();        System.out.println(p);        ois.close();}public static void writeObj() throws Exception {ObjectOutputStream oos=new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("obj.txt"));oos.writeObject(new Person("lisi",339,"kr"));oos.close();       }}



package IO2;import java.io.Serializable;//序列化已实现对象的持久化public class Person implements Serializable{private String name;transient int age;    //此属性不会被序列化static String country="cn"; //静态也不能被序列化public Person(String name, int age, String country) {super();this.name = name;this.age = age;this.country=country;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return name+":"+age+":"+country;}}



二,IO包中的其他类

    1,管道流:

package IO2;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PipedInputStream;import java.io.PipedOutputStream;public class PipedStreamDemo {/** * @param args * @throws IOException  */public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {PipedInputStream in=new PipedInputStream();PipedOutputStream out= new PipedOutputStream();in.connect(out);        Read r=new Read(in);        Write w=new Write(out);        new Thread(r).start();        new Thread(w).start();}}class Read implements Runnable{private  PipedInputStream in;Read( PipedInputStream in){this.in=in;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {byte[]buf=new byte[1024];System.out.println("读取前,没有数据,阻塞");int len= in.read(buf);System.out.println("读到数据,阻塞结束");String s=new String(buf,0,len);System.out.println(s);in.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}class Write implements Runnable{private  PipedOutputStream out;Write( PipedOutputStream out){this.out=out;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {System.out.println("开始写入数据,等待5秒后");Thread.sleep(5000);out.write("piped come ".getBytes());out.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}


  


 2,RandomAccessFile

   该类不算是IO体系的子类,二是直接继承自Object。
   但是他是IO包中成员,因为它具备读和写功能。内部封装了一个数组,而且通过指针对数组的元素进行操作。可以通过getFilePointer获取指针位置,同事可以根据seek改变指针位置。
    其实完成读写的原理就是内部封装了字节输入流和输出流
    从构造函数可以看出,该类只能操作文件。
    而且操作文件还有模式。只读 r, 读写 rw 等,

如果模式为只读r,不会创建文件,回去读取一个已存在的文件,如果不存在,则会出现异常。
如果模式为rw,
操作的文件不存在会自动创建,如果 存在则不会覆盖。


package IO2;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.RandomAccessFile;public class RandomAccessFileDemo {/** * @param args * @throws IOException  */public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {//writeFile();readFile();}public static void writeFile() throws IOException{RandomAccessFile raf=new RandomAccessFile("ran.txt", "rw");raf.write("李四".getBytes());raf.writeInt(97);raf.write("王五".getBytes());raf.writeInt(99);raf.close();}public static void readFile() throws IOException{//r: 只读RandomAccessFile raf=new RandomAccessFile("ran.txt","r");//调整对象中的指针raf.seek(8*1); //跳过指定的字节数//raf.skipBytes(8);byte[] buf=new byte[4];raf.read(buf);String name=new String (buf);int age=raf.readInt(); //一次读4个字节System.out.println("name="+name);System.out.println("age="+age);raf.close();}}





  3,操作基本数据类型的流对象

           DataInputStream 与DataOutputStream
可以用于操作基本数据类型的流对象


package IO2;import java.io.DataInputStream;import java.io.DataOutputStream;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;public class DataStreamDemo {/*  *  */public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {readdata();//writedata();}public static void writedata() throws Exception {DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("data.txt"));//写入13个字节dos.writeInt(234);dos.writeBoolean(true);dos.writeDouble(2343.234); dos.close();}public static void readdata() throws Exception {DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream("data.txt"));int num=dis.readInt();boolean b=dis.readBoolean();double d=dis.readDouble();System.out.print(num+","+b+","+d);dis.close();}}



4,操作字节数组的流对象

     ByteArrayInputStream:  在构造的时候,需要接受数据源,而且数据源是一个字节数组
     ByteArrayOutputStream: 在构造的时候不用定义数据目的,因为该对象中已经封装了可变长度的字节数组,这就是数据目的。
     因为这2个流对象都操作数组,并没有使用系统资源,所以不用进行close关闭。

    在写流操作规律时,

   源设备:

   键盘:System.in  硬盘: FileStream 内存 ArrayStream
  目的设备:

   控制台:System.out 硬盘 FileStream  内存 ArrayStream

用流的读写思想来操作数组




package IO2;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;public class ByteArrayStream {/** * @param args */public static void main(String[] args) {  ByteArrayInputStream  bis=new ByteArrayInputStream("DFSDFSF".getBytes());            ByteArrayOutputStream  bos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();                    //System.out.println(bos.size());          int by=0;          while((by=bis.read())!=-1)          {          bos.write(by);          }          System.out.println(bos.toString());          //bos.writeTo(new FileOutputStream("a.txt"));}}


三,编码


     1,转换流的编码

package IO2;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;public class EncodeStream {/** * @param args */public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {//writeText();readText();}public static void writeText() throws IOException { OutputStreamWriter osw=new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("utf.txt"),"UTF-8"); osw.write("你好"); osw.close();}public static void readText() throws IOException {InputStreamReader  isr=new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("utf.txt"),"GBK");char[] buf=new char[10];int len=isr.read(buf);String str=new String(buf,0,len);System.out.println(str);isr.close();}}



结果:






    2,字符编码

  编码:字符串变成字节数组
  解码:字节数组变成字符串

String-->byte[ ];str.getBytes(charsetName)

byte[ ]-->String; new String(byte[], charsetname))

package IO2;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.util.Arrays;public class EncodeDemo {/** * @param args * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException  */public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {           String s="你好";           byte[] b1=s.getBytes("utf-8");           System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b1));           String s1=new String(b1,"gbk");           System.out.println("s1="+s1);}}





package IO2;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.util.Arrays;public class EncodeDemo {/** * @param args * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException  */public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {           String s="你好";           byte[] b1=s.getBytes("GBK");           System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b1));           String s1=new String(b1,"ISO8859-1");           System.out.println("s1="+s1);           //对s1 进行iso8859-1编码           byte[]b2=s1.getBytes("ISO8859-1");           System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b2));           //再解码           String s2=new String(b2,"GBK");           System.out.println("s2="+s2);           }}



值得注意的是,在GBK 和 UTF-8 转换的时候因为都能识别中文所以会出现问题。





package IO2;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.util.Arrays;public class EncodeDemo {/** * @param args * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException  */public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {         String  s="联通";         byte[] by=s.getBytes("gbk");         for(byte b :by)         {         System.out.println(Integer.toBinaryString(b&255));         }           //联通2进制形式跟U-8编码规律一致,所以记事本会查U-8编码表解,这是个非常特殊的词语}}






练习:有5个学生,每个学生有3门课的成绩,从键盘输入以上数据(包括姓名,三门课成绩),输入的格式:如:zhangsan,60,70,80计算出总成绩,
并把学生的信息和计算出的总分数高低顺序存放在磁盘文件“stud.txt”中

1,描述学生对象
2,定义一个可以操作学生对象的工具类


思想:
1,通过获取键盘录入一行数据,并将该行中信息取出封装成学生对象。
2,因为学生有很多,那么就需要存储,使用到集合。因为要对学生的总分排序。
3,将集合的信息写入到一个文件中。


package IO2;public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {private String name;private int ma, cn, en;private int sum;public Student(String name, int ma, int cn, int en) {super();this.name = name;this.ma = ma;this.cn = cn;this.en = en;sum = ma + cn + en;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getMa() {return ma;}public void setMa(int ma) {this.ma = ma;}public int getCn() {return cn;}public void setCn(int cn) {this.cn = cn;}public int getEn() {return en;}public void setEn(int en) {this.en = en;}public int getSum() {return sum;}public void setSum(int sum) {this.sum = sum;}@Overridepublic int compareTo(Student s) {int num = new Integer(this.sum).compareTo(new Integer(s.sum));if (num == 0) {return this.name.compareTo(s.name);}return num;}@Overridepublic int hashCode() {return name.hashCode() + sum * 78;}@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object obj) {if (!(obj instanceof Student))throw new ClassCastException("类型不匹配");Student s = (Student) obj;return this.name.equals(s.name) && this.sum == s.sum;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Student [name=" + name + ", ma=" + ma + ", cn=" + cn + ", en="+ en + "]";}}



package IO2;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.BufferedWriter;import java.io.FileWriter;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.util.Comparator;import java.util.Set;import java.util.TreeSet;public class StudentInfoTool {public static Set<Student>getSutends() throws NumberFormatException, IOException{return getSutends(null); }public static Set<Student>getSutends(Comparator<Student> cmp) throws NumberFormatException, IOException{BufferedReader bufr=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));String line=null;Set<Student>stus=null;if(cmp==null)stus=new TreeSet<Student>();else stus=new TreeSet<Student>(cmp);while((line=bufr.readLine())!=null){if("over".equals(line))break;String[]info=line.split(",");Student stu=new Student(info[0], Integer.parseInt(info[1]), Integer.parseInt(info[2]), Integer.parseInt(info[3]));stus.add(stu);}bufr.close();return stus;}public static void writefile(Set<Student> stus) throws IOException{BufferedWriter  bfw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("stu.txt"));for(Student s:stus){bfw.write(s.toString()+"\t");bfw.write(s.getSum()+"");bfw.newLine();bfw.flush();}bfw.close();}}



package IO2;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Collections;import java.util.Comparator;import java.util.Set;public class StudentInfoTest {/** * @param args * @throws IOException  * @throws NumberFormatException  */public static void main(String[] args) throws NumberFormatException, IOException {Comparator<Student> cmp=Collections.reverseOrder();Set<Student> stus=StudentInfoTool.getSutends(cmp); StudentInfoTool.writefile(stus);}}






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